See
https://www.mobileread.com/forums/sh...d.php?t=144711
PDFs are for print, proofing print and print replica. They are not meant to be changed, converted or edited in anyway. They are not ebooks.
There are multiple kinds, at one extreme are images only, and the other is lines of text, each at a specific place on a specified page size.
Some have images of the text (from a scan) and a searchable text layer full of errors as it's been automatically created and not proof read by OCR software.
There is no one solution. IMO it's outside the scope of Calibre.
I might use k2pdfopt, The GIMP or LO Draw to do something to a PDF on Linux. Sometimes all I can do is crop and adjust contrast.
Or hope someone produces a real ebook.