Also the instruction says: Use the dust-absorber to absorb dust from the screen.
So this tape is probably the above mentioned dust-absorber.
In some videos you can clearly hear that a "cellotape" or "cello tape" or "Sellotape" is used.
Sellotape is a brand name, and cellotape is a generic name of a cellophane tape (a cellulose-based transparent adhesive tape). So, I guess, any such tape you might use when wrapping your Christmas gifts, etc.
There are more videos although not Note-specific. This video even has comments from a professional protector installer. How to remove dust particles after installing the protector:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvrgTT6GSPk
This one shows a shower:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LB3BQVqlXm0
A good idea to fix at the side:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8SYR9133TA
In two places for a large screen, so this is our case:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?annota...&v=Nx_7ad4takY
Removing dust particles and bubles afterwards (somewhat similar to the 1st one):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?annota...&v=Nus18lH4SkU
The last three videos seem to show a special dust absorbing tape instead of a generic cellotape.
There are many more videos on Youtube, not sure if I got the best ones.