A precise answer to your question is "no, there is no way, because the fields can be edited independently."
However, what I think you want is to set the tweak "author_sort_copy_method = 'copy'". This makes calibre copy the author's sort value to author_sort whenever it calculates author_sort, such as when adding a book.
Please note that there are 2 author sort values. There is one per book, author_sort, used to sort the book, and there is one per author, used to sort the author (e.g., in the tag browser) and to generate the default author_sort for a book. Be careful not to interchange these in your thoughts. You can see an author's sort value using the tag browser.
You can make a book's author sort different from the author's sort whenever you edit metadata. This is intentional. You can see you have done this by noting the pink display in edit metadata (single).
Setting the tweak doesn't change the values of author_sorts already set. You can do this with manage_authors. First set the tweak. Then right-click on an author, choose manage authors, push 'recalculate author sort', then push OK. Wait until done.
All the author's values, and all the books author_sort values, will be recalculated.