I only have 2 standouts from the new to me books I read this year. Neither of which were published this year. I've also got a short story that was though.
The first is a novella that won both the Hugo and the Nebula in 2016 (and a Locus Award finalist). The two following novellas were also Hugo and Locus Award nominees too. It was a fantastic read from a perspective I haven't experienced before and certainly the first of many of her books that I will read:
Binti by Nnedi Okafor
The second is one I've praised before in the What Are You Reading thread. It was first published in the late 1950s in Hong Kong and has become a very beloved wuxia classic. (Wuxia is "martial heroes" a stylized take on martial arts adventures. The movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon may be the best known wuxia film in the US.) It has been adapted for film 4 times (with a couple sequels) and for television in 5 different series. It's also been turned into a comic and a video game. I listened to this as an audiobook and really appreciated that format. More familiarity with pronunciations would have been needed for me to enjoy this in print.
The Legend of the Condor Heroes by Jin Yong
Since I asked about books published this year. I only read three books that were published this year (and several short stories). The books were good but nothing stood out. Of the short stories,
Family Cooking by AnaMaria Curtis was excellent. I listened to it on the LeVar Burton reads podcast but the link will take you to Uncanny Magazine where it was first published.