I think there are studies that confirmed a negative effect of flickering. There is also a physiological explanation. However, the question what flicker rate is safe is not so clear.
Quoting from a link I have shared much earlier in this thread: “[...] flicker is no longer perceived consciously but it can nevertheless have effects on our neurological system. This is because the optic nerve and the cortex can detect stimuli up to 160 Hz, depending on modulation and wave form. In the retina itself stimuli up to 200 Hz have been identified in tests.”
Even with a higher frequency, when interfering with other light sources or optical stimuli, negative effects have been found in studies. Another quote from the same link: “It is strongly recommended that LEDs should be operated above 3 kHz because at this frequency no evidence has been found of any effects on humans.”
I didn’t have the impression that these kind of studies are paid-for bogus studies either (the link quoted is based on an industry recommendation from the IEEE)
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