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No they are very different concepts. QoS simply means that you are guaranteed a certain level of service, i.e. that you go no lower than a certain service speed. Throttling means that you limit the service speed at a certain maximum value.
Prioritization has has been in the internet for some time. It became a big deal when you had slow connection speeds and VOIP. Since you don't want to interrupt Mom's conversion with Grandma, just because junior is downloading porn, VOIP was given priority. That doesn't imply that the porn is being throttled though.
You get throttling even if you have a clear pipeline. If you have a clogged pipeline, then packets with lower priorities are handled after packets with higher priorities. I would also point out that the unnamed "those who know how to look at how packets are marked"[just as a side note, I and just about anyone who knows what I mean when I refer to Stevens knows how to look at how packets are marked] might know how the packet is marked when it arrives at their home PC, but that doesn't mean they know how the networks in between is actually handling the packet. It really doesn't mean anything other than a little bit of knowledge can lead one to conclusions which may or may not be correct.
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