I'm not aware of Windows logging USB events by default. Certainly not in event viewer. You'd probably have to set a debug/verbose flag somewhere.
However there are a lot of third-party utilities that will do so e.g.
USB logview or
Event Ghost.
edit: An USB connect/disconnect log can be found using event viewer to parse the 'Microsoft/Windows/DriverFrameworks-UserMode/Operational' event log. Logging is not enabled by default, details
here on how to enable logging.
MS appears to recommend this utility:
USB Hardware Verifier for more in depth troubleshooting.