Xylamide
Xy•lam´ide, n. [ Xylic + amide.] (Chem.) An acid amide derivative of xylic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance.
Xylan
Xy´lan, n. (Chem.) A gummy substance of the pentosan class, present in woody tissue, and yielding xylose on hydrolysis; wood gum.
Xylanthrax
Xy•lan´thrax, n. [Gr. xy•lon wood + coal.] Wood coal, or charcoal; — so called in distinction from mineral coal.
Xylate
Xy´late, n. (Chem.) A salt of xylic acid.
Xylem
Xy´lem, n. [Gr. xy•lon wood.] (Bot.) That portion of a fibrovascular bundle which has developed, or will develop, into wood cells; — distinguished from phloëm.
Xylene
Xy´lene, n. [Gr. xy•lon wood.] (Chem.) Any of a group of three metameric hydrocarbons of the aromatic series, found in coal and wood tar, and so named because found in crude wood spirit. They are colorless, oily, inflammable liquids, C6H4.(CH3)2, being dimethyl benzenes, and are called respectively orthoxylene, metaxylene, and paraxylene. Called also xylol. Each of these xylenes is the nucleus and prototype of a distinct series of compounds.
Xylenol
Xy´le•nol, n. [ Xylene + - ol.] (Chem.) Any one of six metameric phenol derivatives of xylene, obtained as crystalline substances, (CH3)2.C6H3.OH.
Xyletic
Xy•let´ic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex acid related to mesitylenic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance by the action of sodium and carbon dioxide on crude xylenol.
Xylic
Xy´lic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, xylene; specifically, designating any one of several metameric acids produced by the partial oxidation of mesitylene and pseudo-cumene.
Xylidic
Xy•lid´ic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, either one of two distinct acids which are derived from xylic acid and related compounds, and are metameric with uvitic acid.
Xylidine
Xy´li•dine, n. (Chem.) Any one of six metameric hydrocarbons, (CH3)2.C6H3.NH2, resembling aniline, and related to xylene. They are liquids, or easily fusible crystalline substances, of which three are derived from metaxylene, two from orthoxylene, and one from paraxylene. They are called the amido xylenes. The xylidine of commerce, used in making certain dyes, consists chiefly of the derivatives of paraxylene and metaxylene.
Xylindein
Xy•lin´de•in, n. (Chem.) A green or blue pigment produced by Peziza in certain kinds of decayed wood, as the beech, oak, birch, etc., and extracted as an amorphous powder resembling indigo.
Xylite
Xy´lite, n. [Gr. xy•lon wood.] (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon found in crude wood spirits.
Xylitone
Xy´li•tone, n. (Chem.) A yellow oil having a geraniumlike odor, produced as a side product in making phorone; — called also xylite oil.
Xylo-
Xy´lo- A combining form from Gr. xy•lon wood; as in xylogen, xylograph.
Xylobalsamum
Xy•lo•bal´sa•mum, n. [NL., fr. Gr. xy•lon wood + the balsam tree, balsam; cf. L. xylobalsamum balsam wood, Gr. .] (Med.) The dried twigs of a Syrian tree ( Balsamodendron Gileadense). U. S. Disp.
Xylocarpous
Xy•lo•car´pous, a. [ Xylo- + Gr. karpo•s fruit.] (Bot.) Bearing fruit which becomes hard or woody.
Xylocopa
Xy•loc´o•pa, n. [NL., fr. Gr. cutting wood; xy•lon wood + to cut.] (Zoöl.) A genus of hymenopterous insects including the carpenter. See Carpenter bee, under Carpenter. — Xy•loc´o•pine (#), a.
Xylogen
Xy´lo•gen, n. [ Xylo- + - gen.] (a) (Bot.) Nascent wood; wood cells in a forming state. (b) Lignin.
Xylograph
Xy´lo•graph, n. [ Xylo- + - graph.] An engraving on wood, or the impression from such an engraving; a print by xylography.
Xylographer
Xy•log´ra•pher, n. One who practices xylography. { Xy•lo•graph´ic, Xy•lo•graph´ic•al } a. [Cf. F. xylographique.] Of or pertaining to xylography, or wood engraving.
Xylography
Xy•log´ra•phy, n. [ Xylo- + -graphy: cf. F. xylographie.]
1. The art of engraving on wood.
2. The art of making prints from the natural grain of wood. Knight.
3. A method pf printing in colors upon wood for purposes of house decoration. Ure.
Xyloid
Xy´loid, a. [ Xylo- + - oid.] Resembling wood; having the nature of wood.
Xyloidin
Xy•loid´in, n. [ Xylo- + - oid.] (Chem.) A substance resembling pyroxylin, obtained by the action of nitric acid on starch; — called also nitramidin.
Xylol
Xy´lol, n. [ Xylo- + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) Same as Xylene.
Xylology
Xy•lol´o•gy, n. [Pref. xylo- + -logy.] The branch of dendrology treating of the gross and minute structure of wood.
Xylonite
Xy´lon•ite, n. See Zylonite.
Xylophaga
Xy•loph´a•ga, n. [NL. See Xylophagous.] (Zoöl.) A genus of marine bivalves which bore holes in wood. They are allied to Pholas.
Xylophagan
Xy•loph´a•gan, n. [See Xylophagous.] (Zoöl.) (a) One of a tribe of beetles whose larvae bore or live in wood. (b) Any species of Xylophaga. (c) Any one of the Xylophagides.
Xylophagides
Xy•lo•phag´i•des, n. pl. [See Xylophagous.] (Zoöl.) A tribe or family of dipterous flies whose larvae live in decayed wood. Some of the tropical species are very large.
Xylophagous
Xy•loph´a•gous, a. [Gr. eating wood; xy•lon wood + to eat.] (Zoöl.) (a) Eating, boring in, or destroying, wood; — said especially of certain insect larvae, crustaceans, and mollusks. (b) Of or pertaining to the genus Xylophaga.
Xylophilan
Xy•loph´i•lan, n. [See Xylophilous.] (Zoöl.) One of a tribe of beetles ( Xylophili) whose larvae live on decayed wood.
Xylophilous
Xy•loph´i•lous, a. [ Xylo- + Gr. filei^n to love.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the xylophilans.
Xylophone
Xy´lo•phone, n. [ Xylo- + Gr. fwnh• sound.]
1. (Mus.) An instrument common among the Russians, Poles, and Tartars, consisting of a series of strips of wood or glass graduated in length to the musical scale, resting on belts of straw, and struck with two small hammers. Called in Germany strohfiedel, or straw fiddle.
2. An instrument to determine the vibrative properties of different kinds of wood. Knight.
Xyloplastic
Xy•lo•plas´tic, a. [ Xylo- + -plastic.] (Technol.) Formed of wood pulp by molds; relating to casts made of wood pulp in molds.
Xylopyrography
Xy•lo•py•rog´ra•phy n. [ Xylo- + Gr.,, fire + -graphy.] The art or practice of burning pictures on wood with a hot iron; — called also poker painting. See Poker picture, under Poker.
Xyloquinone
Xy•lo•qui´none, n. [ Xylene + quinone.] (Chem.) Any one of a group of quinone compounds obtained respectively by the oxidation of certain xylidine compounds. In general they are yellow crystalline substances.
Xylorcin
Xy•lor´cin, n. [ Xylene + orcin.] (Chem.) A derivative of xylene obtained as a white crystalline substance which on exposure in the air becomes red; — called also betaorcin.
Xylose
Xy´lose, n. [Pref. xylo- + -ose.] (Chem.) An unfermentable sugar of the pentose class, C5H10O5, formed by the hydrolysis of xylan; wood sugar.
Xylostein
Xy•los´te•in, n. [ Xylo- + Gr. bone.] (Chem.) A glucoside found in the poisonous berries of a species of honeysuckle ( Lonicera xylosteum), and extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance.
Xylotile
Xy´lo•tile, n. Same as Parkesine.
Xylotomist
Xy•lot´o•mist, n. One versed or engaged in xylotomy.
Xylotomous
Xy•lot´o•mous, a. [Pref. xylo- + root of Gr. to cut.] (Zoöl.) Capable of boring or cutting wood; — said of many insects.
Xylotomy
Xy•lot´o•my, n. [Pref. xylo- + -tomy.] Art of preparing sections (transverse, tangential, or radial) of wood, esp. by means of a microtome, for microscopic examination. Y.
Xylotrya
Xy•lo´try•a, n. [NL., fr. Gr. xy•lon wood + to rub, wear out.] (Zoöl.) A genus of marine bivalves closely allied to Teredo, and equally destructive to timber. One species ( Xylotrya fimbriata) is very common on the Atlantic coast of the United States.
Xylyl
Xy´lyl, n. [ Xylo- + - yl.] (Chem.) Any one of three metameric radicals which are characteristic respectively of the three xylenes.
Xylylene
Xy´lyl•ene, n. (Chem.) Any one of three metameric radicals, CH2.C6H4.CH2, derived respectively from the three xylenes. Often used adjectively; as xylylene alcohol.
Xyridaceous
Xyr•i•da´ceous, a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order ( Xyrideae) of endogenous plants, of which Xyris is the type.
Xyris
Xy´ris, n. [L., a kind of Iris, Gr., fr. a razor.] (Bot.) A genus of endogenous herbs with grassy leaves and small yellow flowers in short, scaly- bracted spikes; yellow-eyed grass. There are about seventeen species in the Atlantic United States. { Xyst, Xys´tus } n. [L. xystus, Gr., from to scrape, polish; — so called from its smooth and polished floor.] (Anc. Arch.) A long and open portico, for athletic exercises, as wrestling, running, etc., for use in winter or in stormy weather.
Xystarch
Xyst´arch, n. [L. xystarches, Gr., a xyst + to rule.] (Gr. Antiq.) An office having the superintendence of the xyst. Dr. W. Smith.
Xyster
Xys´ter, n. [NL., fr. Gr. xysth•r a scraper.] (Surg.) An instrument for scraping bones. Y.