I list a number of free typography references on my personal web site:
http://mysite.verizon.net/william_fr...free-type.html
(ob. discl., I'm an Amazon Associate and maybe one day I'll actually make a few bucks at it)
I do list some free texts for TeX and I believe you'd learn a fair bit about typography reading:
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http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macr...oir/memman.pdf --- the first half of this is about typographic design and terminology, a good primer
Unfortunately, Dr. Asaf Degani's links have gone stale, and they're charging for the files now:
http://www.ntis.gov/search/product.aspx?ABBR=N9319970
but they seem to still be on archive.org:
http://web.archive.org/web/200312050..._Checklist.pdf