Your symptoms are typical of faulty Anti-Malware/Anti-Virus software.
I suggest that you first unintall the current calibre and reinstall the previous version that worked. If that runs OK you should then:
- download a new copy of the current version of calibre
- disconnect from the Internet
- disable all AntiMalware and AntiVirus software. With some products this will require that you totally uninstall them.
- run the calibre installer to upgrade and then test it
- if calibre worked OK, the re-enable or reinstall you AntiMalware and/or AntiVirus software and retest calibre. If it now fails it is proof that your AntiMalware and/or AntiVirus apps have mistaken calibre for malware.
BTW, I would highly recommend that you upgrade your Windows 8 installation. If you want to avoid Windows10, fine. Upgrade to Win 8.1 instead.