AFAIR, you can download the book from CloudLibrary to your computer as a epub with Adobe DRM applied if you used your Adobe ID. You could then use calibre with the DeDRM plugin to allow you to import the epub and convert it to azw3 to be sent to your Kindle. Well, you could use mobi as well but mobi is horribly out of date and very limited.
You may have fun locating the downloaded books on your Windows PC -- last time I looked, it used something like C:\Users\%username%\AppData\Roaming\Bibliotheca\ cloudLibrary\PROD\ebooks\ (%username% is a Windows variable which returns the username (shock!)).
I would strongly suggest that you abide by the original terms of the library loan which means deleting the book from calibre and your Kindle on or before it's expiry date.
For more information on the DeDRM tools, google Apprentice Alf and Apprentice Harper.
This advice is oriented towards using your Windows 7 VM. Doing this under Linux would be more fun.
BTW, your link needs a username/password.
