Missing DOCTYPE
This was discussed numerous times here. According to the spec, a doctype is required for html5 and it says in the epub3 spec it inherits all structural rules of html5 unless explicit stated otherwise and a doctype exception is never listed.
As for epub2, the doctype is where named entities are specified in xhtml and therefore required, since Sigil allows a specific set of common named entities to be used.
And epubcheck has a few bugs related to whether to detect if a doctype is missing or not.
Sigil requires them based on the current epub 3.0.1, 3.1, and 3.2 spec. And because if a future epub spec allows us to use html (as is being discussed) adding a doctype will future proof things. Furthermore a doctype is universally accepted (nothing ever rejects an epub because it has a doctype).
BTW, those samples are old and use many things now deprecated and discouraged.
See this earlier post that cites the specs:
https://www.mobileread.com/forums/sh...6&postcount=40