You might get close to what you want using calibre's "Additional restrictions". These create an unnamed VL based on the current search or a saved search. For example:
- Search for tags:=whatever
- Click the Virtual library button
- Click "Additional restriction"
- Choose "Current search"
The tag browser will show the information for the books matched by the search.
Change it to "None" to reset it back.
EDIT: a plugin can set the additional restriction. The View manager plugin does it. For example, a plugin could offer keyboard shortcuts to set it to current search or to clear it, saving a few clicks.
EDIT2: you could also do this with the Action chains plugin, with an action that runs Python code to set/clear the additional restriction.