look at it this way: you have 4 suspects- the PC [hardware] , the Kobo, the cable, & the transfer software(calibre)
the easiest 2 tests are to change the cable and /or change the connection ( i.e. use a different USB port). those are unlikely to make matters any worse, and one or the other may fix the issue.
if not they you are looking for ways to take the others out of the loop or bypass them i e.g. test on a friends PC or sideload the books using windows + usb without using calibre....
you can also try disabling all anti virus in case that is interfering or slowing stuff down so much that calibre gives up and disconnects. I am unsure if calibre can be tweaked to wait longer or retry more often before stopping with an IO error.
many people exclude the calibre library folder from AV scans and checks, as any books will be checked when they arrive elsewhere on the PC, before going through an add to library process
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