PDF's... you're just plain out of luck. But you can sync the Furthest Read Page of non-Amazon mobi's (but not notes, highlights, or bookmarks) fairly easily.
Check these various threads for details:
https://www.mobileread.com/forums/sho...d.php?t=113315
https://www.mobileread.com/forums/sho...d.php?t=138462
P.S. at one point, mobi2mobi was the only tool you could use to achieve this, but calibre is capable of doing it a lot more easily, so read the various threads for WHAT needs to be modified in the mobi's, but focus on the calibre sections for the HOW.