Not all SSDs use Flash memory, but most do. The NAND chips in SSD are usually much higher quality than those found in USB sticks etc. More recent SSDs don't use a SATA interface which was designed for spinning disk devices - instead they use PCIe (same as video cards), often with a M.2 package (something like a memory stick).
Intel's Optane devices (high speed solid state non-volatile memory) use a different chip architecture known as 3D XPoint memory. Faster and costlier - mainly used in data centres.
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