There are various utilities out there that promise to recompress a PDF with better compression schemes, or apparently converting to PostScript and back to PDF improves file size a lot (says half the internet, so it must be true

).
Depending on the solution, though, it may be lossy.
Another thing that might help is to reduce the size of the original images. Usually that means stripping out pointless metadata, as well as converting the color depth to grayscale if there is no color anyway. But again I am not sure how to effectively do that for lossy formats like JPEG.