For b/w output, the eye can discern the difference between 1270 and 2540 dpi output (which was an option on many Linotronic imagesetters).
See Fred Smeijers' _Counterpunch: making type in the sixteenth century, designing typefaces now_ for a discussion of this and electron microphotographs which show the curls of steel taken off a punch.
For a visual display of this, get an original of a Doré engraving, then make a greyscale scan of it at the pixel density of an iPad and compare the two --- even better would be to get an engraving which is done w/ two black plates --- the Beinecke did a lovely book which features such printing for their _The Grand Tour_ show.
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