Register Guidelines E-Books Today's Posts Search

Go Back   MobileRead Forums > E-Book Readers > Kobo Reader

Notices

Reply
 
Thread Tools Search this Thread
Old 04-13-2017, 11:01 PM   #16
davidfor
Grand Sorcerer
davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 24,905
Karma: 47303824
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Sydney, Australia
Device: Kobo:Touch,Glo, AuraH2O, GloHD,AuraONE, ClaraHD, Libra H2O; tolinoepos
Quote:
Originally Posted by koboy View Post
why is it any different from relying on the tiny little (internal) card inside the H2O?
You really thought I was suggesting to someone that had just done a factory reset of their device that keeping their books on the internal storage of a device was safer than keeping them on a micro SD card? But, as you are demonstrating your usual ability to understand posts here and respond in even a remotely useful manner:

Please everyone, don't only rely on your ereader or the micro SD card you use in your ereader for storing your books. Back them up. How depends on what you are comfortable with. A copy on your PC, an external hard drive, your home NAS, cloud storage, anything that you can later restore them from later if something happens to your ereader or that tiny little micro SD card
davidfor is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-13-2017, 11:15 PM   #17
koboy
Wizard
koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 1,198
Karma: 4027538
Join Date: May 2014
Device: Kobo Aura, Mini, Touch, Amazon Kindle.
Quote:
Originally Posted by davidfor View Post
You really thought I was suggesting to someone that had just done a factory reset of their device that keeping their books on the internal storage of a device was safer than keeping them on a micro SD card? But, as you are demonstrating your usual ability to understand posts here and respond in even a remotely useful manner:

Please everyone, don't only rely on your ereader or the micro SD card you use in your ereader for storing your books. Back them up. How depends on what you are comfortable with. A copy on your PC, an external hard drive, your home NAS, cloud storage, anything that you can later restore them from later if something happens to your ereader or that tiny little micro SD card
it seemed to me that you was stating the obvious, and you've just done it again, i would be very surprised if people reading this forum needed a reminder from you or anyone else to backup there books.

i suggest you should read (ALL) my posts before you decide if any of them are useful or not,if you still think none of them are useful then you are entitled to that opinion, i hope you understand of course it's not one that i share.

best wishes koboy

Last edited by koboy; 04-13-2017 at 11:28 PM.
koboy is offline   Reply With Quote
Advert
Old 04-13-2017, 11:49 PM   #18
davidfor
Grand Sorcerer
davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 24,905
Karma: 47303824
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Sydney, Australia
Device: Kobo:Touch,Glo, AuraH2O, GloHD,AuraONE, ClaraHD, Libra H2O; tolinoepos
Quote:
Originally Posted by koboy View Post
it seemed to me that you was stating the obvious, and you've just done it again, i would be very surprised if people reading this forum needed a reminder from you or anyone else to backup there books.
Read the post I was responding to. My response was to a statement in that post.

As to whether a reminder is needed for other people, I made a simple statement, you misinterpreted it, so yes, it is needed. Plus, there have been plenty of posts on MR demonstrating that people have not adequately backed up their books or other data.
Quote:
i suggest you should read (ALL) my posts before you decide if any of them are useful or not,if you still think none of them are useful then you are entitled to that opinion, i hope you understand of course it's not one that i share.
I'm pretty sure I have read all your posts in this forum. That is why I have developed the opinion I have about your posts. But, if you are referring to your posts between the one I replied to and when I replied, I did read them. And that was why I responded the way I did.

And in these posts you are demonstrating one of the problems I have with your posts. You are criticising me for not reading and understanding your posts. Which is exactly what you are doing about my posts.
davidfor is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-14-2017, 12:10 AM   #19
koboy
Wizard
koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 1,198
Karma: 4027538
Join Date: May 2014
Device: Kobo Aura, Mini, Touch, Amazon Kindle.
Quote:
Originally Posted by davidfor View Post
Read the post I was responding to. My response was to a statement in that post.

As to whether a reminder is needed for other people, I made a simple statement, you misinterpreted it.
misinterpreted it perhaps.

best wishes koboy

Last edited by koboy; 04-14-2017 at 01:23 AM.
koboy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-14-2017, 01:33 AM   #20
davidfor
Grand Sorcerer
davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 24,905
Karma: 47303824
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Sydney, Australia
Device: Kobo:Touch,Glo, AuraH2O, GloHD,AuraONE, ClaraHD, Libra H2O; tolinoepos
Quote:
Originally Posted by koboy View Post
misinterpreted it perhaps.
There is no "perhaps". Unless you can explain how I misinterpreted your response.

And just so you know, I saw your original response. It did nothing to change my opinion.
davidfor is offline   Reply With Quote
Advert
Old 04-14-2017, 01:53 AM   #21
koboy
Wizard
koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 1,198
Karma: 4027538
Join Date: May 2014
Device: Kobo Aura, Mini, Touch, Amazon Kindle.
Quote:
Originally Posted by davidfor View Post
There is no "perhaps". Unless you can explain how I misinterpreted your response.

And just so you know, I saw your original response. It did nothing to change my opinion.
you said you saw my original response so there is a perhaps as far as i'm concerned.

but i do believe if you can't say anything nice then don't say anything at all, unless it's absolutely necessary and in this instance it isn't.

regarding changing opinion likewise.

best wishes koboy

Last edited by koboy; 04-14-2017 at 02:05 AM.
koboy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-14-2017, 03:06 AM   #22
davidfor
Grand Sorcerer
davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 24,905
Karma: 47303824
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Sydney, Australia
Device: Kobo:Touch,Glo, AuraH2O, GloHD,AuraONE, ClaraHD, Libra H2O; tolinoepos
Quote:
Originally Posted by koboy View Post
you said you saw my original response so there is a perhaps as far as i'm concerned.
How is there a "perhaps"? I made a statement, you interpreted that and made a statement in reply. I questioned your statement and made a clarifying statement about my original statement. At this point, either you misinterpreted my original statement and hence no "perhaps", or you are calling me a liar.

I suppose it could be because I misinterpreted your original response to me. But, your other posts suggest that I didn't.

If the "perhaps" was because of the statement in your edited post about the tone of my post, then, firstly, the tone you accused me of was not intended, and I don't see it. But, I will apologise to patrick9 if patrick9 or someone, other than you, suggests I should. Secondly, tone and meaning are different things. I believe the meaning was obvious in the context. I have explained the meaning. There is no "perhaps" in your misinterpretation.
Quote:
but i do believe if you can't say anything nice then don't say anything at all, unless it's absolutely necessary and in this instance it isn't.
And yet you took the effort to make the post in the first place and left it there for a reasonable amount of time.
davidfor is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-14-2017, 12:49 PM   #23
koboy
Wizard
koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 1,198
Karma: 4027538
Join Date: May 2014
Device: Kobo Aura, Mini, Touch, Amazon Kindle.
Quote:
Originally Posted by davidfor View Post
How is there a "perhaps"? I made a statement, you interpreted that and made a statement in reply. I questioned your statement and made a clarifying statement about my original statement. At this point, either you misinterpreted my original statement and hence no "perhaps", or you are calling me a liar.

I suppose it could be because I misinterpreted your original response to me. But, your other posts suggest that I didn't.

If the "perhaps" was because of the statement in your edited post about the tone of my post, then, firstly, the tone you accused me of was not intended, and I don't see it. But, I will apologise to patrick9 if patrick9 or someone, other than you, suggests I should. Secondly, tone and meaning are different things. I believe the meaning was obvious in the context. I have explained the meaning. There is no "perhaps" in your misinterpretation.

And yet you took the effort to make the post in the first place and left it there for a reasonable amount of time.
patrick9 was happy that he had put his books on the (external) SD card rather than the (internal which real is the tiny little card) it seemed to me that you was denigrating that decision.

i agree meaning and tone are two very different things therefore they are open to individual interpretation (like it or not) i will reserve the right to have mine.

people can and will decide your meaning and tone on your posts for themselves as i have done, as indeed they are most welcome to do so with mine.

best wishes koboy

Last edited by koboy; 04-14-2017 at 09:16 PM.
koboy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-15-2017, 12:48 AM   #24
davidfor
Grand Sorcerer
davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 24,905
Karma: 47303824
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Sydney, Australia
Device: Kobo:Touch,Glo, AuraH2O, GloHD,AuraONE, ClaraHD, Libra H2O; tolinoepos
Quote:
Originally Posted by koboy View Post
patrick9 was happy that he had put his books on the (external) SD card rather than the (internal which real is the tiny little card) it seemed to me that you was denigrating that decision.

i agree meaning and tone are two very different things therefore they are open to individual interpretation (like it or not) i will reserve the right to have mine.

people can and will decide your meaning and tone on your posts for themselves as i have done, as indeed they are most welcome to do so with mine.
I was right, you are calling me a liar.

Yes, you can have an opinion about something. And it is fair enough to express an opinion that I might have overstepped the mark in a post. But, I have explained the intent of that post, and have continued to express your opinion about the intent of that first post. I can only see this as an insult and you calling me a liar. And with that, much to my surprise, you have managed to lower my opinion of you even further.


@patrick9: My apologies for the direction this thread has taken. And my apologies especially if you found my initial comment out of line or insulting in any way. That was not my intention.
davidfor is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-15-2017, 02:23 AM   #25
kido.resuri
Groupie
kido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura aboutkido.resuri has a spectacular aura about
 
Posts: 172
Karma: 4282
Join Date: Dec 2016
Location: Hungary
Device: Kobo Aura H2O
I interpreted davidfor's post that he suggested making backups of the books and not to rely on SD cards, be it internal or external.
kido.resuri is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-15-2017, 11:14 AM   #26
koboy
Wizard
koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 1,198
Karma: 4027538
Join Date: May 2014
Device: Kobo Aura, Mini, Touch, Amazon Kindle.
Quote:
Originally Posted by davidfor View Post
I was right, you are calling me a liar.

Yes, you can have an opinion about something. And it is fair enough to express an opinion that I might have overstepped the mark in a post. But, I have explained the intent of that post, and have continued to express your opinion about the intent of that first post. I can only see this as an insult and you calling me a liar. And with that, much to my surprise, you have managed to lower my opinion of you even further.


@patrick9: My apologies for the direction this thread has taken. And my apologies especially if you found my initial comment out of line or insulting in any way. That was not my intention.
i also would like to offer my sincere apologies to @patrick9 on how the original post as veered off track.

please don't try and put words into my mouth at no stage on any of my posts have i insulted you or called you a liar, if i have done so please point me to where i have written it? it is your interpretation/opinion that i have insulted you and called you a liar both of which are FACTUALLY INCORRECT.

like i've already said it seemed to me (my interpretation) that you was being sarcastic/tone to patrick9, rightly or wrongly that was my opinion when i first read it, which is why i made my first post and here we still are.

you said that it wasn't your intention to be sarcastic/tone, then fair enough thank you for clearing up (my misinterpretation) of your, Relying on that tiny little card probably isn't the best idea, comment.

i'm sure we both have better things to do (i know i have) i think it's best to draw a line under my misinterpretation of your tone because that's all it was on this occasion, so if you please don't mind i will try and do just that, here's the line _______________ au revoir.

best wishes koboy

Last edited by koboy; 04-15-2017 at 08:21 PM.
koboy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-15-2017, 11:18 AM   #27
koboy
Wizard
koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 1,198
Karma: 4027538
Join Date: May 2014
Device: Kobo Aura, Mini, Touch, Amazon Kindle.
Quote:
Originally Posted by kido.resuri View Post
I interpreted davidfor's post that he suggested making backups of the books and not to rely on SD cards, be it internal or external.
thank you for sharing your opinion, i also do backups on other storage devices not just on SD cards.

best wishes koboy
koboy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-15-2017, 09:33 PM   #28
davidfor
Grand Sorcerer
davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 24,905
Karma: 47303824
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Sydney, Australia
Device: Kobo:Touch,Glo, AuraH2O, GloHD,AuraONE, ClaraHD, Libra H2O; tolinoepos
Quote:
Originally Posted by koboy View Post
please don't try and put words into my mouth at no stage on any of my posts have i insulted you or called you a liar, if i have done so please point me to where i have written it? it is your interpretation/opinion that i have insulted you and called you a liar both of which are FACTUALLY INCORRECT.
No, you have not come out and stated that I am a liar. But, you stated your opinion of what my original intention was. I then explained what my intention had been. You then stated that your opinion hadn't changed. That is calling me a liar.
Quote:
like i've already said it seemed to me (my interpretation) that you was being sarcastic/tone to patrick9, rightly or wrongly that was my opinion when i first read it, which is why i made my first post and here we still are.
At no time have you accused me of being sarcastic. In the post you edited, you accused me of being patronising and condescending. Very different things.
Quote:
you said that it wasn't your intention to be sarcastic/tone, then fair enough thank you for clearing up (my misinterpretation) of your, Relying on that tiny little card probably isn't the best idea, comment.
And thank you for admitting that.
Quote:
i'm sure we both have better things to do (i know i have) i think it's best to draw a line under my misinterpretation of your tone because that's all it was on this occasion, so if you please don't mind i will try and do just that, here's the line _______________ au revoir.
Probably a good idea.
davidfor is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-15-2017, 09:48 PM   #29
koboy
Wizard
koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.koboy ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 1,198
Karma: 4027538
Join Date: May 2014
Device: Kobo Aura, Mini, Touch, Amazon Kindle.
Quote:
Originally Posted by davidfor View Post
No, you have not come out and stated that I am a liar. But, you stated your opinion of what my original intention was. I then explained what my intention had been. You then stated that your opinion hadn't changed. That is calling me a liar.

At no time have you accused me of being sarcastic. In the post you edited, you accused me of being patronising and Very different things.

And thank you for admitting that.


Probably a good idea.
i did include sarcastic along with condescending and patronising in fact the exact order was (condescending,patronising,sarcastic) but you are right the first two showed very bad judgement on my part,which is why i deleted my response accordingly, i don't have any problem in admitting when i get something wrong which in this instance was the case.

best wishes koboy

Last edited by koboy; 04-15-2017 at 09:57 PM.
koboy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 04-15-2017, 11:14 PM   #30
davidfor
Grand Sorcerer
davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.davidfor ought to be getting tired of karma fortunes by now.
 
Posts: 24,905
Karma: 47303824
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Sydney, Australia
Device: Kobo:Touch,Glo, AuraH2O, GloHD,AuraONE, ClaraHD, Libra H2O; tolinoepos
Quote:
Originally Posted by koboy View Post
i did include sarcastic along with condescending and patronising in fact the exact order was (condescending,patronising,sarcastic) but you are right the first two showed very bad judgement on my part,which is why i deleted my response accordingly, i don't have any problem in admitting when i get something wrong which in this instance was the case.
You definitely DID NOT include sarcastic. The exact quote was:

Quote:
ever so slightly (condescending patronizing tone) that
No mention of sarcasm. If you want, I can post all of your original post. I kept a copy for exactly this reason. Or did I miss an edit where you added "sarcastic" before you decided to delete it altogether?
davidfor is offline   Reply With Quote
Reply


Forum Jump

Similar Threads
Thread Thread Starter Forum Replies Last Post
Kobo aura h2o display on aura hd? gezzer Kobo Developer's Corner 3 02-22-2017 10:32 AM
Ended New Kobo Aura H2O komugi Flea Market 4 01-16-2017 11:25 AM
Trade Want Kobo Aura H2O Techno Flea Market 3 06-28-2015 01:23 AM
Buy Kobo Aura and/or Aura H2O kobayashi Flea Market 4 02-04-2015 11:03 PM
Replacing Nook Simple Touch: Onyx T68 vs Kobo Aura vs Kobo Aura H2O iNovelReader Which one should I buy? 0 10-28-2014 01:40 AM


All times are GMT -4. The time now is 07:57 AM.


MobileRead.com is a privately owned, operated and funded community.