Also, the two errors shown are different. The first is something going wrong after the connection to the server has started. The second is the DNS not being able to resolve the host name. As the second is happening when running Windows in safe-mode, it is very likely that the network configuration in safe mode is different. That it could be using a different DNS, or none at all.
Searching for the error, this could be a network timeout and Windows is closing the connection with this error. Which could also be caused by the usual suspects (anti-whatever or a firewall) getting in the way. I think it could also be a proxy timing out.
Can you test a different network path? Using the phone as a hotspot is usually good as that usually changes a lot of the network path.
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