I'm sorry, I don't have time to write the documentation right now (partly because it would be huge).
But I can give you few pointers.
Check /usr/share/keyboard.cramfs.img for keyboard layout and /usr/lib/locale.cramfs.img for glibc locale archive.
Then also check /opt/amazon/ebook/config/locales/ for Java locale definition.
User guide dwells in /opt/amazon/kug/.
Java framework localization is in /opt/amazon/ebook/lib/, Sir Alex' K3Translator is able to generate the localization JARs:
Code:
java -Xms16m -classpath bcel-5.2.jar:K3Translator.jar Translator td4 /opt/amazon/ebook/lib translation.jar en_GB sk_SK
The source translation.jar is just a ZIP file that contains plain text localization.
You may want to localize the SO image: /opt/amazon/dtcp_backups/
Few mesquite HTMLs that need to be localized are in /opt/var/local/mesquite/shared/locales/
Blanket localization is in /usr/share/locale/ (gettext format)
Pillow localization is in /usr/share/webkit-1.0/pillow/locales/ (JavaScript)
Mesquite localization is in /var/local/mesquite/*/locales/ (JavaScript)
ACX localization is inside each ACX module - /opt/amazon/acw/ (JavaScript/XML)
The problem with you approach is, that if you forget to add some part of localization, the device may brick.
If I forget to localize something, the original English resource will be used.
It was not my intent to scare you, it's just that complicated, I'm sorry.
The github repo can be a good resource for your investigation:
https://github.com/dsmid/kindle-pw2-l10n-template
Anyway, should you have questions, feel free to ask.