Meaningful in terms of what?
Human interaction and the definition of what it is to be human?
Candidates include: _I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream_ and _More than Human_
What humanity should and should not do?
_The Lathe of Heaven_ or _The Forever Hero_ trilogy (Dawn for a Distant Earth, In Endless Twilight, The Silent Warrior)
The consequences of technology?
Hal Clement is good for that, see the collection _Space Lash_, esp. "Raindrop" and "The Mechanic" (the latter also plays well to the matter of what defines humanity in terms of medicine).
For the problem of computer science, I've always found _The Moon is a Harsh Mistress_ a guilty pleasure, but not much else written on that is as meaningful, save maybe Marshall Brain's novella _Manna_
https://marshallbrain.com/manna1 (which has all the subtlety of getting clubbed by a baseball bat).
Arguably the best example of what a novel is about altering it is comparing the initial draft of Barry Hughart's _The Bridge of Birds_
http://barryhughart.org/bobdraft/chapter1.html with the published novel