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Yes, but DEBs are usually more fine-grained. I believe APK often include code libraries.
Actually calibre is a good example of an app that is distributed as a binary package together with most of the dependencies. Kovid did this the "hard" way, well before there were "standard" ways to include dependencies using snaps, flatpaks or appimages. And it works fine. That means tha Kovid don't have to get calibre working on every variant of Linux there is. He can be sure exactly what code libraries are available, since they are included with calibre.
If somebody gets a windows program working in Linux, using wine, then the windows program can be distributed as a flatpak, for instance, complete with correctly configured wine to make it work OK. ("wine" stands for "Wine is Not an Emulator. And it is (almost?) a windows environment emulator.)
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