I'm beginning to wonder whether this might be a hardware problem on the One added to a Windows 10 version 1703 problem.
I used to have occasional problems connecting my Aura One to the Surface Book. Usually disconnecting/reconnecting and/or raising a little the micro-usb plug in the One lodging, and/or trying several cables, and/or turning off/on the computer and/or the One worked, fairly quickly.
I've had problems with the Surface itself since the 1703 upgrade, increasingly, and I plan to reset it from scratch in September when my computer-savvy brother will be available - and I feel like my One connexion problem has increased a lot since then.
Just now I went through every method, and it's been a very painful connexion/disconnexion, with the PC itself and with Calibre with the usual error messages
Spoiler:
calibre, version 3.6.0
ERREUR : Erreur: Erreur pendant la communication avec le périphérique
IOError: disk I/O error
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "site-packages\calibre\gui2\device.py", line 88, in run
File "site-packages\calibre\gui2\device.py", line 511, in _books
File "site-packages\calibre\devices\kobo\driver.py", line 1766, in books
File "site-packages\calibre\devices\kobo\driver.py", line 2736, in get_bookshelflist
File "c:\t\t\apsw-9hooel\apsw-3.13.0-r1\src\cursor.c", line 236, in resetcursor
IOError: IOError: disk I/O error
but at long last the connexion managed to go through. I'm crossing my fingers that it won't drop until I'm done managing the library.