Crane, Walter: Line & Form, v.1, 19 July 2008
 

From 1900 with 167 illustrations.

CHAPTER I

· Origin and Function of Outline-Silhouette-Definition of Boundaries by-Power of Characterization by-Formation of Letters-Methods of Drawing in Line-The Progressive Method-The Calligraphic Method-The Tentative Method-The Japanese Direct Brush Method-The Oval Method-The Rectangular Method-Quality of Line-Linear Expression of Movement-Textures-Emotion-Scale of Linear Expression

CHAPTER II

· The Language of Line-Dialects-Comparison of the Style of Various Artists in Line-Scale of Degrees in Line-Picture Writing-Relation of Line to Form-Two Paths-The Graphic Purpose-Aspect-The Ornamental Purpose-Typical Treatment or Convention-Rhythm-Linear Plans in Pattern Designing-Wall-paper Design-Controlling Forms-Memory-Evolution in Design-Variety in Unity-Counterbalance-Linear Logic-Recurring Line and Form-Principle of Radiation-Range and Use of Line

CHAPTER III

· Of the Choice and Use of Line-Degree and Emphasis-Influence of the Photograph-The Value of Emphasis-The Technical Influence-The Artistic Purpose-Influence of Material and Tools-Brushwork-Charcoal- Pencil-Pen

CHAPTER IV

· Of the Choice of Form-Elementary Forms-Space-filling-Grouping- Analogies of Form-Typical Forms of Ornament-Ornamental Units- Equivalents in Form-Quantities in Design-Contrast-Value of Variations of Similar or Allied Forms-Use of the Human Figure and Animal Forms in Ornamental Design

CHAPTER V

· Of the Influence of Controlling Lines, Boundaries Spaces, and Plans in Designing-Origin of Geometric Decorative Spaces and Panels in Architecture-Value of Recurring Line-Tradition-Extension- Adaptability-Geometric Structural Plans-Frieze and Field-Ceiling Decoration-Co-operative Relation

CHAPTER VI

· Of the Fundamental Essentials of Design: Line, Form, Space-Principles of Structural and Ornamental Line in Organic Forms-Form and Mass in Foliage-Roofs-The Mediжval City-Organic and Accidental Beauty- Composition: Formal and Informal-Power of Linear Expression-Relation of Masses and Lines-Principles of Harmonious Composition

CHAPTER VII

· Of the Relief of Form-Three Methods-Contrast-Light and Shade, and Modelling-The Use of Contrast and Planes in Pattern Designing- Decorative Relief-Simple Linear Contrast-Relief by Linear Shading- Different Emphasis in relieving Form by Shading Lines-Relief by means of Light and Shade alone without Outline-Photographic Projection-Relief by different Planes and Contrasts of Concave and Convex Surfaces in Architectural Mouldings-Modelled Relief- Decorative Use of Light and Shade, and different Planes in Modelling and Carving-Egyptian System of Relief Sculpture-Greek and Gothic Architectural Sculpture, influenced by Structural and Ornamental Feeling-Sculptural Tombs, Medals, Coins, Gems-Florentine Fifteenth-century Reliefs-Desiderio di Settignano

CHAPTER VIII

· Of the Expression of Relief in Line-drawing-Graphic Aim and Ornamental Aim-Superficial Appearance and Constructive Reality- Accidents and Essentials-Representation and Suggestion of Natural Form in Design-The Outward Vision and the Inner Vision

CHAPTER IX

· Of the Adaptation of Line and Form in Design, in various materials and methods-Mural Decoration-Fresco-work of the Italian Painters-Modern Mural Work-Mural Spacing and Pattern Plans- Scale-The Skirting-The Dado-Field of the Wall-The Frieze- Panelling-Tapestry-Textile Design-Persian Carpets-Effect of Texture on Colour-Prints-Wall-paper-Stained Glass

CHAPTER X

· Of the Expression and Relief of Line and Form by Colour-Effect of same Colour upon different Grounds-Radiation of Colour-White Outline to clear Colours-Quality of Tints relieved upon other Tints-Complementaries-Harmony-The Colour Sense-Colour Proportions-Importance of Pure Tints-Tones and Planes-The Tone of Time-Pattern and Picture-A Pattern not necessarily a Picture, but a Picture in principle a Pattern-Chiaroscuro-Examples of Pattern-work and Picture-work-Picture-patterns and Pattern-pictures