Am I 'bad,' or what!

(Just to keep on topic!)
OK... next question;
There is a very serious aliment that affects certain people. This ailment can easily kill a person, and there is no known medicine for it, but it is curable. This aliment was named after a very Victorian idea of what 'chic' fashion dance step a true lady should aspire to...
Edit: A hint... It was first used for this ailment when workers building the Brooklyn Bridge became afflicted.
Now... name that ailment and the country associated with it!
Stitchawl