Okay, I found a way around! Plugged in the kobo, found the items on the kobo in the Finder. Copied them onto the desktop for safekeeping, then deleted them from the kobo via "move to trash" (put in the recycle bin, in PC speak). Ejected kobo, waited for it to "update content". Plugged it back in. Drag & dropped the items back onto the kobo from the desktop. Ejected, updated- and there they are again! Whoot.
The only weird thing is that I thought I'd already tried that method yesterday, and it didn't work...
I'm going to start calling my kobo "Lizard's Delight"- it's so full of bugs. But I still love it.