Viable
Vi´a•ble, a. [F., from vie life, L. vita. See Vital.] (Law) Capable of living; born alive and with such form and development of organs as to be capable of living; — said of a newborn, or a prematurely born, infant. Unless he [an infant] is born viable, he acquires no rights, and can not transmit them to his heirs, and is considered as if he had never been born. Bouvier.

Viand
Vi´and, n. [F. viande meat, food, LL. vianda, vivanda, vivenda, properly, things to live on, fr. L. vivere to live; akin to vivus living. See Vivid, and cf. Victualis.] An article of food; provisions; food; victuals; — used chiefly in the plural. Cowper.
"Viands of various kinds allure the taste." Pope.

Vi-apple
Vi´-ap•ple, n. See Otaheite apple.

Viatecture
Vi´a•tec•ture ( 135), n. [L. via way + -tecture, as in architecture.] The art of making roads or ways for traveling, including the construction of bridges, canals, viaducts, etc. [R.] R. Park.

Viatic
Vi•at´ic, a. [L. viaticus, fr. via a way. See Voyage.] Of or pertaining to a journey or traveling.

Vibices
Vi•bi´ces, n. pl. [L., pl. of vibex, -icis, the mark of a blow.] (Med.) More or less extensive patches of subcutaneous extravasation of blood.

Vibraculum
Vi•brac´u•lum, n. ; pl. Vibracula (#). [NL., dim. from L. vibrare to vibrate.] (Zoöl.) One of the movable, slender, spinelike organs or parts with which certain bryozoans are furnished. They are regarded as specially modified zooids, of nearly the same nature as Avicularia.

Vibrancy
Vi´bran•cy, n. The state of being vibrant; resonance.

Vibrant
Vi´brant, a. [L. vibrans, p. pr.: cf. F. vibrant. See Vibrate.] Vibrating; tremulous; resonant; as vibrant drums. Longfellow.

Vibratile
Vi´bra•tile, a. [Cf. F. vibratile.] Adapted to, or used in, vibratory motion; having the power of vibrating; vibratory; as the vibratile organs of insects.

Vibratility
Vi•bra•til´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. vibratilite.] The quality or state of being vibratile; disposition to vibration or oscillation. Rush.

Vibration
Vi•bra´tion, n. [L. vibratio: cf. F. vibration.]
1. The act of vibrating, or the state of being vibrated, or in vibratory motion; quick motion to and fro; oscillation, as of a pendulum or musical string.
"As a harper lays his open palm Upon his harp, to deaden its vibrations." Longfellow.
2. (Physics) A limited reciprocating motion of a particle of an elastic body or medium in alternately opposite directions from its position of equilibrium, when that equilibrium has been disturbed, as when a stretched cord or other body produces musical notes, or particles of air transmit sounds to the ear. The path of the particle may be in a straight line, in a circular arc, or in any curve whatever. Vibration and oscillation are both used, in mechanics, of the swinging, or rising and falling, motion of a suspended or balanced body; the latter term more appropriately, as signifying such motion produced by gravity, and of any degree of slowness, while the former applies especially to the quick, short motion to and fro which results from elasticity, or the action of molecular forces among the particles of a body when disturbed from their position of rest, as in a spring. Amplitude of vibration, the maximum displacement of a vibrating particle or body from its position of rest. — Phase of vibration, any part of the path described by a particle or body in making a complete vibration, in distinction from other parts, as while moving from one extreme to the other, or on one side of the line of rest, in distinction from the opposite. Two particles are said to be in the same phase when they are moving in the same direction and with the same velocity, or in corresponding parts of their paths.

Vibratiuncle
Vi•bra´ti•un•cle, a. [Dim. of vibration.] A small vibration. [R.] Chambers.

Vibrative
Vi´bra•tive, a. Vibrating; vibratory. "A vibrative motion." Sir I. Newton.

Vibrator
Vi´bra•tor, n. One that vibrates, or causes vibration or oscillation of any kind; specif. (a) (Elec.) (1) A trembler, as of an electric bell. (2) A vibrating reed for transmitting or receiving pulsating currents in a harmonic telegraph system. (3) A device for vibrating the pen of a siphon recorder to diminish frictional resistance on the paper. (4) An oscillator. (b) An ink-distributing roller in a printing machine, having an additional vibratory motion. (a) (Music) A vibrating reed, esp. in a reed organ. (d) (Weaving) Any of various vibrating devices, as one for slackening the warp as a shed opens. (e) An attachment, usually pneumatic, in a molding machine to shake the pattern loose.

Vibratory
Vi´bra•to•ry, a. [Cf. F. vibratoire.] Consisting in, or causing, vibration, or oscillation; vibrating; as a vibratory motion; a vibratory power.

Vibrio
Vib´ri•o, n. ; pl. E. Vibrios (#), L. Vibriones (#). [NL., fr. L. vibrare to vibrate, to move by undulations.] (Biol.) A genus of motile bacteria characterized by short, slightly sinuous filaments and an undulatory motion; also an individual of this genus.

Vibrissa
Vi•bris´sa, n. ; pl. Vibrissae (#). [L. vibrissae, pl., the hairs in the nostrils of man, fr. vibrare to vibrate; — so called because touching them tickles a person, and causes him to shake his head.]
1. (Anat.) One of the specialized or tactile hairs which grow about the nostrils, or on other parts of the face, in many animals, as the so-called whiskers of the cat, and the hairs of the nostrils of man.
2. (Zoöl.) The bristlelike feathers near the mouth of many birds.

Vibrograph
Vi´bro•graph, n. [ Vibrate + -graph.] An instrument to observe and record vibrations.

Vibroscope
Vi´bro•scope, n.
1. An instrument for observing or tracing vibrations.
2. An instrument resembling the phenakistoscope.

Viburnum
Vi•bur´num, n. [L., the wayfaring tree.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs having opposite, petiolate leaves and cymose flowers, several species of which are cultivated as ornamental, as the laurestine and the guelder-rose.

Vicar
Vic´ar, n. [OE. vicar, viker, vicair, F. vicaire, fr. L. vicarius. See Vicarious.]
1. One deputed or authorized to perform the functions of another; a substitute in office; a deputy. [R.]
2. (Eng. Eccl. Law) The incumbent of an appropriated benefice. The distinction between a parson [or rector] and vicar is this: The parson has for the most part, the whole right to the ecclesiastical dues in his parish; but a vicar has generally an appropriator over him, entitled to the best part of the profits, to whom he is in fact perpetual curate with a standing salary. Burrill. Apostolic vicar, or Vicar apostolic. (R. C. Ch.) (a) A bishop to whom the Roman pontiff delegates a portion of his jurisdiction. (b) Any ecclesiastic acting under a papal brief, commissioned to exercise episcopal authority. (c) A titular bishop in a country where there is no episcopal see, or where the succession has been interrupted. — Vicar forane. [Cf. LL. foraneus situated outside of the episcopal city, rural. See Vicar, and Foreign.] (R. C. Ch.) A dignitary or parish priest appointed by a bishop to exercise a limited jurisdiction in a particular town or district of a diocese. Addis & Arnold. — Vicar-general. (a) (Ch. of Eng.) The deputy of the Archbishop of Canterbury or York, in whose court the bishops of the province are confirmed. Encyc. Brit. (b) (R. C. Ch.) An assistant to a bishop in the discharge of his official functions. — Vicar of Jesus Christ (R. C. Ch.), the pope as representing Christ on earth.

Vicarial
Vi•ca´ri•al, a. [Cf. F. vicarial.]
1. Of or pertaining to a vicar; as vicarial tithes.
2. Delegated; vicarious; as vicarial power.

Vicarian
Vi•ca´ri•an, n. A vicar. [Obs.] Marston.

Vicariate
Vi•ca´ri•ate, a. Having delegated power, as a vicar; vicarious. Barrow.

Vicariate
Vi•ca´ri•ate, n. [LL. vicariatus, or F. vicariat.] Delegated office or power; vicarship; the office or oversight of a vicar.
"The vicariate of that part of Germany which is governed by the Saxon laws devolved on the elector of Saxony." Robertson.

Vicarious
Vi•ca´ri•ous, a. [L. vicarius, from vicis change, alternation, turn, the position, place, or office of one person as assumed by another; akin to Gr. to yield, give way, G. wechsel a change, and probably also to E. weak. See Weak, and cf. Vice, prep. ]
1. Of or pertaining to a vicar, substitute, or deputy; deputed; delegated; as vicarious power or authority.
2. Acting of suffering for another; as a vicarious agent or officer.
"The soul in the body is but a subordinate efficient, and vicarious … in the hands of the Almighty." Sir M. Hale.
3. Performed of suffered in the place of another; substituted; as a vicarious sacrifice; vicarious punishment.
"The vicarious work of the Great Deliverer." I. Taylor.
4. (Med.) Acting as a substitute; — said of abnormal action which replaces a suppressed normal function; as vicarious hemorrhage replacing menstruation.

Vicarship
Vic´ar•ship, n. The office or dignity of a vicar.

Vicary
Vic´ar•y, n. [L. vicarius.] A vicar. [Obs.]

Vice, n. [F., from L. vitium.]
1. A defect; a fault; an error; a blemish; an imperfection; as the vices of a political constitution; the vices of a horse.
"Withouten vice of syllable or letter." Chaucer.
"Mark the vice of the procedure." Sir W. Hamilton.
2. A moral fault or failing; especially, immoral conduct or habit, as in the indulgence of degrading appetites; customary deviation in a single respect, or in general, from a right standard, implying a defect of natural character, or the result of training and habits; a harmful custom; immorality; depravity; wickedness; as a life of vice; the vice of intemperance.
"I do confess the vices of my blood." Shak.
"Ungoverned appetite … a brutish vice." Milton.
"When vice prevails, and impious men bear sway, The post of honor is a private station." Addison.
3. The buffoon of the old English moralities, or moral dramas having the name sometimes of one vice, sometimes of another, or of Vice itself; — called also Iniquity. This character was grotesquely dressed in a cap with ass’s ears, and was armed with a dagger of lath: one of his chief employments was to make sport with the Devil, leaping on his back, and belaboring him with the dagger of lath till he made him roar. The Devil, however, always carried him off in the end. Nares.
"How like you the Vice in the play? … I would not give a rush for a Vice that has not a wooden dagger to snap at everybody." B. Jonson.
Syn. — Crime; sin; iniquity; fault. See Crime.

Vice, n. [See Vise.]
1. (Mech.) A kind of instrument for holding work, as in filing. Same as Vise.
2. A tool for drawing lead into cames, or flat grooved rods, for casements. [Written also vise.]
3. A gripe or grasp. [Obs.] Shak.

Vice, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Viced p. pr. & vb. n. Vicing ] To hold or squeeze with a vice, or as if with a vice. Shak.
"The coachman’s hand was viced between his upper and lower thigh." De Quincey.

Vice
Vi´ce, prep. [L., abl. of vicis change, turn. See Vicarious.] In the place of; in the stead; as A. B. was appointed postmaster vice C. D. resigned.

Vice, a. [Cf. F. vice-. See Vice, prep. ] Denoting one who in certain cases may assume the office or duties of a superior; designating an officer or an office that is second in rank or authority; as vice president; vice agent; vice consul, etc. Vice admiral. [Cf. F. vice-amiral.] (a) An officer holding rank next below an admiral. By the existing laws, the rank of admiral and vice admiral in the United States Navy will cease at the death of the present incumbents. (b) A civil officer, in Great Britain, appointed by the lords commissioners of the admiralty for exercising admiralty jurisdiction within their respective districts. — Vice admiralty, the office of a vice admiral. — Vice-admiralty court, a court with admiralty jurisdiction, established by authority of Parliament in British possessions beyond the seas. Abbott. — Vice chamberlain, an officer in court next in rank to the lord chamberlain. [Eng.] - - Vice chancellor. (a) (Law) An officer next in rank to a chancellor. (b) An officer in a university, chosen to perform certain duties, as the conferring of degrees, in the absence of the chancellor. (c) (R. C. Ch.) The cardinal at the head of the Roman Chancery. — Vice consul [cf. F. vice- consul], a subordinate officer, authorized to exercise consular functions in some particular part of a district controlled by a consul. — Vice king, one who acts in the place of a king; a viceroy. — Vice legate [cf. F. vice-legat], a legate second in rank to, or acting in place of, another legate. — Vice presidency, the office of vice president. — Vice president [cf. F. vice-president], an officer next in rank below a president.

Vicegerency
Vice•ge´ren•cy, n. The office of a vicegerent. South.

Vicegerent
Vice•ge´rent, a. [ Vice, a. + gerent: cf. F. vicegerant.] Having or exercising delegated power; acting by substitution, or in the place of another. Milton.

Vicegerent
Vice•ge´rent, a. [ Vice, a. + gerent: cf. F. vicegerant.] Having or exercising delegated power; acting by substitution, or in the place of another. Milton.

Vicegerent
Vice•ge´rent, n. An officer who is deputed by a superior, or by proper authority, to exercise the powers of another; a lieutenant; a vicar. Bacon.
"The symbol and vicegerent of the Deity." C. A. Young.

Viceman
Vice´man, n. ; pl. Vicemen . A smith who works at the vice instead of at the anvil.

Vicenary
Vic´e•na•ry ( 277), a. [L. vicenarius, fr. viceni twenty each; akin to viginti twenty.] Of or pertaining to twenty; consisting of twenty.

Vicennial
Vi•cen´ni•al, a. [L. vicennium a period of twenty years; viceni twenty + annus year.]
1. Lasting or comprising twenty years.
2. Happening once in twenty years; as a vicennial celebration.

Vice-regal
Vice•-re´gal, a. Of or pertaining to a viceroy or viceroyalty. Macaulay.

Viceroy
Vice´roy, n. [F. vice-roi; pref. vice- in the place of (L. vice) + roi a king, L. rex. See Vice, prep. and Royal.]
1. The governor of a country or province who rules in the name of the sovereign with regal authority, as the king’s substitute; as the viceroy of India.
2. (Zoöl.) A large and handsome American butterfly ( Basilarchia, or Limenitis, archippus). Its wings are orange-red, with black lines along the nervures and a row of white spots along the outer margins. The larvae feed on willow, poplar, and apple trees.

Viceroyship
Vice´roy•ship, n. Viceroyalty.

Vicety
Vi´ce•ty, n. [From Vice a fault.] Fault; defect; coarseness. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Viciate
Vi´ci•ate, v. t. See Vitiate. [R.]

Vicine
Vic´ine, a. [L. vicinus: cf. F. voisin.] Near; neighboring; vicinal. [R.] Glanvill.

Vicine
Vic´ine, n. (Chem.) An alkaloid ex tracted from the seeds of the vetch ( Vicia sativa) as a white crystalline substance.

Vicinity
Vi•cin´i•ty (vi•sin"i•ty; 277), n. [L. vicinitas, from vicinus neighboring, near, from vicus a row of houses, a village; akin to Gr. o’i^kos a house, Skr. veça a house, viç to enter, Goth. weihs town: cf. OF. vicinite. Cf. Diocese, Economy, Parish, Vicinage, Wick a village.]
1. The quality or state of being near, or not remote; nearness; propinquity; proximity; as the value of the estate was increased by the vicinity of two country seats.
"A vicinity of disposition and relative tempers." Jer. Taylor.
2. That which is near, or not remote; that which is adjacent to anything; adjoining space or country; neighborhood. "The vicinity of the sun." Bentley.
Syn. — Neighborhood; vicinage. See Neighborhood.

Vicious
Vi´cious, a. [OF. vicious, F. vicieux, fr. L. vitiosus, fr. vitium vice. See Vice a fault.]
1. Characterized by vice or defects; defective; faulty; imperfect.
"Though I perchance am vicious in my guess." Shak.
"The title of these lords was vicious in its origin." Burke.
"A charge against Bentley of vicious reasoning." De Quincey.
2. Addicted to vice; corrupt in principles or conduct; depraved; wicked; as vicious children; vicious examples; vicious conduct.
"Who … heard this heavy curse, Servant of servants, on his vicious race." Milton.
3. Wanting purity; foul; bad; noxious; as vicious air, water, etc. Dryden.
4. Not correct or pure; corrupt; as vicious language; vicious idioms.
5. Not well tamed or broken; given to bad tricks; unruly; refractory; as a vicious horse.
6. Bitter; spiteful; malignant. [Colloq.]
Syn. — Corrupt; faulty; wicked; depraved. — Vi´cious•ly, adv. — Vi´cious•ness, n.

Vicissitudinous
Vi•cis•si•tu´di•nous, a. Full of, or subject to, changes.

Vicissy duck
Vi•cis"sy duck (Zoöl.) A West Indian duck, sometimes domesticated.

Vickers’ gun
Vick"ers’ gun (Ordnance) One of a system of guns manufactured by the firm of Vickers’ Sons, at Sheffield, Eng. now included in Vickers-Maxim guns.

Vickers-Maxim automatic machine gun
Vick"ers-Max"im automatic machine gun. An automatic machine gun in which the mechanism is worked by the recoil, assisted by the pressure of gases from the muzzle, which expand in a gas chamber against a disk attached to the end of the barrel, thus moving the latter to the rear with increased recoil, and against the front wall of the gas chamber, checking the recoil of the system.

Vickers-Maxim gun. (Ordnance) One of a system of ordnance, including machine, quick-fire, coast, and field guns, of all calibers, manufactured by the combined firms of Vickers’ Sons of Sheffield and Maxim of Birmingham and elsewhere, England.

Vicontiel
Vi•con´ti•el, a. [From OE. vicounte a viscount. See Viscount.] (O. Eng. Law) Of or pertaining to the viscount or sheriff of a country. Vicontiel rents. See Vicontiels. — Vicontiel writs, such writs as were triable in the sheriff, or county, court.

Victimate
Vic´tim•ate, v. t. [L. victimatus, p. p. of victimare to sacrifice.] To make a victim of; to sacrifice; to immolate. [Obs.] Bullokar.

Victimize
Vic´tim•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Victimized p. pr. & vb. n. Victimizing ] To make a victim of, esp. by deception; to dupe; to cheat.

Victoress
Vic´tor•ess, n. A victress. [Obs.] Spenser.

Victoria
Vic•to´ri•a, n. [NL.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of aquatic plants named in honor of Queen Victoria. The Victoria regia is a native of Guiana and Brazil. Its large, spreading leaves are often over five feet in diameter, and have a rim from three to five inches high; its immense rose-white flowers sometimes attain a diameter of nearly two feet.
2. A kind of low four-wheeled pleasure carriage, with a calash top, designed for two persons and the driver who occupies a high seat in front.
3. (Astron.) An asteroid discovered by Hind in 1850; — called also Clio. Victoria cross, a bronze Maltese cross, awarded for valor to members of the British army or navy. It was first bestowed in 1857, at the close of the Crimean war. The recipients also have a pension of £10 a year. — Victoria green. (Chem.) See Emerald green, under Green. — Victoria lily (Bot.), the Victoria regia. See def. 1, above.

Victoria
Vic•to´ri•a, n. One of an American breed of medium-sized white hogs with a slightly dished face and very erect ears.

Victoria crape. A kind of cotton crape.

Victorian
Vic•to´ri•an, a. Of or pertaining to the reign of Queen Victoria of England; as the Victorian poets. Victorian period. See Dionysian period, under Dyonysian.

Victorious
Vic•to´ri•ous, a. [L. victoriosus: cf. F. victorieux. See Victory.] Of or pertaining to victory, or a victor’ being a victor; bringing or causing a victory; conquering; winning; triumphant; as a victorious general; victorious troops; a victorious day.
"But I shall rise victorious, and subdue My vanquisher." Milton.
"Now are our brows bound wind victorious wreaths." Shak. — Vic•to´ri•ous•ly, adv. — Vic•to´ri•ous•ness, n.

Victory
Vic´to•ry, n. ; pl. Victories (#). [OE. victorie, OF. victorie, victoire, F. victoire, L. victoria. See Victor.] The defeat of an enemy in battle, or of an antagonist in any contest; a gaining of the superiority in any struggle or competition; conquest; triumph; — the opposite of defeat.
"Death is swallowed up in victory." 1 Cor. xv. 54.
"God on our side, doubt not of victory." Shak.
"Victory may be honorable to the arms, but shameful to the counsels, of a nation." Bolingbroke.

Victrice
Vic´trice, n. A victress. [R.] B. Jonson.

Victrix
Vic´trix, n. [L.] Victress. C. Bronte.

Victual
Vict´ual, n.
1. Food; — now used chiefly in the plural. See Victuals. 2 Chron. xi. 23. Shak.
"He was not able to keep that place three days for lack of victual." Knolles.
"There came a fair-hair’d youth, that in his hand Bare victual for the movers." Tennyson.
"Short allowance of victual." Longfellow.
2. Grain of any kind. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Victual
Vict´ual, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Victualed or Victualled; p. pr. & vb. n. Victualing or Victualling.] To supply with provisions for subsistence; to provide with food; to store with sustenance; as to victual an army; to victual a ship.
"I must go victual Orleans forthwith." Shak.

Victualer
Vict´ual•er, n. [F. victuailleur.] [Written also victualler.]
1. One who furnishes victuals.
2. One who keeps a house of entertainment; a tavern keeper; an innkeeper. Shak.
3. A vessel employed to carry provisions, usually for military or naval use; a provision use; a provision ship.
4. One who deals in grain; a corn factor. [Scot.] Licensed victualer. See under Licensed.

Victuals
Vict´uals, n. pl. [OE. vitaille, OF. vitaille, F. victuaille, pl. victuailles, fr. L. victualia, pl. of. victualis belonging to living or nourishment, fr. victus nourishment, from vivere, victum, to live; akin to vivus living. See Vivid.] Food for human beings, esp. when it is cooked or prepared for the table; that which supports human life; provisions; sustenance; meat; viands.
"Then had we plenty of victuals." Jer. xliv. 17.

Vidame
Vi•dame´, n. [F., fr. LL. vice- dominus, fr. L. vice instead of + dominus master, lord.] (Fr. Feud. Law) One of a class of temporal officers who originally represented the bishops, but later erected their offices into fiefs, and became feudal nobles.

Vide
Vi´de, imperative sing. of L. videre, to see; — used to direct attention to something; as vide supra, see above.

Videlicet
Vi•del´i•cet, adv. [L., contr. fr. videre licet, literally, it is easy to see, one may or can see.] To wit; namely; — often abbreviated to viz.

Vidette
Vi•dette´, n. (Mil.) Same Vedette.

Viduage
Vid´u•age, n. [See Vidual.] The state of widows or of widowhood; also widows, collectively.

Viduity
Vi•du´i•ty, n. [L. viduitas: cf. F. viduite.] Widowhood. [R.] "Chaste viduity." Ld. Ellenborough.

Vie, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Vied p. pr. & vb. n. Vying ] [OE. vien, shortened fr. envien, OF. envier to invite, to challenge, a word used in gambling, L. invitare to invite; of uncertain origin. Cf. Invite, Envie.]
1. To stake a sum upon a hand of cards, as in the old game of gleek. See Revie. [Obs.]
2. To strive for superiority; to contend; to use emulous effort, as in a race, contest, or competition.
"In a trading nation, the younger sons may be placed in such a way of life as … to vie with the best of their family." Addison.
"While Waterloo with Cannae’s carnage vies." Byron.

Vie, v. t.
1. To stake; to wager. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
2. To do or produce in emulation, competition, or rivalry; to put in competition; to bandy. [Obs.]
"She hung about my neck; and kiss on kiss She vied so fast." Shak.
"Nor was he set over us to vie wisdom with his Parliament, but to be guided by them." Milton.
"And vying malice with my gentleness, Pick quarrels with their only happiness." Herbert.

Vie, n. A contest for superiority; competition; rivalry; strife; also a challenge; a wager. [Obs.]
"We ’ll all to church together instantly, And then a vie for boys." J. Fletcher.

Vielle
Vi•elle´, n. [F. Cf. Viol.] An old stringed instrument played upon with a wheel; a hurdy- gurdy.

Viennese
Vi•en•nese´, a. Of or pertaining to Vienna, or people of Vienna. — n. sing. & pl. An inhabitant, or the inhabitants, of Vienna.

Vierkleur
Vier´kleur, n. [D., fr. vier four + kleur color, F. couleur.] The four-colored flag of the South African Republic, or Transvaal, — red, white, blue, and green.

View, n. [OF. veue, F. vue, fr. OF. veoir to see, p. p. veu, F. voir, p. p. v. , fr. L. videre to see. See Vision, and cl. Interview, Purview, Review, Vista.]
1. The act of seeing or beholding; sight; look; survey; examination by the eye; inspection.
"Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view." Milton.
"Objects near our view are thought greater than those of a larger size are more remote." Locke.
"Surveying nature with too nice a view." Dryden.
2. Mental survey; intellectual perception or examination; as a just view of the arguments or facts in a case.
"I have with exact view perused thee, Hector." Shak.
3. Power of seeing, either physically or mentally; reach or range of sight; extent of prospect.
"The walls of Pluto’s palace are in view." Dryden.
4. That which is seen or beheld; sight presented to the natural or intellectual eye; scene; prospect; as the view from a window.
"’T is distance lends enchantment to the view." Campbell.
5. The pictorial representation of a scene; a sketch, ither drawn or painted; as a fine view of Lake George.
6. Mode of looking at anything; manner of apprehension; conception; opinion; judgment; as to state one’s views of the policy which ought to be pursued.
"To give a right view of this mistaken part of liberty." Locke.
7. That which is looked towards, or kept in sight, as object, aim, intention, purpose, design; as he did it with a view of escaping.
"No man sets himself about anything but upon some view or other which serves him for a reason." Locke.
8. Appearance; show; aspect. [Obs.]
"[Graces] which, by the splendor of her view Dazzled, before we never knew." Waller. Field of view. See under Field. — Point of view. See under Point. — To have in view, to have in mind as an incident, object, or aim; as to have one’s resignation in view. - - View halloo, the shout uttered by a hunter upon seeing the fox break cover. — View of frankpledge (Law), a court of record, held in a hundred, lordship, or manor, before the steward of the leet. Blackstone. — View of premises (Law), the inspection by the jury of the place where a litigated transaction is said to have occurred.

View, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Viewed p. pr. & vb. n. Viewing.]
1. To see; to behold; especially, to look at with attention, or for the purpose of examining; to examine with the eye; to inspect; to explore.
"O, let me view his visage, being dead." Shak.
"Nearer to view his prey, and, unespied, To mark what of their state he more might learn." Milton.
2. To survey or examine mentally; to consider; as to view the subject in all its aspects.
"The happiest youth, viewing his progress through." Shak.

Viewiness
View´i•ness, n. The quality or state of being viewy, or of having unpractical views.

Viewless
View´less, a. Not perceivable by the eye; invisible; unseen. "Viewless winds." Shak.
"Swift through the valves the visionary fair Repassed, and viewless mixed with common air." Pope. { View´ly, View´some } a. Pleasing to the sight; sightly. [Prov. Eng.]

Viewy
View´y, a.
1. Having peculiar views; fanciful; visionary; unpractical; as a viewy person.
2. Spectacular; pleasing to the eye or the imagination.
"A government intent on showy absurdities and viewy enterprises rather than solid work." London Spectator.

Vifda
Vif´da, n. In the Orkney and Shetland Islands, beef and mutton hung and dried, but not salted. [Scot.] [Written also vivda.] Jamieson.

Vigesimal
Vi•ges´i•mal, a. [L. vigesimus twentieth, from viginti twenty.] Twentieth; divided into, or consisting of, twenties or twenty parts. Tylor.

Vigesimation
Vi•ges•i•ma´tion, n. The act of putting to death every twentieth man. [R.]

Vigesimo-quarto
Vi•ges´i•mo-quar´to, a. [L. vigesimus quartus twenty-fourth. Cf. Duodecimo.] Having twenty-four leaves to a sheet; as a vigesimo-quarto form, book, leaf, size, etc.

Vigesimo-quarto
Vi•ges´i•mo-quar´to, n. ; pl. - tos . A book composed of sheets each of which is folded into twenty-four leaves; hence, indicating more or less definitely a size of book so made; — usually written 24mo, or 24°.

Vigil
Vig´il, n. [OE. vigile, L. vigilia, from vigil awake, watchful, probably akin to E. wake: cf. F. vigile. See Wake, v. i., and cf. Reveille, Surveillance, Vedette, Vegetable, Vigor.]
1. Abstinence from sleep, whether at a time when sleep is customary or not; the act of keeping awake, or the state of being awake, or the state of being awake; sleeplessness; wakefulness; watch. "Worn out by the labors and vigils of many months." Macaulay.
"Nothing wears out a fine face like the vigils of the card table and those cutting passions which attend them." Addison.
2. Hence, devotional watching; waking for prayer, or other religious exercises.
"So they in heaven their odes and vigils tuned." Milton.
"Be sober and keep vigil, The Judge is at the gate." Neale (Rhythm of St. Bernard).
3. (Eccl.) (a) Originally, the watch kept on the night before a feast. (b) Later, the day and the night preceding a feast.
"He that shall live this day, and see old age, Will yearly on the vigil feast his neighbors, And say, "To-morrow is St. Crispian."" Shak. (c) A religious service performed in the evening preceding a feast. Vigils, or Watchings, of flowers (Bot.), a peculiar faculty belonging to the flowers of certain plants of opening and closing their petals as certain hours of the day. [R.]

Vigilancy
Vig´i•lan•cy, n. Vigilance. [Obs.] Fuller.

Vigilant
Vig´i•lant, a. [L. vigilans, - antis, p. pr. of vigilare to watch, fr. vigil awake: cf. F. vigilant. See Vigil.] Attentive to discover and avoid danger, or to provide for safety; wakeful; watchful; circumspect; wary. "Be sober, be vigilant." 1 Pet. v. 8.
"Sirs, take your places, and be vigilant." Shak.

Vigily
Vig´i•ly, n. [L. vigilia.] A vigil. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Vigintivirate
Vi•gin•tiv´i•rate, n. [L. vigintiviratus, fr. vigintiviri; viginti twenty + vir a man.] The office of the vigintiviri, a body of officers of government consisting of twenty men; also the vigintiviri. [R.]

Vignette
Vi•gnette´ ( 277), n. [F. vignette, fr. vigne a vine. See Vine, and cf. Vinette.]
1. (Arch.) A running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.
2. A decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position; hence, by extension, any small picture in a book; hence, also as such pictures are often without a definite bounding line, any picture, as an engraving, a photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

Vignette
Vi•gnette´, v. t. To make, as an engraving or a photograph, with a border or edge insensibly fading away.

Vignette
Vi•gnette´, n. A picture, illustration, or depiction in words, esp. one of a small or dainty kind.

Vignetter
Vi•gnett´er, n.
1. A device used by photographers in printing vignettes, consisting of a screen of paper or glass with a central aperture the edges of which become opaque by intensible gradations.
2. A maker of vignettes.

Vigonia
Vi•go´ni•a, a. [Cf. F. vigogne vicuña. See Vicuña.] Of or pertaining to the vicuña; characterizing the vicuña; — said of the wool of that animal, used in felting hats, and for other purposes. Prescott.

Vigorite
Vig´or•ite, n. [L. vigor strength.] An explosive containing nitroglycerin. It is used in blasting.

Vigoroso
Vig•o•ro´so, a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Vigorous; energetic; with energy; — a direction to perform a passage with energy and force.

Vigorous
Vig´or•ous, a. [Cf. OF. vigoros, F. vigoureux, LL. vigorosus.]
1. Possessing vigor; full of physical or mental strength or active force; strong; lusty; robust; as a vigorous youth; a vigorous plant.
"Famed for his valor, young, At sea successful, vigorous and strong." Waller.
2. Exhibiting strength, either of body or mind; powerful; strong; forcible; energetic; as vigorous exertions; a vigorous prosecution of a war.
"The beginnings of confederacies have been always vigorous and successful." Davenant. — Vig´or•ous•ly, adv. — Vig´or•ous•ness, n.

Viking
Vi´king, n. [Icel. vikingr, fr. vik a bay, inlet.] One belonging to the pirate crews from among the Northmen, who plundered the coasts of Europe in the eighth, ninth, and tenth centuries.
"Of grim Vikings, and the rapture Of the sea fight, and the capture, And the life of slavery." Longfellow. Vikings differs in meaning from sea king, with which frequently confounded. "The sea king was a man connected with a royal race, either of the small kings of the country, or of the Haarfager family, and who, by right, received the title of king as soon he took the command of men, although only of a single ship’s crew, and without having any land or kingdom … Vikings were merely pirates, alternately peasants and pirates, deriving the name of viking from the vicks, wicks, or inlets, on the coast in which they harbored with their long ships or rowing galleys." Laing.

Vilany
Vil´a•ny, n. Villainy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Vilayet
Vi•la•yet´, n. [Turk., from Ar. wilayah.] One of the chief administrative divisions or provinces of the Ottoman Empire; — formerly called eyalet.

Vild, a. [As if the p. p. of a verb to vile. See Vile, a. ] Vile. [Obs.] "That vild race." Spenser. — Vild´ly, adv. [Obs.] Spenser.

Vilifier
Vil´i•fi•er, n. One who vilifies or defames.

Vilify
Vil´i•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vilified p. pr. & vb. n. Vilifying.] [L. vilis vile + -fly; cf. L. vilificare to esteem of little value.]
1. To make vile; to debase; to degrade; to disgrace. [R.]
"When themselves they vilified To serve ungoverned appetite." Milton.
2. To degrade or debase by report; to defame; to traduce; to calumniate. I. Taylor.
"Many passions dispose us to depress and vilify the merit of one rising in the esteem of mankind." Addison.
3. To treat as vile; to despise. [Obs.]
"I do vilify your censure." Beau. & Fl.

Vilipendency
Vil´i•pend´en•cy, n. Disesteem; slight; disparagement. [R.] E. Waterhouse.

Vility
Vil´i•ty, n. [L. vilitas: cf. F. vilete, vilite, OF. vilte.] Vileness; baseness. [Obs.] Kennet.

Vill, n. [OF. ville, vile, a village, F. ville a town, city. See Villa.] A small collection of houses; a village. "Every manor, town, or vill." Sir M. Hale.
"Not should e’er the crested fowl From thorp or vill his matins sound for me." Wordsworth. A word of various significations in English, law; as a manor; a tithing; a town; a township; a parish; a part of a parish; a village. The original meaning of vill, in England, seems to have been derived from the Roman sense of the term villa, a single country residence or farm; a manor. Later, the term was applied only to a collection of houses more than two, and hence came to comprehend towns. Burrill. The statute of Exeter, 14 Edward I., mentions entire- vills, demivills, and hamlets.

Villagery
Vil´lage•ry, n. Villages; a district of villages. [Obs.] "The maidens of the villagery." Shak.

Villain
Vil´lain, n. [OE. vilein, F. vilain, LL. villanus, from villa a village, L. villa a farm. See Villa.]
1. (Feudal Law) One who holds lands by a base, or servile, tenure, or in villenage; a feudal tenant of the lowest class, a bondman or servant. [In this sense written also villan, and villein.]
"If any of my ansectors was a tenant, and a servant, and held his lands as a villain to his lord, his posterity also must do so, though accidentally they become noble." Jer. Taylor. Villains were of two sorts; villains regardant, that is, annexed to the manor (LL. adscripti glebae); and villains in gross, that is, annexed to the person of their lord, and transferable from one to another. Blackstone.
2. A baseborn or clownish person; a boor. [R.]
"Pour the blood of the villain in one basin, and the blood of the gentleman in another, what difference shall there be proved?" Becon.
3. A vile, wicked person; a man extremely depraved, and capable or guilty of great crimes; a deliberate scoundrel; a knave; a rascal; a scamp.
"Like a villain with a smiling cheek." Shak.
"Calm, thinking villains, whom no faith could fix." Pope.

Villain
Vil´lain, a. [F. vilain.] Villainous. [R.] Shak.

Villain
Vil´lain, v. t. To debase; to degrade. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

Villainous
Vil´lain•ous, a. [Written also villanous.]
1. Base; vile; mean; depraved; as a villainous person or wretch.
2. Proceeding from, or showing, extreme depravity; suited to a villain; as a villainous action.
3. Sorry; mean; mischievous; — in a familiar sense. "A villainous trick of thine eye." Shak. Villainous judgment (O. E. Law), a judgment that casts reproach on the guilty person. —- Vil´lain•ous•ly, adv. Vil´lain•ous•ness, n.

Villainy
Vil´lain•y, n. ; pl. Villainies (#). [OE. vilanie, OF. vilanie, vilainie, vileinie, vilanie, LL. villania. See Villain, n. ] [Written also villany.]
1. The quality or state of being a villain, or villainous; extreme depravity; atrocious wickedness; as the villainy of the seducer. "Lucre of vilanye." Chaucer.
"The commendation is not in his wit, but in his villainy." Shak.
2. Abusive, reproachful language; discourteous speech; foul talk. [Archaic]
"He never yet not vileinye ne said In all his life, unto no manner wight." Chaucer.
"In our modern language, it [foul language] is termed villainy, as being proper for rustic boors, or men of coarsest education and employment." Barrow.
"Villainy till a very late day expressed words foul and disgraceful to the utterer much oftener than deeds." Trench.
3. The act of a villain; a deed of deep depravity; a crime.
"Such villainies roused Horace into wrath." Dryden.
"That execrable sum of all villainies commonly called a slave trade." John Wesley.

Villan
Vil´lan, n. A villain. [R.]

Villanage
Vil´lan•age ( 48), n. [OF. villenage, vilenage. See Villain.]
1. (Feudal Law) The state of a villain, or serf; base servitude; tenure on condition of doing the meanest services for the lord. [In this sense written also villenage, and villeinage.]
"I speak even now as if sin were condemned in a perpetual villanage, never to be manumitted." Milton.
"Some faint traces of villanage were detected by the curious so late as the days of the Stuarts." Macaulay.
2. Baseness; infamy; villainy. [Obs.] Dryden.

Villanelle
Vil•la•nelle´, n. [F.] A poem written in tercets with but two rhymes, the first and third verse of the first stanza alternating as the third verse in each successive stanza and forming a couplet at the close. E. W. Gosse.

Villanette
Vil•la•nette´, n. [Dim. of villa; formed on the analogy of the French.] A small villa. [R.]

Villanize
Vil´lan•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Villanized; p. pr. & vb. n. Villanizing ] To make vile; to debase; to degrade; to revile. [R.]
"Were virtue by descent, a noble name Could never villanize his father’s fame." Dryden.

Villanous
Vil´lan•ous, a. Vil´lan•ous•ly, adv. , Vil´lan•ous•ness, n. , See Villainous, etc.

Villi
Vil´li, n. , pl. of Villus.

Villose
Vil•lose´, a. (Bot.) See Villous.

Villous
Vil´lous, a. [L. villosus: cf. F. villeux. Cf. Velvet.]
1. Abounding in, or covered with, fine hairs, or a woolly substance; shaggy with soft hairs; nappy.
2. (Anat.) Furnished or clothed with villi.

Vim, n. [L., accusative of vis strength.] Power; force; energy; spirit; activity; vigor. [Colloq.]

Vimen
Vi´men, n. [L., a twig.] (Bot.) A long, slender, flexible shoot or branch.

Viminal
Vim´i•nal ( 277), a. [L. viminalis pertaining to osiers, fr. vimen a pliant twig, osier.] Of or pertaining to twigs; consisting of twigs; producing twigs.

Vimineous
Vi•min´e•ous ( 277), a. [L. vimineus, fr. vimen pliant twig.]
1. Of or pertaining to twigs; made of pliant twigs. "In the hive’s vimineous dome." Prior.
2. (Bot.) Producing long, slender twigs or shoots.

Vin ordinaire
Vin• or•di•naire" [F., lit., common wine.] A cheap claret, used as a table wine in France.

Vinaceous
Vi•na´ceous ( 277), a. [L. vinaceus. See Vine.]
1. Belonging to, or like, wine or grapes.
2. Of the color of wine, especially of red wine.

Vinaigrous
Vin´ai•grous, a. [F. vinaigre vinegar.]
1. Resembling vinegar; sour.
2. Fig.: Unamiable; morose. Carlyle.

Vinasse
Vi•nasse´, n. [F.] (Chem.) The waste liquor remaining in the process of making beet sugar, — used in the manufacture of potassium carbonate.

Vinatico
Vi•nat´i•co, n. [Pg. vinhatico.] Madeira mahogany; the coarse, dark-colored wood of the Persea Indica.

Vincentian
Vin•cen´tian, a. Of or pertaining to Saint Vincent de Paul, or founded by him. [R.]

Vincentian
Vin•cen´tian, n. (R. C. Ch.) (a) Same as Lazarist. (b) A member of certain charitable sisterhoods.

Vincibility
Vin•ci•bil´i•ty, n. The quality or state of being vincible, vincibleness.

Vincible
Vin´ci•ble, a. [L. vincibilis, fr. vincere to vanquish, conquer: cf. F. vincible. See Victor.] Capable of being overcome or subdued; conquerable. "He, not vincible in spirit … drew his sword." Hayward. "Vincible by human aid." Paley. Vincible ignorance (Theol.), ignorance within the individual’s control and for which, therefore, he is responsible before God.

Vincture
Vinc´ture ( 135), n. [L. vinctura, fr. vincire, vinctum, to bind.] A binding. [Obs.]

Vinculum
Vin´cu•lum, n. ; pl. L. Vincula (#), E. Vinculums (#). [L., from vincire, vinctum, to bind.]
1. A bond of union; a tie.
2. (Math.) A straight, horizontal mark placed over two or more members of a compound quantity, which are to be subjected to the same operation, as in the expression x² + y² - x + y.
3. (Anat.) A band or bundle of fibers; a fraenum.
4. (Zoöl.) A commissure uniting the two main tendons in the foot of certain birds.

Vindemial
Vin•de´mi•al, a. [L. vindemialis, fr. vindemia a vintage. See Vintage.] Of or pertaining to a vintage, or grape harvest. [R.]

Vindicable
Vin´di•ca•ble, a. Capable of being vindicated. — Vin•di•ca•bil´i•ty (#), n.

Vindicate
Vin´di•cate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vindicated p. pr. & vb. n. Vindicating.] [L. vindicatus, p. p. of vindicare to lay claim to, defend, avenge. See Vengeance.]
1. To lay claim to; to assert a right to; to claim. [R.]
"Is thine alone the seed that strews the plain? The birds of heaven shall vindicate their grain." Pope.
2. To maintain or defend with success; to prove to be valid; to assert convincingly; to sustain against assault; as to vindicate a right, claim, or title.
3. To support or maintain as true or correct, against denial, censure, or objections; to defend; to justify.
"When the respondent denies any proposition, the opponent must directly vindicate … that proposition." I. Watts.
"Laugh where we must, be candid where we can, But vindicate the ways of God to man." Pope.
4. To maintain, as a law or a cause, by overthrowing enemies. Milton.
5. To liberate; to set free; to deliver. [Obs.]
"I am confident he deserves much more That vindicates his country from a tyrant Than he that saves a citizen." Massinger.
6. To avenge; to punish; as a war to vindicate or punish infidelity. [Obs.] Bacon.
"God is more powerful to exact subjection and to vindicate rebellion." Bp. Pearson.
Syn. — To assert; maintain; claim. See Assert.

Vindicatory
Vin´di•ca•to•ry, a.
1. Tending or serving to vindicate or justify; justificatory; vindicative.
2. Inflicting punishment; avenging; punitory.
"The afflictions of Job were no vindicatory punishments to take vengeance of his sins." Abp. Bramhall.

Vindictive
Vin•dic´tive, a. [For vindicative, confused with L. vindicta revenge, punishment, fr. vindicare to vindicate. Cf. Vindicative.]
1. Disposed to revenge; prompted or characterized by revenge; revengeful.
"I am vindictive enough to repel force by force." Dryden.
2. Punitive. [Obs.] Vindictive damages. (Law) See under Damage, n. — Vin•dic´tive•ly, adv. — Vin•dic´tive•ness, n.

Vine-clad
Vine´-clad, a. Covered with vines.

Vined, a. Having leaves like those of the vine; ornamented with vine leaves. "Vined and figured columns." Sir H. Wotton.

Vinedresser
Vine´dress•er, n. One who cultivates, prunes, or cares for, grapevines; a laborer in a vineyard.
"The sons of the shall be your plowmen and your vinedressers." Isa. lxi. 5.

Vinegar
Vin´e•gar, n. [OE. vinegre, F. vinaigre; vin wine (L. vinum) + aigre sour. See Wine, and Eager, a. ]
1. A sour liquid used as a condiment, or as a preservative, and obtained by the spontaneous ( acetous) fermentation, or by the artificial oxidation, of wine, cider, beer, or the like. The characteristic sourness of vinegar is due to acetic acid, of which it contains from three to five per cent. Wine vinegar contains also tartaric acid, citric acid, etc.
2. Hence, anything sour; — used also metaphorically.
"Here’s the challenge: … I warrant there’s vinegar and pepper in’t." Shak. Aromatic vinegar, strong acetic acid highly flavored with aromatic substances. — Mother of vinegar. See 4th Mother. — Radical vinegar, acetic acid. — Thieves’ vinegar. See under Thief. — Vinegar eel (Zoöl.), a minute nematode worm ( Leptodera oxophila, or Anguillula acetiglutinis), commonly found in great numbers in vinegar, sour paste, and other fermenting vegetable substances; — called also vinegar worm. — Vinegar lamp (Chem.), a fanciful name of an apparatus designed to oxidize alcohol to acetic acid by means of platinum. — Vinegar plant. See 4th Mother. — Vinegar tree (Bot.), the stag-horn sumac ( Rhus typhina), whose acid berries have been used to intensify the sourness of vinegar. — Wood vinegar. See under Wood.

Vinegar
Vin´e•gar, v. t. To convert into vinegar; to make like vinegar; to render sour or sharp. [Obs.]
"Hoping that he hath vinegared his senses As he was bid." B. Jonson.

Vinegar fly
Vin"e•gar fly. Any of several fruit flies, esp. Drosophila ampelopophila, which breed in imperfectly sealed preserves and in pickles.

Vinegarette
Vin•e•gar•ette´, n. See Vinaigrette, n. , 2.

Vinegary
Vin´e•gar•y, a. Having the nature of vinegar; sour; unamiable.

Viner
Vin´er, n. A vinedresser. [Obs.]

Vinery
Vin´er•y, n.
1. A vineyard. [Obs.] "The vinery of Ramer." Fabyan.
2. A structure, usually inclosed with glass, for rearing and protecting vines; a grapery.

Vinette
Vi•nette´, n. [Cf. Vignette.] A sprig or branch. [Archaic] Halliwell.

Vingt et un
Vingt• et• un" [F., twenty and one.] A game at cards, played by two or more persons. The fortune of each player depends upon obtaining from the dealer such cards that the sum of their pips, or spots, is twenty-one, or a number near to it.

Vingtun
Vingt•un´, n. Contraction for Vingt et un.

Viniculture
Vin´i•cul•ture, n. [L. vinum wine + cultura culture.] The cultivation of the vine, esp. for making wine; viticulture.

Vinification
Vin•i•fi•ca´tion, n. [L. vinum wine + E. -fication.] The conversion of a fruit juice or other saccharine solution into alcohol by fermentation.

Vinnewed
Vin´newed, a. [See Fenowed.] Moldy; musty. [Written also vinewed.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] — Vin´newed•ness, n. [Obs.]
"Many of Chaucer’s words are become, as it were, vinnewed and hoary with over-long lying." F. Beaumont.

Vinolency
Vin´o•len•cy, n. [L. vinolentina. See Vinolent.] Drunkennes. [Obs.]

Vinometer
Vin•om´e•ter, n. [L. vinum vine + -meter.] An instrument for determining the strength or purity of wine by measuring its density.

Vinose
Vi•nose´, a. Vinous.

Vinosity
Vi•nos´i•ty, n. [L. vinositas: cf. F. vinosite.] The quality or state of being vinous.

Vinous
Vi´nous, a. [L. vinosus, fr. vinum wine: cf. F. vineux. See Wine.] Of or pertaining to wine; having the qualities of wine; as a vinous taste.

Vintner
Vint´ner, n. [OE. vintener, viniter, OF. vinetier, vinotier, LL. vinetarius, fr. L. vinetum a vineyard, fr. vinum wine. See Wine.] One who deals in wine; a wine seller, or wine merchant.

Vinyl
Vi´nyl, n. [L. vinum wine + - yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical C₂H₃, regarded as the characteristic residue of ethylene and that related series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with which the allyl compounds are homologous.

Viol
Vi´ol, n. [F. viole; cf. Pr. viola, viula, Sp., Pg., & It. viola, LL. vitula; of uncertain origin; perhaps from L. vitulari to celebrate a festival, keep holiday, be joyful, perhaps originally, to sacrifice a calf ( vitulus; cf. Veal). Cf. Fiddle, Vielle, 2d Viola, Violin.]
1. (Mus.) A stringed musical instrument formerly in use, of the same form as the violin, but larger, and having six strings, to be struck with a bow, and the neck furnished with frets for stopping the strings.
"Me softer airs befit, and softer strings Of lute, or viol still, more apt for mournful things." Milton. The name is now applied as a general term to designate instruments of the violin kind, as tenor viol, bass viol, etc.
2. (Naut.) A large rope sometimes used in weighing anchor. [Written also voyal, and voyal.] Totten.

Violaniline
Vi•o•lan´i•line, n. [ Violet + aniline.] (Chem.) A dyestuff of the induline group, made from aniline, and used as a substitute for indigo in dyeing wool and silk a violet-blue or a gray-blue color.

Violantin
Vi•o•lan´tin, n. [See Violuric.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous substance, produced as a yellow crystalline substance, and regarded as a complex derivative of barbituric acid.

Violascent
Vi•o•las´cent, a. Violescent. [R.]

Violate
Vi´o•late, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Violates p. pr. & vb. n. Violating.] [L. violatus, p. p. of violare to violate, fr. vis strength, force. See Violent.]
1. To treat in a violent manner; to abuse.
"His wife Boadicea violated with stripes, his daughters with rape." Milton.
2. To do violence to, as to anything that should be held sacred or respected; to profane; to desecrate; to break forcibly; to trench upon; to infringe.
"Violated vows ’Twixt the souls of friend and friend." Shak.
"Oft have they violated The temple, oft the law, with foul affronts." Milton.
3. To disturb; to interrupt. "Employed, it seems, to violate sleep." Milton.
4. To commit rape on; to ravish; to outrage.
Syn. — To injure; disturb; interrupt; infringe; transgress; profane; deflour; debauch; dishonor.

Violative
Vi´o•la•tive, a. Violating, or tending to violate.

Violator
Vi´o•la•tor, n. [L.] One who violates; an infringer; a profaner; a ravisher.

Viole
Vi´ole, n. A vial. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Violence
Vi´o•lence, n. [F., fr. L. violentia. See Violent.]
1. The quality or state of being violent; highly excited action, whether physical or moral; vehemence; impetuosity; force.
"That seal You ask with such a violence, the king, Mine and your master, with his own hand gave me." Shak.
"All the elements At least had gone to wrack, disturbed and torn With the violence of this conflict." Milton.
2. Injury done to that which is entitled to respect, reverence, or observance; profanation; infringement; unjust force; outrage; assault.
"Do violence to do man." Luke iii. 14.
"We can not, without offering violence to all records, divine and human, deny an universal deluge." T. Burnet.
"Looking down, he saw The whole earth filled with violence." Milton.
3. Ravishment; rape; constupration. To do violence on, to attack; to murder. "She … did violence on herself." Shak. — To do violence to, to outrage; to injure; as he does violence to his own opinions.
Syn. — Vehemence; outrage; fierceness; eagerness; violation; infraction; infringement; transgression; oppression.

Violence
Vi´o•lence, v. t. To assault; to injure; also to bring by violence; to compel. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Violent
Vi´o•lent, a. [F., from L. violentus, from vis strength, force; probably akin to Gr. a muscle, strength.]
1. Moving or acting with physical strength; urged or impelled with force; excited by strong feeling or passion; forcible; vehement; impetuous; fierce; furious; severe; as a violent blow; the violent attack of a disease.
"Float upon a wild and violent sea." Shak.
"A violent cross wind from either coast." Milton.
2. Acting, characterized, or produced by unjust or improper force; outrageous; unauthorized; as a violent attack on the right of free speech.
"To bring forth more violent deeds." Milton.
"Some violent hands were laid on Humphrey’s life." Shak.
3. Produced or effected by force; not spontaneous; unnatural; abnormal.
"These violent delights have violent ends." Shak.
"No violent state can be perpetual." T. Burnet.
"Ease would recant Vows made in pain, as violent and void." Milton. Violent presumption (Law), presumption of a fact that arises from proof of circumstances which necessarily attend such facts. — Violent profits (Scots Law), rents or profits of an estate obtained by a tenant wrongfully holding over after warning. They are recoverable in a process of removing.
Syn. — Fierce; vehement; outrageous; boisterous; turbulent; impetuous; passionate; severe; extreme.

Violent
Vi´o•lent, n. An assailant. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Violent
Vi´o•lent, v. t. [Cf. F. violenter.] To urge with violence. [Obs.] Fuller.

Violent
Vi´o•lent, v. i. To be violent; to act violently. [Obs.]
"The grief is fine, full, perfect, that I taste, And violenteth in a sense as strong As that which causeth it." Shak.

Violently
Vi´o•lent•ly, adv. In a violent manner.

Violescent
Vi•o•les´cent, a. [L. viola a violet.] Tending to a violet color; violascent.

Violet
Vi´o•let, n. [F. violette a violet (cf. violet violet-colored), dim. of OF. viole a violet, L. viola; akin to Gr. . Cf. Iodine.]
1. (Bot.) Any plant or flower of the genus Viola, of many species. The violets are generally low, herbaceous plants, and the flowers of many of the species are blue, while others are white or yellow, or of several colors, as the pansy ( Viola tricolor). The cultivated sweet violet is Viola odorata of Europe. The common blue violet of the eastern United States is V. cucullata; the sand, or bird-foot, violet is V. pedata.
2. The color of a violet, or that part of the spectrum farthest from red. It is the most refrangible part of the spectrum.
3. In art, a color produced by a combination of red and blue in equal proportions; a bluish purple color. Mollett.
4. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of small violet-colored butterflies belonging to Lycaena, or Rusticus, and allied genera. Corn violet. See under Corn. — Dame’s violet. (Bot.) See Damewort. — Dogtooth violet. (Bot.) See under Dogtooth. — Water violet (Bot.), an aquatic European herb ( Hottonia palustris) with pale purplish flowers and pinnatifid leaves.

Violet
Vi´o•let, a. [Cf. F. violet. See Violet, n. ] Dark blue, inclining to red; bluish purple; having a color produced by red and blue combined. Violet shell (Zoöl.), any species of Ianthina; — called also violet snail. See Ianthina. — Violet wood, a name given to several kinds of hard purplish or reddish woods, as king wood, myall wood, and the wood of the Andira violacea, a tree of Guiana.

Violet-tip
Vi´o•let-tip´, n. (Zoöl.) A very handsome American butterfly ( Polygonia interrogationis). Its wings are mottled with various shades of red and brown and have violet tips.

Violin
Vi•o•lin´, n. [It. violino, dim. of viola. See Viol.] (Mus.) A small instrument with four strings, played with a bow; a fiddle. The violin is distinguished for the brilliancy and gayety, as well as the power and variety, of its tones, and in the orchestra it is the leading and most important instrument.

Violist
Vi´ol•ist, n. [Cf. F. violiste.] A player on the viol.

Violoncellist
Vi•o•lon•cel´list, n. [Cf. F. violoncelliste, It. violoncellista.] A player on the violoncello.

Violoncello
Vi•o•lon•cel´lo ( 277), n. [It. violoncello, dim. of violone a bass viol. See Violone.] (Mus.) A stringed instrument of music; a bass viol of four strings, or a bass violin with long, large strings, giving sounds an octave lower than the viola, or tenor or alto violin.

Violuric
Vi•o•lu´ric, a. [ Violet + barbit uric.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitroso derivative of barbituric acid. It is obtained as a white or yellow crystalline substance, and forms characteristic yellow, blue, and violet salts.

Viper
Vi´per, n. [F. vipère, L. vipera, probably contr. fr. vivipera; vivus alive + parere to bring forth, because it was believed to be the only serpent that brings forth living young. Cf. Quick, a. , Parent, Viviparous, Wivern, Weever.]
1. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of Old World venomous makes belonging to Vipera, Clotho, Daboia, and other genera of the family Viperidae.
"There came a viper out of the heat, and fastened on his hand." Acts xxviii. 3. Among the best-known species are the European adder ( Pelias berus), the European asp ( Vipera aspis), the African horned viper ( V. cerastes), and the Indian viper ( Daboia Russellii).
2. A dangerous, treacherous, or malignant person.
"Who committed To such a viper his most sacred trust Of secrecy." Milton. Horned viper. (Zoöl.) See Cerastes. — Red viper (Zoöl.), the copperhead. — Viper fish (Zoöl.), a small, slender, phosphorescent deep-sea fish ( Chauliodus Sloanii). It has long ventral and dorsal fins, a large mouth, and very long, sharp teeth. — Viper’s bugloss (Bot.), a rough-leaved biennial herb ( Echium vulgare) having showy purplish blue flowers. It is sometimes cultivated, but has become a pestilent weed in fields from New York to Virginia. Also called blue weed. — Viper’s grass (Bot.), a perennial composite herb ( Scorzonera Hispanica) with narrow, entire leaves, and solitary heads of yellow flowers. The long, white, carrot-shaped roots are used for food in Spain and some other countries. Called also viper grass.

Viperish
Vi´per•ish, a. Somewhat like a viper; viperous. { Vi•per•oi´de•a, Vi•per•oi´des } n. pl. [NL. See Viper, and -oid.] (Zoöl.) A division of serpents which includes the true vipers of the Old World and the rattlesnakes and moccasin snakes of America; — called also Viperina.

Viperous
Vi´per•ous, a. Having the qualities of a viper; malignant; venomous; as a viperous tongue. "This viperous slander." Shak. — Vi´per•ous•ly, adv.

Viraginian
Vi•ra•gin´i•an, a. Of or pertaining to a virago; having the qualities of a virago. Milton.

Viraginity
Vi•ra•gin´i•ty, n. The qualities or characteristics of a virago.

Virago
Vi•ra´go ( 277), n. ; pl. Viragoes (#). [L. virago, -intis, from vir a man. See Virile.]
1. A woman of extraordinary stature, strength, and courage; a woman who has the robust body and masculine mind of a man; a female warrior.
"To arms! to arms! the fierce virago cries." Pope.
2. Hence, a mannish woman; a bold, turbulent woman; a termagant; a vixen.
"Virago … serpent under femininity." Chaucer.

Virent
Vi´rent, a. [L. virens, p. pr. of virere to be green.] Green; not withered. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Vireo
Vir´e•o, n. [L., a species of bird.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of American singing birds belonging to Vireo and allied genera of the family Vireonidae. In many of the species the back is greenish, or olive-colored. Called also greenlet. In the Eastern United States the most common species are the white-eyed vireo ( Vireo Noveboracensis), the redeyed vireo ( V. olivaceus), the blue-headed, or solitary, vireo ( V. solitarius), the warbling vireo ( V. gilvus), and the yellow-throated vireo ( V. flavifrons). All these are noted for the sweetness of their songs.

Virescence
Vi•res´cence, (Bot.) The act or state of becoming green through the formation of chlorophyll.

Virescent
Vi•res´cent, a. [L. virescens, p. pr. of virescere to grow green, verb incho. fr. virere to be green.] Beginning to be green; slightly green; greenish.

Vireton
Vir´e•ton, n. [F. See Vire.] An arrow or bolt for a crossbow having feathers or brass placed at an angle with the shaft to make it spin in flying.

Virgated
Vir´ga•ted, a. [L. virgatus striped. See Virgate, a. ] Striped; streaked. [Obs.]

Virgin
Vir´gin, n. [L. virgo, - inis: cf. OF. virgine, virgene, virge, vierge, F. vierge.]
1. A woman who has had no carnal knowledge of man; a maid.
2. A person of the male sex who has not known sexual indulgence. [Archaic] Wyclif.
"These are they which were not defiled with women; for they are virgins." Rev. xiv. 4.
"He his flesh hath overcome; He was a virgin, as he said." Gower.
3. (Astron.) See Virgo.
4. (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of gossamer-winged butterflies of the family Lycaenidae.
5. (Zoöl.) A female insect producing eggs from which young are hatched, though there has been no fecundation by a male; a parthenogenetic insect. The Virgin, or The Blessed Virgin, the Virgin Mary, the Mother of our Lord. — Virgin’s bower (Bot.), a name given to several climbing plants of the genus Clematis, as C. Vitalba of Europe, and C. Virginiana of North America.

Virgin
Vir´gin, a.
1. Being a virgin; chaste; of or pertaining to a virgin; becoming a virgin; maidenly; modest; indicating modesty; as a virgin blush. "Virgin shame." Cowley.
"Innocence and virgin modesty … That would be wooed, and unsought be won." Milton.
2. Pure; undefiled; unmixed; fresh; new; as virgin soil; virgin gold. "Virgin Dutch." G. W. Cable.
"The white cold virgin snow upon my heart." Shak.
"A few ounces of mutton, with a little virgin oil." Landor.
3. Not yet pregnant; impregnant. Milton.

Virgin
Vir´gin, v. i. To act the virgin; to be or keep chaste; — followed by it. See It, 5. [Obs.] "My true lip hath virgined it e’er since [that kiss]." Shak.

Virginhood
Vir´gin•hood, n. Virginity; maidenhood.

Virginia
Vir•gin´i•a, n. One of the States of the United States of America. — a. Of or pertaining to the State of Virginia. Virginia cowslip (Bot.), the American lungwort ( Mertensia Virginica). — Virginia creeper (Bot.), a common ornamental North American woody vine ( Ampelopsis quinquefolia), climbing extensively by means of tendrils; — called also woodbine, and American ivy. [U. S.] — Virginia fence. See Worm fence, under Fence. — Virginia nightingale (Zoöl.), the cardinal bird. See under Cardinal. — Virginia quail (Zoöl.), the bobwhite. — Virginia reel, an old English contradance; — so called in the United States. Bartlett. — Virginia stock. (Bot.) See Mahon stock.

Virgo
Vir´go, n. [L. virgo a virgin, the constellation Virgo in the zodiac. See Virgin.] (Astron.) (a) A sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st of August, marked thus [&Virgo;] in almanacs. (b) A constellation of the zodiac, now occupying chiefly the sign Libra, and containing the bright star Spica.

Virgularian
Vir•gu•la´ri•an, n. [From. L. virgula a small rod.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of long, slender Alcyonaria belonging to Virgularia and allied genera of the family Virgularidae. These corals are allied to the sea-pens, but have a long rodlike rhachis inclosing a slender, round or square, calcareous axis. The polyps are arranged in transverse rows or clusters along each side of the rhachis.

Virgulate
Vir´gu•late, a. Shaped like a little twig or rod.

Virgule
Vir´gule, n. [F. virgule, fr. L. virgula, dim. of virga. See Verge a rod.] A comma. [R.]
"In the MSS. of Chaucer, the line is always broken by a caesura in the middle, which is pointed by a virgule." Hallam.

Virid
Vir´id, a. [L. viridis green. See Verdant.] Green. [Obs.]
"The virid marjoram Her sparkling beauty did but see." Crompton.

Viridescent
Vir•i•des´cent, a. [L. viridescens, p. pr. of viridescere to grow green.] Slightly green; greenish.

Viridine
Vir´i•dine, n. [L. viridis green.] (Chem.) A greenish, oily, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, C₁₂H₁₉N₇, obtained from coal tar, and probably consisting of a mixture of several metameric compounds which are higher derivatives of the base pyridine.

Viridite
Vir´i•dite, n. [L. viridis green.] (Min.) A greenish chloritic mineral common in certain igneous rocks, as diabase, as a result of alternation.

Viridity
Vi•rid´i•ty, n. [L. viriditas, fr. viridis green: cf. F. viridite. See Verdant.]
1. Greenness; verdure; the color of grass and foliage.
2. Freshness; soundness. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Virile
Vi´rile ( 277), a. [L. virilis, fr. vir a man; akin to AS. wer: cf. F. viril. See Werewolf, World, and cf. Decemvir, Virago, Virtue.] Having the nature, properties, or qualities, of an adult man; characteristic of developed manhood; hence, masterful; forceful; specifically, capable of begetting; — opposed to womanly, feminine, and puerile; as virile age, virile power, virile organs.

Viripotent
Vi•rip´o•tent, a. [L. vir man + potens fit for.] Developed in manhood; hence, able to beget; marriageable. [Obs.]
"Being not of ripe years, not viripotent." Holinshed.

Virmilion
Vir•mil´ion, n. See Vermilion. [R.]

Virose
Vi•rose´, a. [L. virosus. See Virus.] Having a nauseous odor; fetid; poisonous. [R.]

Virtually
Vir´tu•al•ly, adv. In a virtual manner; in efficacy or effect only, and not actually; to all intents and purposes; practically.

Virtuate
Vir´tu•ate, v. t. To make efficacious; to give virtue of efficacy. [Obs.] Harvey.

Virtue
Vir´tue ( 135), n. [OE. vertu, F. vertu, L. virtus strength, courage, excellence, virtue, fr. vir a man. See Virile, and cf. Virtu.]
1. Manly strength or courage; bravery; daring; spirit; valor. [Obs.] Shak.
"Built too strong For force or virtue ever to expugn." Chapman.
2. Active quality or power; capacity or power adequate to the production of a given effect; energy; strength; potency; efficacy; as the virtue of a medicine.
"Jesus, immediately knowing in himself that virtue had gone out of him, turned him about." Mark v. 30.
"A man was driven to depend for his security against misunderstanding, upon the pure virtue of his syntax." De Quincey.
"The virtue of his midnight agony." Keble.
3. Energy or influence operating without contact of the material or sensible substance.
"She moves the body which she doth possess, Yet no part toucheth, but by virtue’s touch." Sir. J. Davies.
4. Excellence; value; merit; meritoriousness; worth.
"I made virtue of necessity." Chaucer.
"In the Greek poets, … the economy of poems is better observed than in Terence, who thought the sole grace and virtue of their fable the sticking in of sentences." B. Jonson.
5. Specifically, moral excellence; integrity of character; purity of soul; performance of duty.
"Virtue only makes our bliss below." Pope.
"If there’s Power above us, And that there is all nature cries aloud Through all her works, he must delight in virtue." Addison.
6. A particular moral excellence; as the virtue of temperance, of charity, etc. "The very virtue of compassion." Shak. "Remember all his virtues." Addison.
7. Specifically: Chastity; purity; especially, the chastity of women; virginity.
"H. I believe the girl has virtue. M. And if she has I should be the last man in the world to attempt to corrupt it." Goldsmith.
8. pl. One of the orders of the celestial hierarchy.
"Thrones, dominations, princedoms, virtues, powers." Milton. Cardinal virtues. See under Cardinal, a. — In, or By, virtue of, through the force of; by authority of. "He used to travel through Greece by virtue of this fable, which procured him reception in all the towns." Addison. "This they shall attain, partly in virtue of the promise made by God, and partly in virtue of piety." Atterbury. — Theological virtues, the three virtues, faith, hope, and charity. See 1 Cor. xiii. 13.

Virtuosity
Vir•tu•os´i•ty, n.
1. The quality or state of being a virtuoso; in a bad sense, the character of one in whom mere artistic feeling or aesthetic cultivation takes the place of religious character; sentimentalism.
"This famous passage … over which the virtuosity of modern times, rejoicing in evil, has hung so fondly." C. Kingsley.
2. Virtuosos, collectively. Carlyle.
3. An art or study affected by virtuosos.

Virtuoso
Vir•tu•o´so, n. ; pl. Virtuosos (#); It. Virtuosi (#). [It. See Virtuous.]
1. One devoted to virtu; one skilled in the fine arts, in antiquities, and the like; a collector or ardent admirer of curiosities, etc.
"Virtuoso the Italians call a man who loves the noble arts, and is a critic in them." Dryden.
2. (Mus.) A performer on some instrument, as the violin or the piano, who excels in the technical part of his art; a brilliant concert player.

Virtuous
Vir´tu•ous ( 135), a. [OE. vertuous, OF. vertuos, vertuous, F. vertueux, fr. L. Virtuous. See Virtue, and cf. Virtuoso.]
1. Possessing or exhibiting virtue. Specifically: — (a) Exhibiting manly courage and strength; valorous; valiant; brave. [Obs.]
"Old Priam’s son, amongst them all, was chiefly virtuous." Chapman. (b) Having power or efficacy; powerfully operative; efficacious; potent. [Obs.] Chaucer.
"Lifting up his virtuous staff on high, He smote the sea, which calmed was with speed." Spenser.
"Every virtuous plant and healing herb." Milton. (c) Having moral excellence; characterized by morality; upright; righteous; pure; as a virtuous action.
"The virtuous mind that ever walks attended By a strong siding champion, conscience." Milton.
2. Chaste; pure; — applied especially to women.
"Mistress Ford … the virtuous creature, that hath the jealous fool to her husband." Shak. — Vir´tu•ous•ly, adv. — Vir´tu•ous•ness, n. { Vir´u•lence, Vir´u•len•cy } n. [Cf. F. virulence, L. virulentia an offensive odor, a stench.]
1. The quality or state of being virulent or venomous; poisonousness; malignancy.
2. Extreme bitterness or malignity of disposition. "Refuted without satirical virulency." Barrow.
"The virulence of one declaimer, or the profundities and sublimities of the other." I. Taylor.

Virulently
Vir´u•lent•ly, adv. In a virulent manner.

Virus
Vi´rus, n. [L., a slimy liquid, a poisonous liquid, poison, stench; akin to Gr. poison, Skr. visha. Cf. Wizen, v. i.]
1. (Med.) (a) Contagious or poisonous matter, as of specific ulcers, the bite of snakes, etc.; — applied to organic poisons. (b) The special contagion, inappreciable to the senses and acting in exceedingly minute quantities, by which a disease is introduced into the organism and maintained there. The specific virus of diseases is now regarded as a microscopic living vegetable organism which multiplies within the body, and, either by its own action or by the associated development of a chemical poison, causes the phenomena of the special disease.
2. Fig.: Any morbid corrupting quality in intellectual or moral conditions; something that poisons the mind or the soul; as the virus of obscene books.

Visa
Vi´sa, n. [F.] See Vis.

Visa
Vi´sa, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Visaed p. pr. & vb. n. Visaing.] To indorse, after examination, with the word vise, as a passport; to vise.

Visaged
Vis´aged, a. Having a visage. Shak.

Visard
Vis´ard, n. A mask. See Visor.

Visard
Vis´ard, v. t. To mask.

Vis-a-vis
Vis•-a-vis´, n. [F., opposite, face to face.]
1. One who, or that which, is face to face with another; esp., one who faces another in dancing.
2. A carriage in which two persons sit face to face. also a form of sofa with seats for two persons, so arranged that the occupants are face to face while sitting on opposite sides.

Vis-a-vis
Vis•-a-vis´, adv. Face to face.

Visayan
Vi•sa´yan, n. [Cf. Sp. Bisayo a Visayan.] A member of the most numerous of the native races of the Philippines, occupying the Visayan Islands and the northern coast Mindanao; also their language. The Visayans possessed a native culture and alphabet.

Viscacha
Vis•ca´cha, Viz-ca´cha, n. [Sp.] (Zoöl.) A large burrowing South American rodent ( Lagostomus trichodactylus) allied to the chinchillas but much larger. Its fur is soft and rather long, mottled gray above, white or yellowish white beneath. There is a white band across the muzzle, and a dark band on each cheek. It inhabits grassy plains, and is noted for its extensive burrows and for heaping up miscellaneous articles at the mouth of its burrows. Called also biscacha, bizcacha, vischacha, vishatscha.

Viscera
Vis´ce•ra, n. , pl. of Viscus.

Viscerate
Vis´cer•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Viscerated p. pr. & vb. n. Viscerating.] To deprive of the viscera, or entrails; to eviscerate; to disembowel.

Viscid
Vis´cid, a. [L. viscidus, fr. viscum the mistletoe, birdlime made from the berries of the mistletoe; akin to Gr. : cf. F. viscide.] Sticking or adhering, and having a ropy or glutinous consistency; viscous; glutinous; sticky; tenacious; clammy; as turpentine, tar, gums, etc., are more or less viscid.

Viscidity
Vis•cid´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. viscidite.] The quality or state of being viscid; also that which is viscid; glutinous concretion; stickiness.

Viscin
Vis´cin, n. (Chem.) A clear, viscous, tasteless substance extracted from the mucilaginous sap of the mistletoe ( Viscum album), holly, etc., and constituting an essential ingredient of birdlime.

Viscoidal
Vis•coid´al, a. Somewhat viscous. Cf. Mobile, a. , 2.

Viscosity
Vis•cos´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. viscosite, LL. viscositas.]
1. The quality or state of being viscous.
2. (Physics) A quality analogous to that of a viscous fluid, supposed to be caused by internal friction, especially in the case of gases.

Viscount
Vis´count, n. [OE. vicounte, OF. visconte, vescunte, F. vicomte, LL. vicecomes; L. vice (see Vice, a. ) + comes a companion, LL., a count. See Count.]
1. (O. Eng. Law) An officer who formerly supplied the place of the count, or earl; the sheriff of the county.
2. A nobleman of the fourth rank, next in order below an earl and next above a baron; also his degree or title of nobility. See Peer, n. , 3. [Eng.] Chaucer.

Viscountess
Vis´count•ess, n. [F. vicomtesse, LL. vicecomitissa.] The wife of a viscount. { Vis´count•ship, Vis´count•y } n. [F. vicomte.] The quality, rank, or office of a viscount.

Viscous
Vis´cous, a. [L. viscosus. See Viscid.] Adhesive or sticky, and having a ropy or glutinous consistency; viscid; glutinous; clammy; tenacious; as a viscous juice. — Vis´cous•ness, n. There is no well-defined distinction in meaning between viscous and viscid.

Viscus
Vis´cus, n. ; pl. Viscera (#). [L., perhaps akin to E. viscid.] (Anat.) One of the organs, as the brain, heart, or stomach, in the great cavities of the body of an animal; — especially used in the plural, and applied to the organs contained in the abdomen.

Vise, n. [F. vis a screw, winding stairs, OF. vis, viz, fr. L. vitis a vine; probably akin to E. withy.] An instrument consisting of two jaws, closing by a screw, lever, cam, or the like, for holding work, as in filing. [Written also vice.]

Vise
Vi•se´, n. [F. vise, p. p. of viser to put a visa to, fr. L. visus seen, p. p. of videre to see.] An indorsement made on a passport by the proper authorities of certain countries on the continent of Europe, denoting that it has been examined, and that the person who bears it is permitted to proceed on his journey; a visa.

Vise
Vi•se´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Viseed p. pr. & vb. n. Viseing.] To examine and indorse, as a passport; to visa.

Visibility
Vis•i•bil´i•ty, n. [L. visibilitas: cf. F. visibilite.] The quality or state of being visible.

Visible
Vis´i•ble, a. [L. visibilis, fr. videre, visum, to see: cf. F. visible. See Vision.]
1. Perceivable by the eye; capable of being seen; perceptible; in view; as a visible star; the least spot is visible on white paper.
"Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible." Bk. of Com. Prayer.
"Virtue made visible in outward grace." Young.
2. Noticeable; apparent; open; conspicuous. Shak.
"The factions at court were greater, or more visible, than before." Clarendon. Visible church (Theol.), the apparent church of Christ on earth; the whole body of professed believers in Christ, as contradistinguished from the invisible, or real, church, consisting of sanctified persons. — Visible horizon. Same as Apparent horizon, under Apparent. — Vis´i•ble•ness, n. — Vis´i•bly, adv.

Visigoth
Vis´i•goth, n. [L. Visegothae, pl. Cf. West, and Goth.] One of the West Goths. See the Note under Goth. — Vis•i•goth´ic (#), a.

Visionariness
Vi´sion•a•ri•ness, n. The quality or state of being visionary.

Visionary
Vi´sion•a•ry, a. [Cf. F. visionnaire.]
1. Of or pertaining to a visions or visions; characterized by, appropriate to, or favorable for, visions.
"The visionary hour When musing midnight reigns." Thomson.
2. Affected by phantoms; disposed to receive impressions on the imagination; given to reverie; apt to receive, and act upon, fancies as if they were realities.
"Or lull to rest the visionary maid." Pope.
3. Existing in imagination only; not real; fanciful; imaginary; having no solid foundation; as visionary prospect; a visionary scheme or project. Swift.
Syn. — Fanciful; fantastic; unreal. See Fanciful.

Visionary
Vi´sion•a•ry, n. ; pl. Visionaries .
1. One whose imagination is disturbed; one who sees visions or phantoms.
2. One whose imagination overpowers his reason and controls his judgment; an unpractical schemer; one who builds castles in the air; a daydreamer.

Visioned
Vi´sioned, a. Having the power of seeing visions; inspired; also seen in visions. [R.] Shelley.

Visionist
Vi´sion•ist, n. A visionary.

Visionless
Vi´sion•less, a. Destitute of vision; sightless.

Visit
Vis´it, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Visited; p. pr. & vb. n. Visiting.] [F. visiter, L. visitare, fr. visere to go to see, to visit, fr. videre, visum to see. See Vision.]
1. To go or come to see, as for the purpose of friendship, business, curiosity, etc.; to attend; to call upon; as the physician visits his patient.
2. Specifically: To go or come to see for inspection, examination, correction of abuses, etc.; to examine, to inspect; as a bishop visits his diocese; a superintendent visits persons or works under his charge.
3. (Script.) To come to for the purpose of chastising, rewarding, comforting; to come upon with reward or retribution; to appear before or judge; as to visit in mercy; to visit one in wrath.
"[God] hath visited and redeemed his people." Like i. 68.

Visit
Vis´it, v. i. To make a visit or visits; to maintain visiting relations; to practice calling on others.

Visit
Vis´it, n. [Cf. F. visite. See Visit, v. t., and cf. Visite.]
1. The act of visiting, or going to see a person or thing; a brief stay of business, friendship, ceremony, curiosity, or the like, usually longer than a call; as a visit of civility or respect; a visit to Saratoga; the visit of a physician.
2. The act of going to view or inspect; an official or formal inspection; examination; visitation; as the visit of a trustee or inspector. Right of visit (Internat. Law), the right of visitation. See Visitation, 4.

Visitant
Vis´it•ant, n. [L. visitans, - antis; p. pr.: cf. F. visitant.] One who visits; a guest; a visitor.
"When the visitant comes again, he is no more a stranger." South.

Visitant
Vis´it•ant, a. Visiting. Wordsworth.

Visitation
Vis•it•a´tion, n. [L. visitatio: cf. F. visitation.]
1. The act of visiting, or the state of being visited; access for inspection or examination.
"Nothing but peace and gentle visitation." Shak.
2. Specifically: The act of a superior or superintending officer who, in the discharge of his office, visits a corporation, college, etc., to examine into the manner in which it is conducted, and see that its laws and regulations are duly observed and executed; as the visitation of a diocese by a bishop.
3. The object of a visit. [Obs.] "O flowers, … my early visitation and my last." Milton.
4. (Internat. Law) The act of a naval commander who visits, or enters on board, a vessel belonging to another nation, for the purpose of ascertaining her character and object, but without claiming or exercising a right of searching the vessel. It is, however, usually coupled with the right of search (see under Search), visitation being used for the purpose of search.
5. Special dispensation; communication of divine favor and goodness, or, more usually, of divine wrath and vengeance; retributive calamity; retribution; judgment.
"What will ye do in the day of visitation?" Isa. x. 3.
6. (Eccl.) A festival in honor of the visit of the Virgin Mary to Elisabeth, mother of John the Baptist, celebrated on the second of July. The Order of the Visitation of Our Lady (R. C. Ch.), a religious community of nuns, founded at Annecy, in Savoy, in 1610, and in 1808 established in the United States. In America these nuns are devoted to the education of girls.

Visite
Vi•site´, n. [F. See Visit, n. ] A light cape or short cloak of silk or lace worn by women in summer.

Visiting
Vis´it•ing, a. & vb. n. from Visit. Visiting ant. (Zoöl.) See Driver ant, under Driver. — Visiting book, a book in which a record of visits received, made, and to be made, is kept. Thackeray. — Visiting card. See under Card.

Vison
Vi´son, n. [F.] (Zoöl.) The mink.

Visor
Vis´or, n. [OE. visere, F. visière, fr. OF. vis. See Visage, Vision.] [Written also visar, visard, vizard, and vizor.]
1. A part of a helmet, arranged so as to lift or open, and so show the face. The openings for seeing and breathing are generally in it.
2. A mask used to disfigure or disguise. "My very visor began to assume life." Shak.
"My weaker government since, makes you pull off the visor." Sir P. Sidney.
3. The fore piece of a cap, projecting over, and protecting the eyes.

Vista
Vis´ta, n. ; pl. Vistas (#). [It., sight, view, fr. vedere, p. p. visto, veduto, to see, fr. L. videre, visum. See View, Vision.] A view; especially, a view through or between intervening objects, as trees; a view or prospect through an avenue, or the like; hence, the trees or other objects that form the avenue.
"The finished garden to the view Its vistas opens, and its alleys green." Thomson.
"In the groves of their academy, at the end of every vista, you see nothing but the gallows." Burke.
"The shattered tower which now forms a vista from his window." Sir W. Scott.

Visual
Vis´u•al, a. [L. visualis, from visus a seeing, sight: cf. F. visuel. See Vision.]
1. Of or pertaining to sight; used in sight; serving as the instrument of seeing; as the visual nerve.
"The air, Nowhere so clear, sharpened his visual ray." Milton.
2. That can be seen; visible. [R.] Visual angle. (Opt.) See under Angle. — Visual cone (Persp.), a cone whose vertex is at the point of sight, or the eye. — Visual plane, any plane passing through the point of sight. — Visual point, the point at which the visual rays unite; the position of the eye. — Visual purple (Physiol.), a photochemical substance, of a purplish red color, contained in the retina of human eyes and in the eyes of most animals. It is quickly bleached by light, passing through the colors, red, orange, and yellow, and then disappearing. Also called rhodopsin, and vision purple. See Optography. — Visual ray, a line from the eye, or point of sight. — Visual white (Physiol.), the final product in the action of light on visual purple. It is reconverted into visual purple by the regenerating action of the choroidal epithelium. — Visual yellow (Physiol.), a product intermediate between visual purple and visual white, formed in the photochemical action of light on visual purple.

Visualizer
Vis´u•al•iz•er, n. One who visualizes or is proficient in visualization; esp. (Physiol.), one whose mental imagery is prevailingly visualization.

Vitaille
Vi•taille, n. [See Victuals.] Food; victuals. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Chaucer.

Vitalic
Vi•tal´ic, a. Pertaining to life; vital. [R.]

Vitalism
Vi´tal•ism, n. (Biol.) The doctrine that all the functions of a living organism are due to an unknown vital principle distinct from all chemical and physical forces.

Vitalist
Vi•tal•ist, n. (Biol.) A believer in the theory of vitalism; — opposed to physicist.

Vitalistic
Vi•tal•is´tic, a. (Biol.) Pertaining to, or involving, vitalism, or the theory of a special vital principle.

Vitality
Vi•tal´i•ty ( 277), n. [L. vitalitas: cf. F. vitalite.] The quality or state of being vital; the principle of life; vital force; animation; as the vitality of eggs or vegetable seeds; the vitality of an enterprise.

Vitalization
Vi•tal•i•za´tion, n. The act or process of vitalizing, or infusing the vital principle.

Vitalize
Vi´tal•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vitalized p. pr. & vb. n. Vitalizing ] [Cf. F. vitaliser.] To endow with life, or vitality; to give life to; to make alive; as vitalized blood.

Vitals
Vi´tals, n. pl.
1. Organs that are necessary for life; more especially, the heart, lungs, and brain.
2. Fig.: The part essential to the life or health of anything; as the vitals of a state. "The vitals of the public body." Glanvill.

Vitascope
Vi´ta•scope, n. [L. vita life + -scope.] A form of machine for exhibiting animated pictures.

Vitellary
Vit´el•la•ry ( 277), a. [L. vitellus a little calf, the yolk of an egg.] (Biol.) Vitelline.

Vitelligenous
Vit•el•lig´e•nous, a. (Zoöl.) Producing yolk, or vitelline substance; — applied to certain cells (also called nutritive, or yolk, cells) formed in the ovaries of many insects, and supposed to supply nutriment to the developing ova.

Vitellin
Vi•tel´lin, n. [See Vitellus.] (Physiol. Chem.) An albuminous body, belonging to the class of globulins, obtained from yolk of egg, of which it is the chief proteid constituent, and from the seeds of many plants. From the latter it can be separated in crystalline form.

Vitellogene
Vi•tel´lo•gene, n. [See Vitellus, and -gen.] (Zoöl.) A gland secreting the yolk of the eggs in trematodes, turbellarians, and some other helminths.

Viticulose
Vi•tic´u•lose, a. [L. viticula, dim. of vitis vine.] (Bot.) Having long and slender trailing stems.

Viticultural
Vit•i•cul´tur•al ( 135), a. Of or pertaining to viticulture.

Viticulture
Vit´i•cul•ture, n. [L. vitis vine + E. culture.] The cultivation of the vine; grape growing.

Viticulturist
Vit•i•cul´tur•ist, n. One engaged in viticulture.

Vitiligo
Vit•i•li´go, n. [L., a kind of tetter, fr. vitium blemish, vice.] (Med.) A rare skin disease consisting in the development of smooth, milk-white spots upon various parts of the body.

Vitilitigate
Vit•i•lit´i•gate, v. i. [L. vitilitigare to quarrel disgracefully; vitium vice + litigare to quarrel.] To contend in law litigiously or cavilously. [Obs.]

Vitilitigation
Vit•i•lit•i•ga´tion, n. Cavilous litigation; cavillation. [Obs.] Hudibras.

Vitiosity
Vi•ti•os´i•ty, n. [L. vitiositas. See Vicious.] Viciousness; depravity.
"The perverseness and vitiosity of man’s will." South.

Vitoe
Vi´to•e, a. (Zoöl.) See Durukuli.

Vitrella
Vi•trel´la, n. [NL., dim. of L. vitrum glass.] (Zoöl.) One of the transparent lenslike cells in the ocelli of certain arthropods.

Vitre-o-electic
Vit•re-o-e•lec´tic, a. [See Vitreous, and Electric.] (Physics) Containing or exhibiting positive, or vitreous, electricity.

Vitrescence
Vi•tres´cence, n. The quality or state of being vitreous; glassiness, or the quality of being vitrescent; capability of conversion into glass; susceptibility of being formed into glass. Kirwan.

Vitrescent
Vi•tres´cent, a. [See Vitreous.] Capable of being formed into glass; tending to become glass.

Vitric
Vit´ric, a. [L. vitrum glass.] Having the nature and qualities of glass; glasslike; — distinguished from ceramic.

Vitrics
Vit´rics, n. [See Vitric.]
1. The art or study of the manufacture and decoration of glassware.
2. pl. Articles of glassware, glassware in general.

Vitrifiable
Vit´ri•fi•a•ble, a. [Cf. F. vitrifiable.] Capable of being vitrified, or converted into glass by heat and fusion; as flint and alkalies are vitrifiable.

Vitrificable
Vi•trif´i•ca•ble, a. Vitrifiable. [Obs.]

Vitrificate
Vit´ri•fi•cate, v. t. To convert into glass; to vitrify. [Obs.] Bacon.

Vitrification
Vit•ri•fi•ca´tion, n. [See Vitrify.] Same as Vitrifaction. Sir T. Browne. Ure.

Vitriform
Vit´ri•form, a. [L. vitrum glass + -form.] Having the form or appearance of glass; resembling glass; glasslike.

Vitrify
Vit´ri•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vitrified p. pr. & vb. n. Vitrifying ] [F. vitrifier; L. vitrum glass + - ficare to make. See Vitreous, -fy.] To convert into, or cause to resemble, glass or a glassy substance, by heat and fusion.

Vitrify
Vit´ri•fy, v. t. To become glass; to be converted into glass.
"Chymists make vessels of animal substances, calcined, which will not vitrify in the fire." Arbuthnot.

Vitrina
Vi•tri´na, n. [NL., fr. L. vitrum glass.] (Zoöl.) A genus of terrestrial gastropods, having transparent, very thin, and delicate shells, — whence the name.

Vitrine
Vit´rine, n. [F.] A glass show case for displaying fine wares, specimens, etc.

Vitriol
Vit´ri•ol, n. [F. vitriol; cf. Pr. vitriol, vetriol, Sp. & Pg. vitriolo, It. vitriuolo; fr. L. vitreolus of glass, vitreus vitreous. See Vitreous.] (Chem.) (a) A sulphate of any one of certain metals, as copper, iron, zinc, cobalt. So called on account of the glassy appearance or luster. (b) Sulphuric acid; — called also oil of vitriol. So called because first made by the distillation of green vitriol. See Sulphuric acid, under Sulphuric. [Colloq.] Blue vitriol. See under Blue. — Green vitriol, ferrous sulphate; copperas. See under Green. — Oil of vitriol, sulphuric or vitriolic acid; — popularly so called because it has the consistency of oil. — Red vitriol, a native sulphate of cobalt. — Vitriol of Mars, ferric sulphate, a white crystalline substance which dissolves in water, forming a red solution. — White vitriol, zinc sulphate, a white crystalline substance used in medicine and in dyeing. It is usually obtained by dissolving zinc in sulphuric acid, or by roasting and oxidizing certain zinc ores. Formerly called also vitriol of zinc.

Vitriol
Vit´ri•ol, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. -oled or -olled; p. pr. & vb. n. -oling or -olling.] [From Vitriol, n. ]
1. (Metal.) To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle.
2. To vitriolize. [Colloq.]

Vitriolated
Vit´ri•o•la•ted, a. (Old Chem.) Changed into a vitriol or a sulphate, or subjected to the action of sulphuric acid or of a sulphate; as vitriolated potash, i. e., potassium sulphate.

Vitriolation
Vit•ri•o•la´tion, n. (Old Chem.) The act, process, or result of vitriolating.

Vitriolic
Vit•ri•ol´ic, a. [Cf. F. vitriolique.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to vitriol; derived from, or resembling, vitriol; vitriolous; as a vitriolic taste. Cf. Vitriol. Vitriolic acid (Old Chem.), (a) sulphuric acid. See Vitriol (b). [Colloq.]

Vitriolization
Vit•ri•ol•i•za´tion, n. [Cf. F. vitriolisation.] (Old Chem.) The act of vitriolizing, or the state of being vitriolized; vitriolation.

Vitriolize
Vit´ri•ol•ize, v. t. [Cf. F. vitrioliser.] To convert into a vitriol; to vitriolate.

Vitriolize
Vit´ri•ol•ize, v. t. To injure (a person) with vitriol, or sulphuric acid, as by throwing it upon the face.

Vitriolous
Vi•tri´o•lous, a. See Vitriolic. [Obs.]

Vitro-di-trina
Vit´ro-di-tri´na, n. [It. vetro di trina glass of lace.] A kind of Venetian glass or glassware in which white threads are embedded in transparent glass with a lacelike or netlike effect.

Vitruvian
Vi•tru´vi•an, a. Of or pertaining to Vitruvius, an ancient Roman architect. Vitruvian scroll (Arch.), a name given to a peculiar pattern of scrollwork, consisting of convolved undulations. It is used in classical architecture. Oxf. Gloss.

Vitta
Vit´ta, n. ; pl. Vittae (#). [L. vitta ribbon, fillet.]
1. (Bot.) One of the oil tubes in the fruit of umbelliferous plants.
2. (Zoöl.) A band, or stripe, of color.

Vittate
Vit´tate, a. [L. vittatus bound with a fillet, fr. vitta fillet.]
1. (Bot.) Bearing or containing vittae.
2. Striped longitudinally.

Vituline
Vit´u•line ( 277), a. [L. vitulinus, fr. vitulus a calf. See Veal.] Of or pertaining to a calf or veal.

Vituperate
Vi•tu´per•ate ( 277), v. t. [L. vituperatus, p. p. of vituperare to blame, vituperate; vitium a fault + parare to prepare. See Vice a fault, and Pare, v. t.] To find fault with; to scold; to overwhelm with wordy abuse; to censure severely or abusively; to rate.

Vituperator
Vi•tu´per•a•tor, n. [L.] One who vituperates, or censures abusively.

Vituperrious
Vi•tu•per´ri•ous, a. Worthy of vituperation; shameful; disgraceful. [Obs.]

Viva
Vi´va, interj. [It.] Lit., (long) live; — an exclamation expressing good will, well wishing, etc. — n. The word viva, or a shout or sound made in uttering it.
"A wilder burst of "vivas"." R. H. Davis.

Viva voce
Vi"va vo"ce (v>imac/"va vo"se). [L.] By word of mouth; orally.

Vivace
Vi•va´ce, a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Brisk; vivacious; with spirit; — a direction to perform a passage in a brisk and lively manner.

Vivacious
Vi•va´cious ( 277), a. [L. vívax, -acis, fr. vivere to live. See Vivid.]
1. Having vigorous powers of life; tenacious of life; long-lived. [Obs.]
"Hitherto the English bishops have been vivacious almost to wonder… . But five died for the first twenty years of her [Queen Elizabeth’s] reign." Fuller.
"The faith of Christianity is far more vivacious than any mere ravishment of the imagination can ever be." I. Taylor.
2. Sprightly in temper or conduct; lively; merry; as a vivacious poet. "Vivacious nonsense." V. Knox.
3. (Bot.) Living through the winter, or from year to year; perennial. [R.]
Syn. — Sprightly; active; animated; sportive; gay; merry; jocund; light-hearted. — Vi•va´cious•ly, adv. — Vi•va´cious•ness, n.

Vivarium
Vi•va´ri•um, n. ; pl. E. Vivariums (#), L. Vivaria (#). [L., fr. vivarius belonging to living creatures, fr. vivus alive, living. See Vivid.] A place artificially arranged for keeping or raising living animals, as a park, a pond, an aquarium, a warren, etc.

Vivda
Viv´da (viv"da), n. See Vifda.

Vivency
Vi´ven•cy, n. [L. vivens, p. pr. of vivere to live.] Manner of supporting or continuing life or vegetation. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Viverra
Vi•ver´ra, n. [L., a ferret.] (Zoöl.) A genus of carnivores which comprises the civets.

Viverrine
Vi•ver´rine, a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Viverridae, or Civet family.

Vivers
Vi´vers, n. pl. [F. vivres, pl. of vivre, orig., to live.] Provisions; victuals. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
"I ’ll join you at three, if the vivers can tarry so long." Sir W. Scott.

Vives, n. [OF. vives, F. avives (cf. Sp. abivas, adiva) fr. Ar. ad- dhiba. Cf. Fives vives.] (Far.) A disease of brute animals, especially of horses, seated in the glands under the ear, where a tumor is formed which sometimes ends in suppuration.

Vivid
Viv´id, a. [L. vividus, from vivere to life; akin to vivus living. See Quick, a. , and cf. Revive, Viand, Victuals, Vital.]
1. True to the life; exhibiting the appearance of life or freshness; animated; spirited; bright; strong; intense; as vivid colors.
"In dazzling streaks the vivid lightnings play." Cowper.
"Arts which present, with all the vivid charms of painting, the human face and human form divine." Bp. Hobart.
2. Forming brilliant images, or painting in lively colors; lively; sprightly; as a vivid imagination.
"Body is a fit workhouse for sprightly, vivid faculties to exercise … themselves in." South.
Syn. — Clear; lucid; bright; strong; striking; lively; quick; sprightly; active. — Viv´id•ly, adv. — Viv´id•ness, n.

Vivificative
Viv´i•fi•ca•tive, a. Able or tending to vivify, animate, or give life; vivifying.

Vivify
Viv´i•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vivified p. pr. & vb. n. Vivifying ] [F. vivifier, L. vivificare. See Vivid, -fy; cf. Vivificate.] To endue with life; to make to be living; to quicken; to animate.
"Sitting on eggs doth vivify, not nourish." Bacon.

Viviparous
Vi•vip´a•rous, a. [L. viviparus; vivus alive + parere to bear, bring forth. Cf. Viper.] (Biol.) Producing young in a living state, as most mammals, or as those plants the offspring of which are produced alive, either by bulbs instead of seeds, or by the seeds themselves germinating on the plant, instead of falling, as they usually do; — opposed to oviparous. Viviparous fish. (Zoöl.) See Embiotocoid. — Viviparous shell (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of operculated fresh- water gastropods belonging to Viviparus, Melantho, and allied genera. Their young, when born, have a well-developed spiral shell.

Viviparousness
Vi•vip´a•rous•ness, n. (Biol.) The quality of being viviparous; viviparity.

Vivisect
Viv´i•sect, v. t. To perform vivisection upon; to dissect alive. [Colloq.] Pop. Sci. Monthly.

Vivisection
Viv•i•sec´tion, n. [L. vivus alive + E. section: cf. F. vivisection. See Vivid, and Section.] The dissection of an animal while alive, for the purpose of making physiological investigations.

Vivisectionist
Viv•i•sec´tion•ist, n. One who practices or advocates vivisection; a vivisector.