Photons are photons, right? (In the visible range, anyway.) If you have a screen that emits a comparable amount of light (measured in lumens) to that reflected by a white page in a well-lit room, the effect on your eyes should be similar.
I've been nearsighted since I was 12, probably in part from reading a lot, but some of it is likely to be hereditary. When I read for any length of time (paper or a dedicated reader), I don't wear my glasses. This seems to help my overall vision, as the lens muscles in my eyes get more exercise in focusing farther away. If I leave my glasses on and read, then look up at something at a distance, it can take a while to be able to focus.
My computer screens tend to be nearly a meter away from my face, so I leave my glasses on when working with the computer. When I use my laptop, however, the distance is just far enough that it's uncomfortable to read without glasses, but tends to affect my distance vision if I wear them. This seems like the worst combination.
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