You're fine, the only difference for you is that every time you use cover(..., as_path=True) a temp file is created and the cover is copied to it. The tempfile is automatically deleted when you close calibre.
I would suggest that you use a single call to both get the cover data and test for its existence, like this:
Code:
cover_data = db.cover(row, index_is_id=False, as_path=False)
if cover_data is None:
# no cover present
else:
# cover present
And let me emphasize that the changes should not break any existing plugins. The worst that will happen is that a plugin will run slower and create lots of temp files.