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I'm certain that (public, gov't funded) libraries in the US don't face specific restrictions on what books they can have--they just might have contracts and regulations to deal with how they buy them, in order to give the publishers a record of what books are popular at libraries.
It's possible that they don't buy from the local bookstore because they get wholesale pricing direct from the publisher. They *could* stock any books, but some might be outside of the range of interests of their local community, or just too expensive: an import of a (presumably nifty) book not published in the US might cost $150, and they might instead prefer to spend that money on five or six other books.
Libraries might also have some restrictions in how they deal with "adult" materials, however those are defined by the local community.
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