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Old 01-26-2023, 06:32 AM   #1
skil-phil
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TOC question
Why do some books require a nav.xhtml file when there is already a toc.ncx file?
I have one book that gives an error if there is no nav.xhtml file and it gets created when I create a TOC from files.
Other books do not require the file even when deleted.
Thanks
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Old 01-26-2023, 06:43 AM   #2
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A navigation document is required for EPUB3 books (check the version attribute for <package> in the OPF file.)
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Old 01-26-2023, 06:57 AM   #3
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Thanks Sarmat
The version is 3.
The .opf contains entries for both files.
<item id="nav" href="../nav.xhtml" media-type="application/xhtml+xml" properties="nav"/>
<item href="toc.ncx" id="ncx" media-type="application/x-dtbncx+xml"/>
Why does it need both.
Also when opening the file in Foliate the navigation does not work but does in e-book viewer.
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Old 01-26-2023, 08:25 AM   #4
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Done some reading and think I have sorted it out.
epub2 requires a toc.ncx file.
epub3 requires a toc.xhtml file and can also have a toc.ncx file.
This right?
Does not explain why the navigation in Foliate does not work with an epub3 file. Foliate problem?
Thanks
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Old 01-26-2023, 12:55 PM   #5
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If Foliate does not use the NAV when properly specified in the OPF manifest, then it simply is not an epub 3 compliant reader. It probably just supports epub 2. Older readers like that are why some epub devs include a fully parallel NCX and OPF guide in their epub 3s to make them more compatible with old epub2 only readers.

Perhaps a good epub3 reader that handles epub2 would be an improvement. If so try Thorium. It exists for Windows, Mac, and Linux desktops and is very spec compliant.
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Old 01-26-2023, 01:00 PM   #6
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Quote:
Originally Posted by skil-phil View Post
Done some reading and think I have sorted it out.
epub2 requires a toc.ncx file.
epub3 requires a toc.xhtml file and can also have a toc.ncx file.
This right?
Does not explain why the navigation in Foliate does not work with an epub3 file. Foliate problem?
Thanks
That is correct. The toc.ncx file in an epub3 is for backwards compatibility if you open the book on an epub2 device.

If you have tested it with another epub renderer, it's likely a Foliate problem. Have you posted on the issues section on it's GitHub page?

Personally, I've been using Thorium as an epub reader with Linux.
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Old 01-27-2023, 12:18 AM   #7
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Thanks David, Kevin.
Have just installed Thorium. Simple and the navigation works with the problem file.
Problem solved.

Phil
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