An idea that did NOT work. In hopes of getting custom dictionaries to survive synching, I moved the two custom dictionaries I use, named dicthtml-de.zip and dicthtml-nl.zip (respectively, Webster's 1913 and WordNet) from Kobo's main on-device storage in folder \.kobo\dict to this folder on an Micro SD card: \koboExtStorage\dict
The custom dictionaries worked fine from that location (a folder created by Kobo) but upon running a synch, the default versions of the two files were copied to the main on-device folder \.kobo\dict and although the ones on the Micro SD card were left untouched, apparently the Kobo device gives precedence to files in main memory at \.kobo\dict, and the default versions were henceforth called up instead.
(Tested on an Aura HD under 3.1.1)
Oh, well.