Yes.
It is even mentioned in the FAQ for Calibre that you should not use networked/shared folders for Calibre libraries.
But note that LibreOffice is available for Windows as well. I suspect your problems accessing Excel files from LibreCalc most likely is not related to different handling of upper/lower case in file names and paths.
I have stopped using Windows and now just use Linux (and Android).
Another less drastic way could be to only use for instance a Linux workstation/server to host the Calibre software. Calibre has an excellent content server you can access from other devices over a network. Locally on a LAN or even on the internet.