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Old 01-12-2018, 04:02 AM   #1
utkarshj
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Fast video on eink using A2 with 1 bit depth with shades
I had an idea, since A2 mode has a pretty good fps, it could be used to watch videos which have been converted to 1 bit color depth with "varying black pixel density" to retain the shading. Help me in implementing it.

Let me explain:
If * is a black pixel and " " is a white pixel,
******** is pure black
** ** ** is a lighter black
* * * * * is grey
* * * * is whiter grey
is white.

way i able to explain properly ?
This was done a while back in printing.
This was seen in MS Paint if the color depth was low.
I dont know what it is called, or if there is any tech to achieve this conversion.
I have googled but didnt find anything. So help me...

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Old 01-12-2018, 04:14 AM   #2
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watch this video in A2
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=75WaK2Y8fXo

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Old 01-12-2018, 04:46 AM   #3
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What you're describing is a halftone. There's a lot of work on the best way to convert still images into halftones, but I don't know if there's much on converting video (where obviously you don't want large changes from frame to frame in how the image is represented as a halftone).

See the Wikipedia articles on halftone and error diffusion
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Old 01-12-2018, 04:48 AM   #4
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Search halftone. Cant find a halftone video.
Maybe: video>frames>halftone frames>video

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Old 01-12-2018, 05:19 AM   #5
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watch this in A2:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9ArqfF4zvTQ

VurtuakDub has a halftone filter. will try that out and post results.

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Old 01-12-2018, 06:34 AM   #6
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Quote:
Originally Posted by utkarshj View Post
I had an idea, since A2 mode has a pretty good fps, it could be used to watch videos which have been converted to 1 bit color depth with "varying black pixel density" to retain the shading. Help me in implementing it.
Sorry: how is that better than what we already have - the dithering as implemented by Onyx?
You know how videos are played in current Onyx devices - and without any need for conversion -, right?
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Old 01-12-2018, 06:47 AM   #7
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In case you are making reference to old devices which implemented A2 rendering through a threshold function, the term you are looking for is "dithering": you have to preprocess the clips through a dithering function after scaling them to dimensions as big as the screen.

But note that this is very legacy: current devices already implement A2 rendering through dithering - natively, by default and without any need for pre-processing.
Last edited by mdp; 01-12-2018 at 06:51 AM.
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Old 01-12-2018, 11:30 AM   #8
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On my device, the blacks are solid black, and whites are solid white. Maybe I have the older device.
I looked into dithering, but I found frequency modulated halftone to be what I was looking for.
Tomorrow, I will convert videos to dithered and halftone and test the results.
(So newer devices have this inbuilt ? That must be great / almost perfect for watching videos)

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Old 01-12-2018, 11:48 AM   #9
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@mdp ...and is there a way to enable the A2 dither mode in my device ? Or some app that does something similar ? Just wondering...

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Old 01-12-2018, 01:53 PM   #10
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Quote:
Originally Posted by utkarshj View Post
(So newer devices have this inbuilt ? That must be great / almost perfect for watching videos)
Mentioned many times.

Check the screenshots and movie clip posted at:
https://www.mobileread.com/forums/sh...&postcount=293
they are from VLC playing videos, unmodified.
Did you see them?

Quote:
Originally Posted by utkarshj View Post
On my device, the blacks are solid black, and whites are solid white.
That's threshold. It's very easy:
if pixel>GREY then return WHITE else return BLACK

Easy and fast - of course, it's also naive.

Quote:
Originally Posted by utkarshj View Post
I looked into dithering, but I found frequency modulated halftone to be what I was looking for.
When a naive rendering would give homogeneous bands but the idea is to render a gradient, so you have to gradually mix the two, that's dithering.
You could remember the term from graphics processing software and interfaces relevant to palettes - e.g. conversion to fewer colours, GIF, etc. It was more frequent when we had less colours...

Quote:
Originally Posted by utkarshj View Post
and is there a way to enable the A2 dither mode in my device
I would have guessed that a 2017+ firmware may have implemented the feature...
I am pretty sure it is in the firmware, not in the hardware.
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Old 01-12-2018, 01:58 PM   #11
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For fun, you could also try a renderer in ASCII-art ; )
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Old 01-17-2018, 01:37 AM   #12
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Results of my testing:
Dithering produces the best results. Almost like the clip you posted.
Resize> greyscale> dither filters. (reduce fps)
But an hour long video exceeds 4- 5GBs. And compressing it removes the dither artifacts, defeating the purpose.
Hence this technique is not usuable for watching long videos, unless this is done on the fly as on your device.

Halftone does not give good results.
Hope Dithered A2 update is released for C67ML.


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Old 01-17-2018, 04:10 AM   #13
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Quote:
Originally Posted by utkarshj View Post
But an hour long video exceeds 4- 5GBs. And compressing it removes the dither artifacts, defeating the purpose.
You attacked the problem from the losing side, and I did not realize it.
You should write a plugin for VLC (or any other good player), that translates blocks of colour into dithered blocks.
Not different from a real-time ASCII-art renderer (instead of punctuation you have differently dense salt-and-pepper rectangles). Funny I mentioned it earlier.

There should be a few ASCII-art plugins around, so one could just modify a good one - to get a quick hack that does its job.

Of course, a good implementation on a firmware would be great. MaxCarta and Max2 have it. And it is a more effective impiementation than the one I described here, in general.

EDIT: I am not sure that VLC for Android has plugins. Probably ExoPlayer is the good one.
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Old 01-27-2018, 09:06 PM   #14
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Quote:
Originally Posted by utkarshj View Post
I had an idea, since A2 mode has a pretty good fps, it could be used to watch videos
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How fast is the FPS, is it as smooth as in this video (after he turns phone over to the eink side)??

https://youtu.be/OxsTRup3Z80
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Old 01-28-2018, 01:17 PM   #15
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Waiting4somethin View Post
How fast is the FPS, is it as smooth as in this video
[a Yotaphone 2]
It looks to me (rough measurements, the video is emotional and the phone holder could not take it and shook like a willow) like 8fps, which means 125ms/frame so it reached the limit of A2 speed on EPD (as I know it). Very nice.

To see video as played on the Max2, check the thread I just opened: Video on the Max2.

In the past, we measured it as 4fps - with old devices; the Max2 can do at least around 6-and-a-half fps.
The numbers alone can be misleading, so check the effect.

I am not showing dynamic clips because I do not believe that is the correct medium - whereas I see the use for didactic material and I from time to time exploit it.
Last edited by mdp; 02-03-2018 at 03:24 AM. Reason: Corrected partial information
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