You might get better "esoteric" Unicode coverage from the Sans variant than the Serif one.
(Possibly stemming from the long history of Droid Sans).
I'll readily admit to not being sure how that actually applies to the problem at hand of mathematical symbols, though

.
EDIT: Given the fact that mathematical symbols appear in the SMP and that Noto is BMP only, that's going to be a hard no

.
Nothing in the Symbols variants, either, FWIW.
Time to dig up whatever font latex is using?
EDITē: Give
STIX a try?