EPUB container

[Daniele Giampà]

Hello

I have a question about a video that I embedded in the introduction of my EPUB3 ebook "Tape Mark 3": https://edgedpub.com/sample_work_6.php

The EPUB-Checker shows me 2 errors (see attachment) that are related to the video on line 173 of the file introduction.xhtml.

<div>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8i7uFCK7G0o" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>
</div>

I looked for explanations about Error RSC-006 regarding the EPUB container.
On the web page Anatomy of an EPU3 file I read that the file container.xml is in the folder META-INF.

I have 3 questions:

1) Is there a problem with the iframe?

2) What does it mean that I have to "locate the resource in the EPUB container"?

3) How do I insert the video in the manifest? How do I write this line of code for the video?

<item id="..." href="..." media-type="video/..."/>



Thank you for your help.
Daniele

[Quoth]

1) Maybe. If the video was in the ebook, you'd not need an iFrame.
2) The video is a link to YouTube. You do that on a Website. The video needs to be in the ebook, (which makes it interactive media and not really an ebook)
3) You need a video file, not a link, so, no href except to a file actually in the ebook.

You have not embedded a video in an ebook. You have used epub3 as if it's a web-page. You have only put a link to a video. You need the actual video file.

An ebook might have a link to a publisher's web site or something. But the actual ebook, entire, has to work on its own without the internet, otherwise you might as well offer a link to a website with the iframe and whatever else is in the ebook.

Most distributors of ebooks and ereaders and ereader apps won't do video.

You can do loads of stuff with epub3, but not all of it makes sense as an ebook.

Putting a link to a video isn't embedding a video. It's embedding a link:
viz:


The above is your link embedded. The video isn't embedded on MobileRead but is still on YouTube.

[Quoth]

Epub container is the zip file with all the resources.

Rename an epub to zip and an archive program will show all the files. However better to use Sigil to craft an epub3, if that's what you really need, rather than try to assemble the parts into an archive.

[Daniele Giampà]

Many thanks, Quoth.

The initial idea was to link the EPUB with an external page. Now I will think about what I want to do with the video and then choose an option.

[KevinH]

If it is an epub3, and if the remote resource is an actual video and not a link to a web page with the video embedded, simply go to the opf manifest for this file and add "remote-resources" under properties. This tells the ereader that that specific xhtml page accesses a remote resource.

Then add a manifest entry to point to the remote resource.

Something like the following example:

<item id="content_001" href="content_001.xhtml" media-type="application/xhtml+xml" properties="remote-resources"/>

<item id="outside-resource" href="https://www.myserver.com/myvideo.mp4" media-type="video/mp4" />

But you must use a video tag in your xhtml and not an iframe as iframe's are viewed as a security issue by the epub3 spec.

If the video is small enough, just hosting it inside the epub will work just fine.

[Quoth]

Originally Posted by KevinH

If it is an epub3, and if the remote resource is an actual video and not a link to a web page with the video embedded, simply go to the opf manifest for this file and add "remote-resources" under properties. This tells the ereader that that specific xhtml page accesses a remote resource.

Then add a manifest entry to point to the remote resource.

Yes, that works but is pointless. What you have is useless without the internet and a decent webpage will work better, without having to find an epub3 app that does multimedia.

There are many things that work in epub3 that simply use epub3 as a kind of app framework for an epub3 app (player), but that doesn't mean that they are genuine ebooks that can be distributed as ebooks.
A PDF is an electronic document, not an ebook. Simulating that in epub3 or kfx etc doesn't make a real ebook (reflowable), but just something that on Amazon doesn't use Adobe DRM.
You can make a perfectly working interactive multimedia presentation with epub3, but it's not an ebook, even though epub3 can be used to produce perfect ebooks with extra sematics for TTS compared to epub2, or "prettier" and more complex layout.

So epub3 allows broadly 4 kinds of things:

1. An ebook that still works fine on an epub2 renderer.
2. An ebook that only works (or properly works) on an epub3 renderer.
3. A fixed layout mimicking what a PDF does. Electronic, but not an ebook.
4. An interactive and/or multimedia experience. This is not an ebook. Available since later 1980s even on DOS. Frameworks for iOS/Android, but the epub3 is easier to learn. Some good programs to author since win 3.1 (not Powerpoint), oddly fewer now on Win1x as replaced by browser based authoring.

#1 will redistribute on all ebook platforms
#2 will redistribute on some ebook plaforms
#3 will redistribute on Amazon as a Kindle ebook, but of eink Kindles, only to the Scribe.
#4 will not redistribute as an ebook. It needs a compliant epub3 app.

Anything with major or important content online (i.e. anything more than link to publisher or other books) is better as either a web page or an app that needs the internet. It's not a ebook and no-one will distribute it as an ebook. It's also useless without the internet.

[Quoth]

Originally Posted by KevinH

But you must use a video tag in your xhtml and not an iframe as iframe's are viewed as a security issue by the epub3 spec.

I banned use of iframe in company I worked in over 20 years ago. The idiot was using it to reuse content from someone else's site in our web site.

They are also used to serve adverts which later can server malware.

Originally Posted by KevinH

If the video is small enough, just hosting it inside the epub will work just fine.

Which is what I suggested. That way it works forever. Though it's still not a real ebook.
It's storing, not hosting. It's an epub3, not a web site.

Any static distribution / app that needs a remote resource is better done as an app or best is as a web site. What happens if YouTube (or other provider) takes down the video? What happens if the user loses the internet connection?

[KevinH]

You and I will disagree on that. An epub3 with audio and/or video is a real ebook and works with decent epub3 ereaders which now are common and are easy to find.

Readium, Thorium, iBooks, etc, to name just a few.

IMHO, you are too fixated in old epub2. The world has moved on from that.

[Quoth]

Originally Posted by KevinH

You and I will disagree on that. An epub3 with audio and/or video is a real ebook and works with decent epub3 ereaders which now are common and are easy to find.

Readium, Thorium, iBooks, etc, to name just a few.

IMHO, you are too fixated in old epub2. The world has moved on from that.

It's a real epub3. But not a book as we know it. Humpty Dumpty.

It's not about epub2 vs epub3. It's about what constitutes an ebook.

We've had ebooks AND multimedia for about 40 years. Using epub3 as the spec or tool to make a multimedia / interactive title doesn't mean it's an ebook.

PDFs, Fixed layout Kindle, Fixed layout epub3 and multimedia (built wiith pure epub3 or any other way) are not ebooks.

Web pages are also not ebooks, though you can display an ebook or a PDF in a browser. I use Okular for PDFs and sometimes ebooks. I only use the browser for web pages.

There are loads of programs and apps that can render or play things in totally different categories.

Readium, Thorium, iBooks, etc can display things that are not ebooks. So can Pocketbook app and it has aspects of PDF reading/viewing better than Xodo, thought of as a PDF viewer. Xodo is also and image viewer, but that doesn't mean those images are PDFs.

Epub3 certainly has some improved semantics for real ebooks that are read by TTS, but not everything you can create with epub3 is a real ebook.

See also HTML. Not everything made with HTML is a webpage.

Java can be used to make a desktop program or be part of the server side of a website.

The more powerful a tool the more things can be made.

Postscript is useful, but not all postscript is in PDFs and a PDF might have no postscript.
PDFs have been extended with javascript to be used as interactive forms which is stupid compared to proper website. A stupid decision and no use for the original purpose. I have Javascript disabled by default in all PDF viewers for about 20+ years, and PDF viewing disabled in browsers since it was enabled.

Sure, do interactive multimedia using epub3. But call it what it is, Interactive Multimedia. A thing that has existed a decade or more before mobi or the precursor of epub2 (1998-1999 OEBPS). The epub3 is version 3 of OEBPS and only became a multimedia authoring tool because W3C took over epub2. A natural thing for them to do.

[KevinH]

That is pure semantics. An e-book by almost any modern definition can include audio and video and even limited javascript for interactivity. Thus the "e-". Your definition and my definition of "e-book" differ but yours is out of date in my opinion.

But to each their own.

[JSWolf]

Originally Posted by Daniele Giampà

Many thanks, Quoth.

The initial idea was to link the EPUB with an external page. Now I will think about what I want to do with the video and then choose an option.

Do you have permission to use this video?

[DiapDealer]

Originally Posted by JSWolf

Do you have permission to use this video?

No reason to assume they don't. Stop fishing.

[JSWolf]

Originally Posted by KevinH

That is pure semantics. An e-book by almost any modern definition can include audio and video and even limited javascript for interactivity. Thus the "e-". Your definition and my definition of "e-book" differ but yours is out of date in my opinion.

But to each their own.

IMHO, multimedia should never have been allowed in ePub 3. That's Apple buying the standard board.

[DNSB]

Hmmm... when we used Youtube videos in coursework, the following is a much shorter version of the verbiage the district lawyers came up with:

Is it legal to share a YouTube video with my students?

It is completely legal to use YouTube videos in your course (either shared by link or embedded) because the licensing that YouTube offers makes this possible. YouTube videos carry either the YouTube Standard License, or a Creative Commons BY CC-BY License. In order to use content from YouTube legally (films with either the YouTube Standard License or the CC-BY License), the licenses require users to give attribution to the creator of the work/copyright owner. The primary difference between the YouTube Standard License and the Creative Commons License is that you could actually modify or adapt a YouTube video with a Creative Commons License. YouTube videos are fine to use and share either by linking or embedding, but when using YouTube it's a good idea to make sure that the content itself is not infringing.

[Quoth]

Originally Posted by KevinH

That is pure semantics. An e-book by almost any modern definition can include audio and video and even limited javascript for interactivity. Thus the "e-". Your definition and my definition of "e-book" differ but yours is out of date in my opinion.

But to each their own.

Next March is the 40th anniversary of Multimedia via CD (only 650 Mbyte).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD-ROM#History

Pretending multimedia is an ebook simply confuses people and won't meet most distribution channels for ebooks. It suggests ignorance about ebooks and multimedia. Sony did have one multimedia book player in late 1990s, but it was a failure. Phones and Tablets play multimedia. A dedicated ebook reader does not.
Almost all ebooks sold have no multimedia.
Almost all multimedia titles sold are apps (as they have been for 40 years), though certainly epub3 can be used to author multimedia.
I know what multimedia is as I've been authoring it for 30 years as well as live audio and video recording, audio & video editing, even programming a game engine able to run a specialist script to create a multimedia title.
Insisting multimedia is an ebook because it's "authored" using epub3 is to stifle innovation and damage both the impact and marketability of ebooks and interactive multiimedia. Will you insist games are ebooks if an epub4 or epub5 adds sprites, real time 3D and other features that could be used to author real games?