Hmmm... "trapped electrons contain more energy." Where does this come from? An electron has a given mass regardless of whether it's trapped or not, I would think. If energy from the battery is used to "trap" or set a flag, it would be dissipated as heat and lost, leaving the electron in a stable, if trapped, state. A horse weighs the same whether the barn door is open or closed (except for the energy used to walk out the door.) I'm not sure I agree with the article's premise.
