I'm pretty sure the answer is no. I think the best you can do is mark the Irish word with the correct language and then hope that the reader/app handles this correctly. I've done this in an epub as an experiment. The book had a character that when excited switched to Spanish (i.e. swore in Spanish). As an experiment, I marked these as Spanish using spans. The Kobo ereader respected this and when I did a dictionary lookup of these words, it looked in the Spanish dictionary instead of the English that was used for the rest of the book.
This should work, but it relies on the reader/app doing it and having an Irish dictionary available. The Kobo ereaders don't and I don't know about Kindles or anything else.
I think BR's suggestion of a glossary is the only way to do it. And putting footnote type links in will allow the reader to quickly get to and from the definition elsewhere in the book. A lot of the readers/apps can display the footnote as a pop-up which should work well for this type of thing.
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