It would appear culture is a part of it but definitely not the only purpose:
Quote:
GCSE specifications in English literature should develop knowledge and skills in reading,
writing and critical thinking. Through literature, students have a chance to develop
culturally and acquire knowledge of the best that has been thought and written. Studying
GCSE English literature should encourage students to read widely for pleasure, and as a
preparation for studying literature at a higher level.
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from
https://www.gov.uk/government/upload...literature.pdf
Andrew