03-16-2023, 07:36 AM | #31 | ||
the rook, bossing Never.
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Wales is broadly two areas in terms of English. England has four major regions (linguistically and ethnically), The North (Cumbria, Yorkshire, Northumberland), the West Country and the rest which includes the Home Counties and London. Scotland has maybe four variations of English as does Ireland, the Northern & NI English being like past of Scotland. In fact North East Ulster and part of Southwest Scotland was the Kingdom of Dalriada for nearly 1000 years. The British isles also has Manx, Cornish, Irish, Welsh, Doric and Ulster-Scots as well as now a lot of Polish and Chinese. This affects English. Webster and Académie Française are prescriptive. The OED reflects usage because real-life language changes with time. New words are added. Common separate word pairs become hyphenated and then a single compound word. Spelling drifts, though more slowly since Webster & Johnson. The so-called Pilgrims only brought some English to the Americas and they came from the Netherlands in 1608 because it was too free and they were losing young people. They had caused trouble in England since Henry VIII, which is why they were "persecuted" and went to Amsterdam. They were not representative of more than a minority of English speakers. People on the Mayflower had to sign to agree to be bound by the Puritan Elders (all male) even if not Puritans. They are not a good example. Many other groups settled in the Americas from Europe. Samuel Johnson published in 1755. It is among the most influential dictionaries in the history of the English language. That's nearly 150 years later. It's dubious that many English speakers in USA spoke or wrote like the Pilgrim Fathers by then. There was also Spanish, French and the native languages. Alaska and California both had Russian speakers. Alaska "sold" to USA in 1867. Noah Webster's Dictionary was 1806, about 50 years after Johnson and deliberately changed or ignored existing usage in the USA. It was totally prescriptive and many aspects were Webster's own prejudice. Quote:
A universal standard English was always a fantasy. Webster managed to largely impose this on White Americans. A Kenyan girl a few years ago with perfect English was bullied by "people of color" in her New York school. I know some Kenyans in Ireland and they speak perfect English, more so than local people. The USA has a few major flavours of English, but pretends they don't. Last edited by Quoth; 03-16-2023 at 07:47 AM. |
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03-16-2023, 07:56 AM | #32 |
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03-16-2023, 08:11 AM | #33 |
A Hairy Wizard
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There you go again - using the singular "y'all", when it should be plural - "all y'all"
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03-16-2023, 07:04 PM | #34 | |
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BR |
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03-17-2023, 07:13 AM | #35 |
the rook, bossing Never.
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Home Counties guys I met in 1970s: "There is no civilisation north of the Watford Gap"
My Belfast friend whispers to me, "Which mountain is that?" Me; "I've not been there, but I believe it's a petrol station or service area, not a mountain pass." |
03-17-2023, 09:31 PM | #36 |
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The expression's original form was "North of Watford Junction", which is on the outskirts of London about a 100km south of the Gap. In the '50s "North of St Albans" was used in London's east-end, not sure I knew Watford Gap even existed before the '70s. It probably shifted to Watford Gap because Watford Junction and St Albans excluded too much Tory Territory… Cotswolds, Chipping Norton etc etc.
It's now thought the Vikings never got beyond Watford Gap before meeting their Waterloo at Stamford Bridge (no, not that Stamford Bridge) FTR : "North of . . . " is UK rough equivalent to US Mason-Dixon line. BR |