Yes, calibre would be faster with a faster harddrive. But the difference would most likely not be very big. You have plenty of memory and that means that you have plenty of disk cache.
But I suspect that it isn't the IO bound operations that you find slow, like save to disk or conversions. More things like moving from book to book while editing metadata? Or updating metadata fields.
Some things that might help, and are easy to test:
Hide the tag browser. If you have a large library and update metadata, then the tag browser also have to be updated. Can be slow, and unnecessary if you don't need it while fixing metadata.
Remove the formats column. By default this column is populated by reading directly from each book folder to see what formats there are. That can be very slow, especially if you also sort or search on that field.
Here is more about this:
https://www.mobileread.com/forums/sho....php?p=2244745
Also there seems to be a big upgrade of the database backend in the wings. The update is in the latest calibre, but you have to activate the new backend to try it.
https://www.mobileread.com/forums/sho...d.php?t=218937