So in the broadest terms, we have/require:
People (sentient beings)
Places (Earth, planets, galaxies)
Things (technology, robots/androids, creatures, spaceships, infrastructure, etc.)
Concepts (time, emotions, politics/economics, society, etc.)
one of which will provide the defining emphasis of the story, and at least three of which need to be in some sort of conflict with each other. The reader of science fiction is also required to accept "What if X..." as a basic premise of the story, with X being something that is seemingly impossible scientifically at this point in time, but is accepted as a given within the context of the story.
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