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The European Convention on Human Rights states: "Men and women of marriageable age have the right to marry and to found a family" [Article 12].
But this is generally interpreted as a negative right: no one should stop a couple from founding a family. Few states interpret it as a positive right: that the state has a duty to provide reproductive assistance for the infertile.
Arguably, the population in developing states is going through the same period of demographic transition that industrialised states went through in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Before industrialisation, children were a resource. A family could set children to work at an early age. So they would have large familes. Many of the children would die young. But one or two would survive to support their parents through old age.
But one of the benefits of the industrial revolution was that states could afford better healthcare. In the UK it took several generations before the message got through. Hence my grandfather was one of 12 children. I have 2 siblings; but only one child. Children are no longer a resource in the developed world. Instead they are becoming a luxury.
Meanwhile, in the developing countries, people are in the intermediate stage where they are not yet confident that the state (or a work-related pension) will provide for their old age. Children are still seen as a resource. Throwing condoms at the problem will not help. Educating women and giving them equal rights (and enforcing those rights) is generally seen as the best way to move forward. People need a good reason to limit the size of their families. If women are in a position to earn an income sufficient to provide for a small family, with a strong probability that all their children will survive to adulthood, then they are more likely to decide on smaller families with a better quality of life for each child.
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