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They're url fragments. There's a corresponding id for them in the xhtml file(s). That's where the link takes you.
If each link takes you to a separate html file ... then you probably don't need them. But your code snippet shows three links to the very same html file; so the id/fragment is necessary to get to the proper place in the html file. If you remove them, all three links will take you to the very top of the same html file, instead of the various sections indicated by the toc.
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