I tried to strip it down but wasn't able to in any meaningful way. It has very little text but many small jpg images in it. I could not see any easy way to remove all the images using Sigil (the page in question does not use any of the images and is pretty close to the front of the epub). Just removing one takes about 10 seconds and there are hundreds.

So I submitted the entire epub (only 1.2M) plus the mobi, with an explanation of which page it is that is getting dropped.