Th. In Old English, the article the, when the following word began with a vowel, was often written with elision as if a part of the word. Thus in Chaucer, the forms thabsence, tharray, thegle, thend, thingot, etc., are found for the absence, the array, the eagle, the end, etc. { Thack, Thack´er }. See Thatch, Thatcher. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Thalamencephalon
Thal•a•men•ceph´a•lon, n. [NL. See Thalamus, and Encephalon.] (Anat.) The segment of the brain next in front of the midbrain, including the thalami, pineal gland, and pituitary body; the diencephalon; the interbrain.
Thalamic
Tha•lam´ic, a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a thalamus or to thalami. { Thal•a•mi•flo´ral, Thal•a•mi•flo´rous } a. [See Thalamus, and Floral.] (Bot.) Bearing the stamens directly on the receptacle; — said of a subclass of polypetalous dicotyledonous plants in the system of De Candolle.
Thalamophora
Thal•a•moph´o•ra, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. qa•lamos chamber + to bear.] (Zoöl.) Same as Foraminifera.
Thalamus
Thal´a•mus, n. ; pl. Thalami (#). [L. thalamus chamber, Gr. qa•lamos.]
1. (Anat.) A mass of nervous matter on either side of the third ventricle of the brain; — called also optic thalamus.
2. (Bot.) (a) Same as Thallus. (b) The receptacle of a flower; a torus.
Thalassian
Tha•las´si•an, n. [From Gr. the sea.] (Zoöl.) Any sea tortoise.
Thaler
Tha´ler, n. [G. See Dollar.] A German silver coin worth about three shillings sterling, or about 73 cents.
Thaliacea
Tha•li•a´ce•a, n. pl. [NL. See Thalia.] (Zoöl.) A division of Tunicata comprising the free-swimming species, such as Salpa and Doliolum.
Thalian
Tha•li´an, a. Of or pertaining to Thalia; hence, of or pertaining to comedy; comic.
Thallate
Thal´late, n. (Chem.) A salt of a hypothetical thallic acid.
Thalloid
Thal´loid, a. [ Thallus + - oid.] (Bot.) Resembling, or consisting of, thallus.
Thallophyta
Thal•loph´y•ta, n. pl. [NL. See Thallophyte.] (Bot.) A phylum of plants of very diverse habit and structure, including the algae, fungi, and lichens. The simpler forms, as many blue-green algae, yeasts, etc., are unicellular and reproduce vegetatively or by means of asexual spores; in the higher forms the plant body is a thallus, which may be filamentous or may consist of plates of cells; it is commonly undifferentiated into stem, leaves, and roots, and shows no distinct tissue systems; the fronds of many algae, however, are modified to serve many of the functions of the above- named organs. Both asexual and sexual reproduction, often of a complex type, occur in these forms. The Thallophyta exist almost exclusively as gametophytes, the sporophyte being absent or rudimentary. By those who do not separate the Myxophyta from the Tallophyta as a distinct phylum the latter is treated as the lowermost group in the vegetable kingdom.
Thallophyte
Thal´lo•phyte, n. [Gr. young shoot + plant.] (Bot.) Same as Thallogen.
Thalweg
Thal´weg, n. [G., fr. thal valley + weg way. See Dale; Way.] (Physiography) (a) A line following the lowest part of a valley, whether under water or not. (b) The line of continuous maximum descent from any point on a land surface, or that cutting all contours and angles.
Thamnophile
Tham´no•phile, n. [Gr. qa•mnos a bush + fi•los loving.] (Zoöl.) A bush shrike.
Than (than), conj. [OE. than, thon, then, thanne, thonne, thenne, than, then, AS. ðanne, ðonne, ðaenne; akin to D. dan, OHG. danne, G. dann then, denn than, for, Goth. þan then, and to E. the, there, that. See That, and cf. Then.] A particle expressing comparison, used after certain adjectives and adverbs which express comparison or diversity, as more, better, other, otherwise, and the like. It is usually followed by the object compared in the nominative case. Sometimes, however, the object compared is placed in the objective case, and than is then considered by some grammarians as a preposition. Sometimes the object is expressed in a sentence, usually introduced by that; as I would rather suffer than that you should want.
"Behold, a greater than Solomon is here." Matt. xii. 42.
"Which when Beelzebub perceived, than whom,
Satan except, none higher sat." Milton.
"It’s wiser being good than bad;
It’s safer being meek than fierce;
It’s fitter being sane than mad." R. Browning.
Than, adv. Then. See Then. [Obs.] Gower.
"Thanne longen folk to gon on pilgrimages." Chaucer.
Thanage
Than´age, n. The district in which a thane anciently had jurisdiction; thanedom.
Thanatoid
Than´a•toid, a. [Gr. qa•natos death + -oid.] Deathlike; resembling death. Dunglison.
Thanedom
Thane´dom, n. The property or jurisdiction of a thane; thanage. Sir W. Scott.
Thanehood
Thane´hood, n. The character or dignity of a thane; also thanes, collectively. J. R. Green.
Thank (tha&nsmac;k), n. ; pl. Thanks (#). [AS. þanc, þonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. þökk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. þagks thanks; — originally, a thought, a thinking. See Think.] A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; — now generally used in the plural. "This ceremonial thanks." Massinger.
"If ye do good to them which do good to you, what thank have ye? for sinners also do even the same." Luke vi. 33.
"What great thank, then, if any man, reputed wise and constant, will neither do, nor permit others under his charge to do, that which he approves not, especially in matter of sin?" Milton.
"Thanks, thanks to thee, most worthy friend,
For the lesson thou hast taught." Longfellow. His thanks, Her thanks, etc., of his or her own accord; with his or her good will; voluntary. [Obs.]
"Full sooth is said that love ne lordship,
Will not, his thanks, have no fellowship." Chaucer. — In thank, with thanks or thankfulness. [Obs.] — Thank offering, an offering made as an expression of thanks.
Thank, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thanked p. pr. & vb. n. Thanking.] [AS. þancian. See Thank, n. ] To express gratitude to (anyone) for a favor; to make acknowledgments to (anyone) for kindness bestowed; — used also ironically for blame.
""Graunt mercy, lord, that thank I you," quod she." Chaucer.
"I thank thee for thine honest care." Shak.
"Weigh the danger with the doubtful bliss,
And thank yourself if aught should fall amiss." Dryden.
Thankly
Thank´ly, adv. Thankfully. [Obs.] Sylvester (Du Bartas).
Thanksgive
Thanks´give, v. t. To give or dedicate in token of thanks. [Obs. or R.] Mede.
Thanksgiver
Thanks´giv•er, n. One who gives thanks, or acknowledges a kindness. Barrow.
Thankworthiness
Thank´wor•thi•ness, n. The quality or state of being thankworthy.
That, pron., a., conj., & adv. [AS. ðaet, neuter nom. & acc. sing. of the article (originally a demonstrative pronoun). The nom. masc. se, and the nom. fem. seó are from a different root. AS. ðaet is akin to D. dat, G. das, OHG. daz, Sw. & Dan. det, Icel. þat (masc. sa, fem. so), Goth. þata (masc. sa, fem. so), Gr. (masc., fem. ), Skr. tat (for tad, masc. sas, fem. sa); cf. L. is tud that. rad.184. Cf. The, Their, They, Them, This, Than, Since.]
1. As a demonstrative pronoun ( pl. Those), that usually points out, or refers to, a person or thing previously mentioned, or supposed to be understood. That, as a demonstrative, may precede the noun to which it refers; as that which he has said is true; those in the basket are good apples.
"The early fame of Gratian was equal to that of the most celebrated princes." Gibbon. That may refer to an entire sentence or paragraph, and not merely to a word. It usually follows, but sometimes precedes, the sentence referred to.
"That be far from thee, to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked." Gen. xviii. 25.
"And when Moses heard that, he was content." Lev. x. 20.
"I will know your business, Harry, that I will." Shak. That is often used in opposition to this, or by way of distinction, and in such cases this, like the Latin hic and French ceci, generally refers to that which is nearer, and that, like Latin ille and French cela, to that which is more remote. When they refer to foreign words or phrases, this generally refers to the latter, and that to the former.
"Two principles in human nature reign;
Self-love, to urge, and Reason, to restrain;
Nor this a good, nor that a bad we call." Pope.
"If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this or that." James iv. 16.
2. As an adjective, that has the same demonstrative force as the pronoun, but is followed by a noun.
"It shall be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment, than for that city." Matt. x. 15.
"The woman was made whole from that hour." Matt. ix. 22. That was formerly sometimes used with the force of the article the, especially in the phrases that one, that other, which were subsequently corrupted into th’tone, th’tother (now written t’other).
"Upon a day out riden knightes two … That one of them came home, that other not." Chaucer.
3. As a relative pronoun, that is equivalent to who or which, serving to point out, and make definite, a person or thing spoken of, or alluded to, before, and may be either singular or plural.
"He that reproveth a scorner getteth to himself shame." Prov. ix. 7.
"A judgment that is equal and impartial must incline to the greater probabilities." Bp. Wilkins. If the relative clause simply conveys an additional idea, and is not properly explanatory or restrictive, who or which (rarely that) is employed; as the king that (or who) rules well is generally popular; Victoria, who (not that) rules well, enjoys the confidence of her subjects. Ambiguity may in some cases be avoided in the use of that (which is restrictive) instead of who or which, likely to be understood in a coördinating sense. Bain. That was formerly used for that which, as what is now; but such use is now archaic.
"We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen." John iii. 11.
"That I have done it is thyself to wite [blame]." Chaucer. That, as a relative pronoun, cannot be governed by a preposition preceding it, but may be governed by one at the end of the sentence which it commences.
"The ship that somebody was sailing in." Sir W. Scott. In Old English, that was often used with the demonstratives he, his, him, etc., and the two together had the force of a relative pronoun; thus, that he = who; that his = whose; that him = whom.
"I saw to-day a corpse yborn to church That now on Monday last I saw him wirche [work]." Chaucer. Formerly, that was used, where we now commonly use which, as a relative pronoun with the demonstrative pronoun that as its antecedent.
"That that dieth, let it die; and that that is to cut off, let it be cut off." Zech. xi. 9.
4. As a conjunction, that retains much of its force as a demonstrative pronoun. It is used, specifically: — (a) To introduce a clause employed as the object of the preceding verb, or as the subject or predicate nominative of a verb.
"She tells them ’t is a causeless fantasy,
And childish error, that they are afraid." Shak.
"I have shewed before, that a mere possibility to the contrary, can by no means hinder a thing from being highly credible." Bp. Wilkins. (b) To introduce, a reason or cause; — equivalent to for that, in that, for the reason that, because.
"He does hear me;
And that he does, I weep." Shak. (c) To introduce a purpose; — usually followed by may, or might, and frequently preceded by so, in order, to the end, etc.
"These things I say, that ye might be saved." John v. 34.
"To the end that he may prolong his days." Deut. xvii. 20. (d) To introduce a consequence, result, or effect; — usually preceded by so or such, sometimes by that.
"The birds their notes renew, and bleating herds
Attest their joy, that hill and valley rings." Milton.
"He gazed so long That both his eyes were dazzled." Tennyson. (e) To introduce a clause denoting time; — equivalent to in which time, at which time, when.
"So wept Duessa until eventide, That shining lamps in Jove’s high course were lit." Spenser.
"Is not this the day That Hermia should give answer of her choice?" Shak. (f) In an elliptical sentence to introduce a dependent sentence expressing a wish, or a cause of surprise, indignation, or the like.
"Ha, cousin Silence, that thou hadst seen that that this knight and I have seen!" Shak.
"O God, that right should thus overcome might!" Shak. That was formerly added to other conjunctions or to adverbs to make them emphatic.
"To try if that our own be ours or no." Shak. That is sometimes used to connect a clause with a preceding conjunction on which it depends.
"When he had carried Rome and that we looked
For no less spoil than glory." Shak.
5. As adverb: To such a degree; so; as he was that frightened he could say nothing. [Archaic or in illiteral use.] All that, everything of that kind; all that sort.
"With singing, laughing, ogling, and all that." Pope.
"The rank is but the guinea’s stamp,
The man’s the gowd [gold] for a’that." Burns. — For that. See under For, prep. — In that. See under In, prep.
Thatch, n. [OE. thak, AS. þaec a roof; akin to þeccean to cover, D. dak a roof, dekken to cover, G. dach a roof, decken 8cover, Icel. þak a roof, Sw. tak, Dan. tag, Lith. stogas, Ir. teagh a house, Gael. teach, tigh, W. ty, L. tegere to cover, toga a toga, Gr.,, a roof, to cover, Skr. sthag. Cf. Deck, Integument, Tile, Toga.]
1. Straw, rushes, or the like, used for making or covering the roofs of buildings, or of stacks of hay or grain.
2. (Bot.) A name in the West Indies for several kinds of palm, the leaves of which are used for thatching. Thatch sparrow, the house sparrow. [Prov. Eng.]
Thatch, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thatched p. pr. & vb. n. Thatching.] [From Thatch, n. : cf. OE. thecchen, AS. eccean to cover.] To cover with, or with a roof of, straw, reeds, or some similar substance; as to thatch a roof, a stable, or a stack of grain.
Thaumaturge
Thau´ma•turge, n. [See Thaumaturgus.] A magician; a wonder worker. Lowell. { Thau•ma•tur´gic, Thau•ma•tur´gic•al } a. Of or pertaining to thaumaturgy; magical; wonderful. Burton.
Thaumaturgics
Thau•ma•tur´gics, n. Feats of legerdemain, or magical performances.
Thave, n. Same as Theave. [Prov. Eng.]
Thaw, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Thawed p. pr. & vb. n. Thawing.] [AS. þawian, þawan; akin to D. dovijen, G. tauen, thauen (cf. also ver dauen 8digest, OHG. douwen, fir douwen), Icel. þeyja, Sw. töa, Dan. töe, and perhaps to Gr. to melt. rad.56.]
1. To melt, dissolve, or become fluid; to soften; — said of that which is frozen; as the ice thaws.
2. To become so warm as to melt ice and snow; — said in reference to the weather, and used impersonally.
3. Fig.: To grow gentle or genial.
Thaw, v. t. To cause (frozen things, as earth, snow, ice) to melt, soften, or dissolve.
Thawy
Thaw´y, a. Liquefying by heat after having been frozen; thawing; melting.
The, v. i. See Thee. [Obs.] Chaucer. Milton.
The (the, when emphatic or alone; the, obscure before a vowel; th e, obscure before a consonant; 37), definite article. [AS. ðe, a later form for earlier nom. sing. masc. se, formed under the influence of the oblique cases. See That, pron.] A word placed before nouns to limit or individualize their meaning. The was originally a demonstrative pronoun, being a weakened form of that. When placed before adjectives and participles, it converts them into abstract nouns; as the sublime and the beautiful. Burke. The is used regularly before many proper names, as of rivers, oceans, ships, etc.; as the Nile, the Atlantic, the Great Eastern, the West Indies, The Hague. The with an epithet or ordinal number often follows a proper name; as Alexander the Great; Napoleon the Third. The may be employed to individualize a particular kind or species; as the grasshopper shall be a burden. Eccl. xii. 5.
The, adv. [AS. ðe, ðy, instrumental case of se, seó, ðaet, the definite article. See 2d The.] By that; by how much; by so much; on that account; — used before comparatives; as the longer we continue in sin, the more difficult it is to reform. "Yet not the more cease I." Milton.
"So much the rather thou, Celestial Light,
Shine inward, and the mind through all her powers
Irradiate." Milton.
Thea
The´a, n. [NL. See Tea.] (Bot.) A genus of plants found in China and Japan; the tea plant. It is now commonly referred to the genus Camellia.
Theanthropist
The•an´thro•pist, n. One who advocates, or believes in, theanthropism.
Thearchic
The•ar´chic, a. [Gr. . See Thearchy.] Divinely sovereign or supreme. [R.]
"He [Jesus] is the thearchic Intelligence." Milman.
Thearchy
The´ar•chy, n. [Gr. god + - archy: cf. Gr. the supreme deity.] Government by God; divine sovereignty; theocracy. { The´a•ter, The´a•tre }, n. [F. theâtre, L. theatrum, Gr., fr. to see, view; cf. Skr. dhya to meditate, think. Cf. Theory.]
1. An edifice in which dramatic performances or spectacles are exhibited for the amusement of spectators; anciently uncovered, except the stage, but in modern times roofed.
2. Any room adapted to the exhibition of any performances before an assembly, as public lectures, scholastic exercises, anatomical demonstrations, surgical operations, etc.
3. That which resembles a theater in form, use, or the like; a place rising by steps or gradations, like the seats of a theater. Burns.
"Shade above shade, a woody theater
Of stateliest view." Milton.
4. A sphere or scheme of operation. [Obs.]
"For if a man can be partaker of God’s theater, he shall likewise be partaker of God’s rest." Bacon.
5. A place or region where great events are enacted; as the theater of war. { The´a•tin, The´a•tine }, n. [F. theatin, It. theatino.] (R. C. Ch.)
1. One of an order of Italian monks, established in 1524, expressly to oppose Reformation, and to raise the tone of piety among Roman Catholics. They hold no property, nor do they beg, but depend on what Providence sends. Their chief employment is preaching and giving religious instruction. Their name is derived from Theate, or Chieti, a city of Naples, the archbishop of which was a principal founder of the order; but they bore various names; as Regular Clerks of the Community, Pauline Monks, Apostolic Clerks, and Regular Clerks of the Divine Providence. The order never flourished much out of Italy.
2. (R. C. Ch.) One of an order of nuns founded by Ursula Benincasa, who died in 1618.
Theatric
The•at´ric, a. Theatrical.
"Woods over woods in gay, theatric pride." Goldsmith.
Thebaid
The´ba•id, n. [L. Thebais, - idis.] A Latin epic poem by Statius about Thebes in Bœotia.
Theca
The´ca, n. ; pl. Thecae (#). [L., fr. Gr. a case to put anything in. See Tick a cover.]
1. A sheath; a case; as the theca, or cell, of an anther; the theca, or spore case, of a fungus; the theca of the spinal cord.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The chitinous cup which protects the hydranths of certain hydroids. (b) The more or less cuplike calicle of a coral. (c) The wall forming a calicle of a coral.
Thecal
The´cal, a. Of or pertaining to a theca; as a thecal abscess.
Thecaphore
The´ca•phore, n. [ Theca + Gr. to bear: cf. F. thecaphore.] (Bot.) (a) A surface or organ bearing a theca, or covered with thecae. (b) See Basigynium.
Thecasporous
The•cas´po•rous, a. (Bot.) Having the spores in thecae, or cases.
Thecata
The•ca´ta, n. pl. [NL., from Gr. a case.] (Zoöl.) Same as Thecophora.
Thecophora
The•coph´o•ra, n. pl. [NL., from Gr. a case + to bear.] (Zoöl.) A division of hydroids comprising those which have the hydranths in thecae and the gonophores in capsules. The campanularians and sertularians are examples. Called also Thecata. See Illust. under Hydroidea.
Thecosomata
The•co•so´ma•ta, n. pl. [NL. See Theca, and Soma.] (Zoöl.) An order of Pteropoda comprising those species which have a shell. See Pteropoda. — The•co•so´ma•tous (#), a.
Thee, v. i. [AS. eón; akin to OS. thihan, D. ge dijen, G. ge deihen, OHG. gi dihan, Goth. eihan, Lith. tekti to fall to the lot of. Cf. Tight, a. ] To thrive; to prosper. [Obs.] "He shall never thee." Chaucer.
"Well mote thee, as well can wish your thought." Spenser.
Thee, pron. [AS. ðe, acc. & dat. of ðu thou. See Thou.] The objective case of thou. See Thou. Thee is poetically used for thyself, as him for himself, etc.
"This sword hath ended him; so shall it thee,
Unless thou yield thee as my prisoner." Shak.
Theft, n. [OE. thefte, AS. þiefðe, þyfðe, þeófðe. See Thief.]
1. (Law) The act of stealing; specifically, the felonious taking and removing of personal property, with an intent to deprive the rightful owner of the same; larceny. To constitute theft there must be a taking without the owner’s consent, and it must be unlawful or felonious; every part of the property stolen must be removed, however slightly, from its former position; and it must be, at least momentarily, in the complete possession of the thief. See Larceny, and the Note under Robbery.
2. The thing stolen. [R.]
"If the theft be certainly found in his hand alive, … he shall restore double." Ex. xxii. 4.
Thegn, n. Thane. See Thane. E. A. Freeman.
Theine
The´ine, n. [F. theine, fr. NL. thea. See Theiform.] (Chem.) See Caffeine. Called also theina.
Their, pron. & a. [OE. thair, fr. Icel. þeirra, þeira, of them, but properly gen. pl. of the definite article; akin to AS. ðara, ðaera, gen. pl. of the definite article, or fr. AS. ðaera, influenced by the Scandinavian use. See That.] The possessive case of the personal pronoun they; as their houses; their country. The possessive takes the form theirs when the noun to which it refers is not expressed, but implied or understood; as our land is richest, but theirs is best cultivated.
"Nothing but the name of zeal appears
’Twixt our best actions and the worst of theirs." Denham.
Theism
The´ism, n. [From Gr. God; probably akin to to pray for, spoken by God, decreed: cf. F. theisme. Cf. Enthusiasm, Pantheon, Theology.] The belief or acknowledgment of the existence of a God, as opposed to atheism, pantheism, or polytheism.
Theist
The´ist, n. [Cf. F. theiste. See Theism.] One who believes in the existence of a God; especially, one who believes in a personal God; — opposed to atheist. { The•is´tic, The•is´tic•al } a. Of or pertaining to theism, or a theist; according to the doctrine of theists.
Them (them), pron. [AS. ðaem, dat. pl. of the article, but influenced by the Scand. use of the corresponding form þeim as a personal pronoun. See They.] The objective case of they. See They.
"Go ye rather to them that sell, and buy for yourselves." Matt. xxv. 9.
"Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father." Matt. xxv. 34. Them is poetically used for themselves, as him for himself, etc.
"Little stars may hide them when they list." Shak.
Thematic
The•mat´ic, a. [Gr. : cf. F. thematique.]
1. (Gram.) Of or pertaining to the theme of a word. See Theme, n. , 4.
2. (Mus.) Of or pertaining to a theme, or subject. Thematic catalogue (Mus.), a catalogue of musical works which, besides the title and other particulars, gives in notes the theme, or first few measures, of the whole work or of its several movements.
Theme, n. [OE. teme, OF. teme, F. thème, L. thema, Gr., fr. to set, place. See Do, and cf. Thesis.]
1. A subject or topic on which a person writes or speaks; a proposition for discussion or argument; a text.
"My theme is alway one and ever was." Chaucer.
"And when a soldier was the theme, my name
Was not far off." Shak.
2. Discourse on a certain subject.
"Then ran repentance and rehearsed his theme." Piers Plowman.
"It was the subject of my theme." Shak.
3. A composition or essay required of a pupil. Locke.
4. (Gram.) A noun or verb, not modified by inflections; also that part of a noun or verb which remains unchanged (except by euphonic variations) in declension or conjugation; stem.
5. That by means of which a thing is done; means; instrument. [Obs.] Swift.
6. (Mus.) The leading subject of a composition or a movement.
Themselves
Them•selves´, pron. The plural of himself, herself, and itself. See Himself, Herself, Itself.
Then (then), adv. [Originally the same word as than. See Than.]
1. At that time (referring to a time specified, either past or future).
"And the Canaanite was then in the land." Gen. xii. 6.
"Now I know in part; but then shall I know even as also I am known." 1 Cor. xiii. 12.
2. Soon afterward, or immediately; next; afterward.
"First be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift." Matt. v. 24.
3. At another time; later; again.
"One while the master is not aware of what is done, and then in other cases it may fall out to be own act." L’Estrange.By then. (a) By that time. (b) By the time that. [Obs.]
"But that opinion, I trust, by then this following argument hath been well read, will be left for one of the mysteries of an indulgent Antichrist." Milton. Now and then. See under Now, adv. — Till then, until that time; until the time mentioned. Milton. Then is often used elliptically, like an adjective, for then existing; as the then administration.
Then, conj.
1. Than. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. In that case; in consequence; as a consequence; therefore; for this reason.
"If all this be so, then man has a natural freedom." Locke.
"Now, then, be all thy weighty cares away." Dryden.
Syn. — Therefore. Then, Therefore. Both these words are used in reasoning; but therefore takes the lead, while then is rather subordinate or incidental. Therefore states reasons and draws inferences in form; then, to a great extent, takes the point as proved, and passes on to the general conclusion. "Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God." Rom. v. 1. "So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God." Rom. x. 17.
Thence, adv. [OE. thenne, thanne, and (with the adverbal -s; see -wards) thennes, thannes (hence thens, now written thence), AS. ðanon, ðanan, ðonan; akin to OHG. dannana, dannan, danan, and G. von dannen, E. that, there. See That.]
1. From that place. "Bid him thence go." Chaucer.
"When ye depart thence, shake off the dust under your feet for a testimony against them." Mark vi. 11. It is not unusual, though pleonastic, to use from before thence. Cf. Hence, Whence.
"Then I will send, and fetch thee from thence." Gen. xxvii. 45.
2. From that time; thenceforth; thereafter.
"There shall be no more thence an infant of days." Isa. lxv. 20.
3. For that reason; therefore.
"Not to sit idle with so great a gift
Useless, and thence ridiculous, about him." Milton.
4. Not there; elsewhere; absent. [Poetic] Shak.
Thenceforward
Thence•for´ward, adv. From that time onward; thenceforth.
Theobroma
The•o•bro´ma, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a god + food, fr. to eat: cf. F. theobrome.] (Bot.) A genus of small trees. See Cacao.
Theochristic
The•o•chris´tic, a. [Gr. ; God + anointed, fr. to anoint.] Anointed by God.
Theocracy
The•oc´ra•cy, n. [Gr. ; God + to be strong, to rule, fr. strength: cf. F. theocratie. See Theism, and cf. Democracy.]
1. Government of a state by the immediate direction or administration of God; hence, the exercise of political authority by priests as representing the Deity.
2. The state thus governed, as the Hebrew commonwealth before it became a kingdom.
Theodolite
The•od´o•lite, n. [Probably a corruption of the alidade. See Alidade.] An instrument used, especially in trigonometrical surveying, for the accurate measurement of horizontal angles, and also usually of vertical angles. It is variously constructed. The theodolite consists principally of a telescope, with cross wires in the focus of its object glass, clamped in Y’s attached to a frame that is mounted so as to turn both on vertical and horizontal axes, the former carrying a vernier plate on a horizontal graduated plate or circle for azimuthal angles, and the latter a vertical graduated arc or semicircle for altitudes. The whole is furnished with levels and adjusting screws and mounted on a tripod.
Theogony
The•og´o•ny, n. [L. theogonia, Gr. ; a god + the root of to be born. See Theism, and Genus.] The generation or genealogy of the gods; that branch of heathen theology which deals with the origin and descent of the deities; also a poem treating of such genealogies; as the Theogony of Hesiod.
Theologian
The•o•lo´gi•an, n. [Cf. F. theologien, L. theologus, Gr. . See Theology.] A person well versed in theology; a professor of theology or divinity; a divine.
Theologize
The•ol´o•gize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Theologized p. pr. & vb. n. Theologizing ] [Cf. F. theologiser.] To render theological; to apply to divinity; to reduce to a system of theology.
"School divinity was but Aristotle’s philosophy theologized." Glanvill.
Theologizer
The•ol´o•gi•zer, n. One who theologizes; a theologian. [R.] Boyle.
Theology
The•ol´o•gy, n. ; pl. Theologies (#). [L. theologia, Gr. ; God + discourse: cf. F. theologie. See Theism, and Logic.] The science of God or of religion; the science which treats of the existence, character, and attributes of God, his laws and government, the doctrines we are to believe, and the duties we are to practice; divinity; (as more commonly understood) "the knowledge derivable from the Scriptures, the systematic exhibition of revealed truth, the science of Christian faith and life."
"Many speak of theology as a science of religion [instead of "science of God"] because they disbelieve that there is any knowledge of God to be attained." Prof. R. Flint (Enc. Brit.).
"Theology is ordered knowledge; representing in the region of the intellect what religion represents in the heart and life of man." Gladstone. Ascetic theology, Natural theology. See Ascetic, Natural. — Moral theology, that phase of theology which is concerned with moral character and conduct. — Revealed theology, theology which is to be learned only from revelation. — Scholastic theology, theology as taught by the scholastics, or as prosecuted after their principles and methods. — Speculative theology, theology as founded upon, or influenced by, speculation or metaphysical philosophy. — Systematic theology, that branch of theology of which the aim is to reduce all revealed truth to a series of statements that together shall constitute an organized whole. E. G. Robinson (Johnson’s Cyc.).
Theophanic
The•o•phan´ic, a. Of or pertaining to a theopany; appearing to man, as a god.
Theophilanthropy
The•o•phi•lan´thro•py, n. [Gr. God + E. philanthropy.] Theophilanthropism. Macaulay.
Theopneusted
The•op•neus´ted, a. Divinely inspired; theopneustic. [R.]
Theorem
The´o•rem, n. [L. theorema, Gr. a sight, speculation, theory, theorem, fr. to look at, a spectator: cf. F. theorème. See Theory.]
1. That which is considered and established as a principle; hence, sometimes, a rule.
"Not theories, but theorems, the intelligible products of contemplation, intellectual objects in the mind, and of and for the mind exclusively." Coleridge.
"By the theorems,
Which your polite and terser gallants practice,
I re-refine the court, and civilize
Their barbarous natures." Massinger.
2. (Math.) A statement of a principle to be demonstrated. A theorem is something to be proved, and is thus distinguished from a problem, which is something to be solved. In analysis, the term is sometimes applied to a rule, especially a rule or statement of relations expressed in a formula or by symbols; as the binomial theorem; Taylor’s theorem. See the Note under Proposition, n. , 5. Binomial theorem. (Math.) See under Binomial. — Negative theorem, a theorem which expresses the impossibility of any assertion. — Particular theorem (Math.), a theorem which extends only to a particular quantity. — Theorem of Pappus. (Math.) See Centrobaric method, under Centrobaric. — Universal theorem (Math.), a theorem which extends to any quantity without restriction.
Theorematist
The•o•rem´a•tist, n. One who constructs theorems.
Theoric
The•or´ic, a. [Cf. F. theorique. See Theory.]
1. Of or pertaining to the theorica.
2. ( pron. ) Relating to, or skilled in, theory; theoretically skilled. [Obs.]
"A man but young,
Yet old in judgment, theoric and practic
In all humanity." Massinger.
Theoric
The´o•ric, n. [OF. theorique; cf. L. theorice.] Speculation; theory. [Obs.] Shak.
Theorica
The•or´i•ca, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (sc. ), fr. belonging to a public spectacle. See Theory.] (Gr. Antiq.) Public moneys expended at Athens on festivals, sacrifices, and public entertainments (especially theatrical performances), and in gifts to the people; — also called theoric fund.
Theorically
The•or´ic•al•ly, adv. In a theoretic manner. [Obs.]
Theorize
The´o•rize, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Theorized p. pr. & vb. n. Theorizing ] [Cf. F. theoriser.] To form a theory or theories; to form opinions solely by theory; to speculate.
Theorizer
The´o•ri•zer, n. One who theorizes or speculates; a theorist.
Theory
The´o•ry, n. ; pl. Theories (#). [F. theorie, L. theoria, Gr. a beholding, spectacle, contemplation, speculation, fr. a spectator, to see, view. See Theater.]
1. A doctrine, or scheme of things, which terminates in speculation or contemplation, without a view to practice; hypothesis; speculation. "This word is employed by English writers in a very loose and improper sense. It is with them usually convertible into hypothesis, and hypothesis is commonly used as another term for conjecture. The terms theory and theoretical are properly used in opposition to the terms practice and practical. In this sense, they were exclusively employed by the ancients; and in this sense, they are almost exclusively employed by the Continental philosophers." Sir W. Hamilton.
2. An exposition of the general or abstract principles of any science; as the theory of music.
3. The science, as distinguished from the art; as the theory and practice of medicine.
4. The philosophical explanation of phenomena, either physical or moral; as Lavoisier’s theory of combustion; Adam Smith’s theory of moral sentiments. Atomic theory, Binary theory, etc. See under Atomic, Binary, etc.
Syn. — Hypothesis, speculation. — Theory, Hypothesis. A theory is a scheme of the relations subsisting between the parts of a systematic whole; an hypothesis is a tentative conjecture respecting a cause of phenomena. { The´o•soph, The•os´o•pher } n. A theosophist. { The•o•soph´ic, The•o•soph´ic•al } a. [Cf. F. theosophique.] Of or pertaining to theosophy. — The•o•soph´ic•al•ly, adv.
Theosophism
The•os´o•phism, n. [Cf. F. theosophisme.] Belief in theosophy. Murdock.
Theosophistical
The•os•o•phis´tic•al, a. Of or pertaining to theosophy; theosophical.
Theosophize
The•os´o•phize, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Theosophized p. pr. & vb. n. Theosophizing.] To practice theosophy. [R.]
Therapeutae
Ther•a•peu´tae, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (pl. ) an attendant, servant, physician. See Therapeutic.] (Eccl. Hist.) A name given to certain ascetics said to have anciently dwelt in the neighborhood of Alexandria. They are described in a work attributed to Philo, the genuineness and credibility of which are now much discredited. { Ther•a•peu´tic, Ther•a•peu´tic•al } a. [F. therapeutique, Gr., from attendant, servant, to serve, take care of, treat medically, attendant, servant.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to the healing art; concerned in discovering and applying remedies for diseases; curative. "Therapeutic or curative physic." Sir T. Browne.
"Medicine is justly distributed into "prophylactic," or the art of preserving health, and therapeutic, or the art of restoring it." I. Watts.
There, adv. [OE. ther, AS. ðaer; akin to D. daar, G. da, OHG. dar, Sw. & Dan. der, Icel. & Goth. þar, Skr. tarhi then, and E. that. rad.184. See That, pron. ]
1. In or at that place. "[They] there left me and my man, both bound together." Shak.
"The Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed." Ge. ii. 8. In distinction from here, there usually signifies a place farther off. "Darkness there might well seem twilight here." Milton.
2. In that matter, relation, etc.; at that point, stage, etc., regarded as a distinct place; as he did not stop there, but continued his speech.
"The law that theaten’d death becomes thy friend
And turns it to exile; there art thou happy." Shak.
3. To or into that place; thither.
"The rarest that e’er came there." Shak. There is sometimes used by way of exclamation, calling the attention to something, especially to something distant; as there, there! see there! look there! There is often used as an expletive, and in this use, when it introduces a sentence or clause, the verb precedes its subject.
"A knight there was and that a worthy man." Chaucer.
"There is a path which no fowl knoweth." Job xxviii. 7.
"Wherever there is a sense or perception, there some idea is actually produced." Locke.
"There have been that have delivered themselves from their ills by their good fortune or virtue." Suckling. There is much used in composition, and often has the sense of a pronoun. See Thereabout, Thereafter, Therefrom, etc. There was formerly used in the sense of where.
"Spend their good there it is reasonable." Chaucer. Here and there, in one place and another.
Syn. — See Thither. { There´a•bout•, There´a•bouts• } adv. [The latter spelling is less proper, but more commonly used.]
1. Near that place.
2. Near that number, degree, or quantity; nearly; as ten men, or thereabouts.
"Five or six thousand horse … or thereabouts." Shak.
"Some three months since, or thereabout." Suckling.
3. Concerning that; about that. [R.]
"What will ye dine? I will go thereabout." Chaucer.
"They were much perplexed thereabout." Luke xxiv. 4.
Thereafter
There•af´ter, adv. [AS. ðaeraefter after that. See There, and After.]
1. After that; afterward.
2. According to that; accordingly.
"I deny not but that it is of greatest concernment in the church and commonwealth to have a vigilant eye how books demean themselves as well as men; and thereafter to confine, imprison, and do sharpest justice on them as malefactors." Milton.
3. Of that sort. [Obs.] "My audience is not thereafter." Latimer.
Therefor
There•for´, adv. [ There + for. Cf. Therefore.] For that, or this; for it.
"With certain officers ordained therefore." Chaucer.
Therefore
There´fore, conj. & adv. [OE. therfore. See There, and Fore, adv. , For, and cf. Therefor.]
1. For that or this reason, referring to something previously stated; for that.
"I have married a wife, and therefore I can not come." Luke xiv. 20.
"Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall we have therefore?" Matt. xix. 27.
2. Consequently; by consequence.
"He blushes; therefore he is guilty." Spectator.
Syn. — See Then.
Thereon
There•on´, adv. [AS. ron. See There, and On.] On that or this. Chaucer.
"Then the king said, Hang him thereon." Esther vii. 9.
Theretofore
There•to•fore´, adv. Up to that time; before then; — correlative with heretofore.
Thereunto
There•un•to´, adv. Unto that or this; thereto; besides. Shak.
Therewhile
There•while´, adv. At that time; at the same time. [Obs.] Laud.
Therf, a. [AS. eorf; akin to OHG. derb, Icel. jarfr.] Not fermented; unleavened; - - said of bread, loaves, etc. [Obs.]
"Pask and the feast of therf loaves." Wyclif. { The´ri•ac, The•ri´a•ca } n. [L. theriaca an antidote against the bite of serpents, Gr. : cf. F. theriaque. See Treacle.]
1. (Old Med.) An ancient composition esteemed efficacious against the effects of poison; especially, a certain compound of sixty-four drugs, prepared, pulverized, and reduced by means of honey to an electuary; — called also theriaca Andromachi, and Venice treacle.
2. Treacle; molasses. British Pharm. { The´ri•ac, The•ri´a•cal } a. [Cf. F. theriacal.] Of or pertaining to theriac; medicinal. "Theriacal herbs." Bacon.
Theriodont
The´ri•o•dont, n. (Paleon.) One of the Theriodontia. Used also adjectively.
Theriodonta
The•ri•o•don´ta, n. pl. [NL.] (Paleon.) Same as Theriodontia.
Theriodontia
The•ri•o•don´ti•a, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (dim. of a beast) +,, a tooth.] (Paleon.) An extinct order of reptiles found in the Permian and Triassic formations in South Africa. In some respects they resembled carnivorous mammals. Called also Theromorpha. They had biconcave vertebrae, ambulatory limbs, and a well- developed pelvis and shoulder girdle. Some of the species had large maxillary teeth. The head somewhat resembled that of a turtle. The Dicynodont is one of the best-known examples. See Dicynodont.
Theriotomy
The•ri•ot´o•my, n. [Gr. wild beast + to cut.] Zoötomy.
Thermae
Ther´mae, n. pl. [L. See Thermal.] Springs or baths of warm or hot water.
Thermal
Ther´mal, a. [L. thermae hot springs, fr. Gr., pl. of heat, fr. hot, warm, to warm, make hot; perhaps akin to L. formus warm, and E. forceps.] Of or pertaining to heat; warm; hot; as the thermal unit; thermal waters.
"The thermal condition of the earth." J. D. Forbes.Thermal conductivity, Thermal spectrum. See under Conductivity, and Spectrum. — Thermal unit (Physics), a unit chosen for the comparison or calculation of quantities of heat. The unit most commonly employed is the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one gram or one pound of water from zero to one degree Centigrade. See Calorie, and under Unit.
Thermic
Ther´mic, a. [Gr. heat.] Of or pertaining to heat; due to heat; thermal; as thermic lines. Thermic balance. See Bolometer. — Thermic fever (Med.), the condition of fever produced by sunstroke. See Sunstroke. — Thermic weight. (Mech.) Same as Heat weight, under Heat.
Thermidor
Ther•mi•dor´, n. [F., fr. Gr. warm, hot.] The eleventh month of the French republican calendar, — commencing July 19, and ending August 17. See the Note under Vendemiaire.
Thermobarometer
Ther•mo•ba•rom´e•ter, n. A siphon barometer adapted to be used also as a thermometer.
Thermobattery
Ther•mo•bat´ter•y, n. [ Thermo- + battery.] A thermoelectric battery; a thermopile.
Thermodynamic
Ther•mo•dy•nam´ic, a. [ Thermo- + dynamic.] (Physics) Relating to thermodynamics; caused or operated by force due to the application of heat. Thermodynamic function. See Heat weight, under Heat.
Thermoelectricity
Ther•mo•e•lec•tric´i•ty, n. [ Thermo- + electricity: cf. F. thermoelectricite.] (Physics) Electricity developed in the action of heat. See the Note under Electricity.
Thermogenous
Ther•mog´e•nous, a. [ Thermo- + -genous.] (Physiol.) Producing heat; thermogenic.
Thermogram
Ther´mo•gram, n. (Physics) The trace or record made by means of a thermograph.
Thermolytic
Ther•mo•lyt´ic, a. Of or pertaining to thermolysis.
Thermometer
Ther•mom´e•ter (ther•mom"e•ter), n. [ Thermo- + -meter: cf. F. thermomètre. See Thermal.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring temperature, founded on the principle that changes of temperature in bodies are accompanied by proportional changes in their volumes or dimensions. The thermometer usually consists of a glass tube of capillary bore, terminating in a bulb, and containing mercury or alcohol, which expanding or contracting according to the temperature to which it is exposed, indicates the degree of heat or cold by the amount of space occupied, as shown by the position of the top of the liquid column on a graduated scale. See Centigrade, Fahrenheit, and Reaumur. To reduce degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Centigrade, substract 32° and multiply by &frac59;; to reduce degrees Centigrade to degrees Fahrenheit, multiply by &frac95; and add 32°. Air thermometer, Balance thermometer, etc. See under Air, Balance, etc. — Metallic thermometer, a form of thermometer indicating changes of temperature by the expansion or contraction of rods or strips of metal. — Register thermometer, or Self-registering thermometer, a thermometer that registers the maximum and minimum of temperature occurring in the interval of time between two consecutive settings of the instrument. A common form contains a bit of steel wire to be pushed before the column and left at the point of maximum temperature, or a slide of enamel, which is drawn back by the liquid, and left within it at the point of minimum temperature. { Ther•mo•met´ric, Ther•mo•met´ric•al } a. [Cf. F. thermometrique.]
1. Of or pertaining to a thermometer; as the thermometrical scale or tube.
2. Made, or ascertained, by means of a thermometer; as thermometrical observations.
Thermometrically
Ther•mo•met´ric•al•ly, adv. In a thermometrical manner; by means of a thermometer.
Thermometry
Ther•mom´e•try, n. The estimation of temperature by the use of a thermometric apparatus.
Thermomotor
Ther•mo•mo´tor, n. A heat engine; a hot-air engine.
Thermomultiplier
Ther•mo•mul´ti•pli•er, n. [ Thermo- + multiplier.] Same as Thermopile.
Thermoneutrality
Ther•mo•neu•tral´i•ty, n. (Chem.) Neutrality as regards heat effects.
Thermotactic
Ther•mo•tac´tic, a. (Physiol.) Of or retaining to thermotaxis.
Thermotropic
Ther•mo•trop´ic, a. (Bot.) Manifesting thermotropism.
Thermotypy
Ther•mot´y•py, n. The art or process of obtaining thermotypes.
Theromorpha
The•ro•mor´pha, n. pl. [NL.: Gr. beast + form.] (Paleon.) See Theriodonta.
Thesaurus
The•sau´rus, n. ; pl. Thesauri (#). [L. See Treasure.] A treasury or storehouse; hence, a repository, especially of knowledge; — often applied to a comprehensive work, like a dictionary or cyclopedia.
These (thez), pron. [OE. þes, þaes, a variant of þas, pl. of þes, thes, this. See This, and cf. Those.] The plural of this. See This.
Thesicle
Thes´i•cle, n. [Dim. of thesis.] A little or subordinate thesis; a proposition.
Thesis
The´sis, n. ; pl. Theses (#). [L., fr. Gr., fr. to place, set. See Do, and cf. Anathema, Apothecary, Epithet, Hypothesis, Parenthesis, Theme, Tick a cover.]
1. A position or proposition which a person advances and offers to maintain, or which is actually maintained by argument.
2. Hence, an essay or dissertation written upon specific or definite theme; especially, an essay presented by a candidate for a diploma or degree.
"I told them of the grave, becoming, and sublime deportment they should assume upon this mystical occasion, and read them two homilies and a thesis of my own composing, to prepare them." Goldsmith.
3. (Logic) An affirmation, or distinction from a supposition or hypothesis.
4. (Mus.) The accented part of the measure, expressed by the downward beat; — the opposite of arsis.
5. (Pros.) (a) The depression of the voice in pronouncing the syllables of a word. (b) The part of the foot upon which such a depression falls.
Thetical
Thet´ic•al, a. [Gr. fit for placing, fr. to set, lay down. See Thesis.] Laid down; absolute or positive, as a law. Dr. H. More.
Theurgy
The´ur•gy (the"ur•jy), n. [L. theurgia, Gr. qeoyrgi•a, fr. qeoyrgo•s doing the works of God; qeo•s God + ’e•rgon work: cf. F. theurgie. See Theism, and Work.]
1. A divine work; a miracle; hence, magic; sorcery.
2. A kind of magical science or art developed in Alexandria among the Neoplatonists, and supposed to enable man to influence the will of the gods by means of purification and other sacramental rites. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
3. In later or modern magic, that species of magic in which effects are claimed to be produced by supernatural agency, in distinction from natural magic.
Thew (thu), n. [Chiefly used in the plural Thews (thuz).] [OE. thew, þeau, manner, habit, strength, AS. þeáw manner, habit (cf. þywan to drive); akin to OS. thau custom, habit, OHG. dou. rad.56.]
1. Manner; custom; habit; form of behavior; qualities of mind; disposition; specifically, good qualities; virtues. [Obs.]
"For her great light
Of sapience, and for her thews clear." Chaucer.
"Evil speeches destroy good thews." Wyclif (1 Cor. xv. 33).
"To be upbrought in gentle thews and martial might." Spenser.
2. Muscle or strength; nerve; brawn; sinew. Shak.
"And I myself, who sat apart
And watched them, waxed in every limb;
I felt the thews of Anakim,
The pules of a Titan’s heart." Tennyson.
Thewy
Thew´y, a. Having strong or large thews or muscles; muscular; sinewy; strong.
They (tha), pron. pl.; poss. Theirs; obj. Them. [Icel. þeir they, properly nom. pl. masc. of sa, su, þat, a demonstrative pronoun, akin to the English definite article, AS. se, seó, ðaet, nom. pl. ða. See That.] The plural of he, she, or it. They is never used adjectively, but always as a pronoun proper, and sometimes refers to persons without an antecedent expressed.
"Jolif and glad they went unto here [their] rest
And casten hem [them] full early for to sail." Chaucer.
"They of Italy salute you." Heb. xiii. 24.
"Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness." Matt. v. 6. They is used indefinitely, as our ancestors used man, and as the French use on; as they say (French on dit), that is, it is said by persons not specified.
Thibetan
Thib´e•tan, a. Of or pertaining to Thibet. — n. A native or inhabitant of Thibet.
Thible
Thi´ble, n. A slice; a skimmer; a spatula; a pudding stick. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ainsworth.
Thick (thik), a. [ Compar. Thicker (-er); superl. Thickest.] [OE. thicke, AS. þicce; akin to D. dik, OS. thikki, OHG. dicchi thick, dense, G. dick thick, Icel. þykkr, þjökkr, and probably to Gael. & Ir. tiugh. Cf. Tight.]
1. Measuring in the third dimension other than length and breadth, or in general dimension other than length; - - said of a solid body; as a timber seven inches thick.
"Were it as thick as is a branched oak." Chaucer.
"My little finger shall be thicker than my father’s loins." 1 Kings xii. 10.
2. Having more depth or extent from one surface to its opposite than usual; not thin or slender; as a thick plank; thick cloth; thick paper; thick neck.
3. Dense; not thin; inspissated; as thick vapors. Also used figuratively; as thick darkness.
"Make the gruel thick and slab." Shak.
4. Not transparent or clear; hence, turbid, muddy, or misty; as the water of a river is apt to be thick after a rain. "In a thick, misty day." Sir W. Scott.
5. Abundant, close, or crowded in space; closely set; following in quick succession; frequently recurring.
"The people were gathered thick together." Luke xi. 29.
"Black was the forest; thick with beech it stood." Dryden.
6. Not having due distinction of syllables, or good articulation; indistinct; as a thick utterance.
7. Deep; profound; as thick sleep. [R.] Shak.
8. Dull; not quick; as thick of fearing. Shak.
"His dimensions to any thick sight were invincible." Shak.
9. Intimate; very friendly; familiar. [Colloq.]
"We have been thick ever since." T. Hughes. Thick is often used in the formation of compounds, most of which are self-explaining; as thick-barred, thick-bodied, thick-coming, thick-cut, thick-flying, thick- growing, thick-leaved, thick-lipped, thick-necked, thick-planted, thick-ribbed, thick-shelled, thick-woven, and the like. Thick register. (Phon.) See the Note under Register, n. , 7. — Thick stuff (Naut.), all plank that is more than four inches thick and less than twelve. J. Knowles.
Syn. — Dense; close; compact; solid; gross; coarse.
Thick, n.
1. The thickest part, or the time when anything is thickest.
"In the thick of the dust and smoke." Knolles.
2. A thicket; as gloomy thicks. [Obs.] Drayton.
"Through the thick they heard one rudely rush." Spenser.
"He through a little window cast his sight
Through thick of bars, that gave a scanty light." Dryden. Thick-and-thin block (Naut.), a fiddle block. See under Fiddle. — Through thick and thin, through all obstacles and difficulties, both great and small.
"Through thick and thin she followed him." Hudibras.
"He became the panegyrist, through thick and thin, of a military frenzy." Coleridge.
Thicken
Thick´en, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thickened p. pr. & vb. n. Thickening.] To make thick (in any sense of the word). Specifically: — (a) To render dense; to inspissate; as to thicken paint. (b) To make close; to fill up interstices in; as to thicken cloth; to thicken ranks of trees or men. (c) To strengthen; to confirm. [Obs.]
"And this may to thicken other proofs." Shak. (d) To make more frequent; as to thicken blows.
Thickening
Thick´en•ing, n. Something put into a liquid or mass to make it thicker.
Thicket
Thick´et, n. [AS. þiccet. See Thick, a. ] A wood or a collection of trees, shrubs, etc., closely set; as a ram caught in a thicket. Gen. xxii. 13.
Thick-headed
Thick´-head•ed, a. Having a thick skull; stupid.
Thick-knee
Thick´-knee, n. (Zoöl.) A stone curlew. See under Stone.
Thick-skinned
Thick´-skinned, a. Having a thick skin; hence, not sensitive; dull; obtuse. Holland.
Thickskull
Thick´skull, n. A dullard, or dull person; a blockhead; a numskull. Entick.
Thick-skulled
Thick´-skulled, a. Having a thick skull; hence, dull; heavy; stupid; slow to learn.
Thick-winded
Thick´-wind•ed, a. (Far.) Affected with thick wind.
Thief (thef), n. ; pl. Thieves (thevz). [OE. thef, theef, AS. þeóf; akin to OFries. thiaf, OS. theof, thiof, D. dief, G. dieb, OHG. diob, Icel. þjofr, Sw. tjuf, Dan. tyv, Goth. þiufs, þiubs, and perhaps to Lith. tupeti to squat or crouch down. Cf. Theft.]
1. One who steals; one who commits theft or larceny. See Theft.
"There came a privy thief, men clepeth death." Chaucer.
"Where thieves break through and steal." Matt. vi. 19.
2. A waster in the snuff of a candle. Bp. Hall.Thief catcher. Same as Thief taker. — Thief leader, one who leads or takes away a thief. L’Estrange. — Thief taker, one whose business is to find and capture thieves and bring them to justice. — Thief tube, a tube for withdrawing a sample of a liquid from a cask. — Thieves’ vinegar, a kind of aromatic vinegar for the sick room, taking its name from the story that thieves, by using it, were enabled to plunder, with impunity to health, in the great plague at London. [Eng.]
Syn. — Robber; pilferer. — Thief, Robber. A thief takes our property by stealth; a robber attacks us openly, and strips us by main force.
"Take heed, have open eye, for thieves do foot by night." Shak.
"Some roving robber calling to his fellows." Milton.
Thiefly
Thief´ly, a. & adv. Like a thief; thievish; thievishly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Thieve, v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Thieved p. pr. & vb. n. Thieving.] [AS. ge þeófian.] To practice theft; to steal.
Thigh (thi), n. [OE. thi, þih, þeh, AS. þeóh; akin to OFries. thiach, D. dij, dije, OHG. dioh, thioh, Icel. þjo thigh, rump, and probably to Lith. taukas fat of animals, tukti to become fat, Russ. tuke fat of animals. rad.56.]
1. (Anat.) The proximal segment of the hind limb between the knee and the trunk. See Femur.
2. (Zoöl.) The coxa, or femur, of an insect. Thigh bone (Anat.), the femur.
Thigmotactic
Thig•mo•tac´tic, a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to thigmotaxis.
Thigmotaxis
Thig•mo•tax´is, n. [NL., fr. Gr. touch + an arranging.] (Physiol.) The property possessed by living protoplasm of contracting, and thus moving, when touched by a solid or fluid substance. When the movement is away from the touching body, it is negative thigmotaxis; when towards it, positive thigmotaxis. { Thing, Ting }, n. [Dan. thing, ting, Norw. ting, or Sw. ting.] In Scandinavian countries, a legislative or judicial assembly; — used, esp. in composition, in titles of such bodies. See Legislature, Norway.
Thilk, pron. [Cf. Ilk same.] That same; this; that. [Obs.] "I love thilk lass." Spenser.
"Thou spake right now of thilke traitor death." Chaucer.
Thill, n. [OE. thille, AS. ille a board, plank, beam, thill; akin to el a plank, D. deel a plank, floor, G. diele, OHG. dili, dilla, Icel. ilja a plank, planking, a thwart, ili a wainscot, plank; cf. Skr. tala a level surface. rad.236. Cf. Fill a thill, Deal a plank.]
1. One of the two long pieces of wood, extending before a vehicle, between which a horse is hitched; a shaft.
2. (Mining) The floor of a coal mine. Raymond. Thill coupling, a device for connecting the thill of a vehicle to the axle.
Thimble
Thim´ble, n. [OE. thimbil, AS. mel, fr. ma a thumb. rad.56. See Thumb.]
1. A kind of cap or cover, or sometimes a broad ring, for the end of the finger, used in sewing to protect the finger when pushing the needle through the material. It is usually made of metal, and has upon the outer surface numerous small pits to catch the head of the needle.
2. (Mech.) Any thimble-shaped appendage or fixure. Specifically: — (a) A tubular piece, generally a strut, through which a bolt or pin passes. (b) A fixed or movable ring, tube, or lining placed in a hole. (c) A tubular cone for expanding a flue; — called ferrule in England.
3. (Naut.) A ring of thin metal formed with a grooved circumference so as to fit within an eye-spice, or the like, and protect it from chafing.
Thimbleeye
Thim´ble•eye, n. (Zoöl.) The chub mackerel. See under Chub.
Thimblerig
Thim´ble•rig, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thimblerigged p. pr. & vb. n. Thimblerigging.] To swindle by means of small cups or thimbles, and a pea or small ball placed under one of them and quickly shifted to another, the victim laying a wager that he knows under which cup it is; hence, to cheat by any trick.
Thimblerigger
Thim´ble•rig•ger, n. One who cheats by thimblerigging, or tricks of legerdemain.
Thin, a. [ Compar. Thiner superl. Thinest.] [OE. thinne, thenne, thunne, AS. þynne; akin to D. dun, G. dünn, OHG. dunni, Icel. þunnr, Sw. tunn, Dan. tynd, Gael. & Ir. tana, W. teneu, L. tenuis, Gr. (in comp.) stretched out, stretched, stretched out, long, Skr. tanu thin, slender; also to AS. enian to extend, G. dehnen, Icel. enja, Goth. anjan (in comp.), L. tendere to stretch, tenere to hold, Gr. to stretch, Skr. tan. rad.51 & 237. Cf. Attenuate, Dance, Tempt, Tenable, Tend to move, Tenous, Thunder, Tone.]
1. Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite; as a thin plate of metal; thin paper; a thin board; a thin covering.
2. Rare; not dense or thick; — applied to fluids or soft mixtures; as thin blood; thin broth; thin air. Shak.
"In the day, when the air is more thin." Bacon.
"Satan, bowing low
His gray dissimulation, disappeared,
Into thin air diffused." Milton.
3. Not close; not crowded; not filling the space; not having the individuals of which the thing is composed in a close or compact state; hence, not abundant; as the trees of a forest are thin; the corn or grass is thin.
"Ferrara is very large, but extremely thin of people." Addison.
4. Not full or well grown; wanting in plumpness.
"Seven thin ears … blasted with the east wind." Gen. xli. 6.
5. Not stout; slim; slender; lean; gaunt; as a person becomes thin by disease.
6. Wanting in body or volume; small; feeble; not full.
"Thin, hollow sounds, and lamentable screams." Dryden.
7. Slight; small; slender; flimsy; wanting substance or depth or force; superficial; inadequate; not sufficient for a covering; as a thin disguise.
"My tale is done, for my wit is but thin." Chaucer. Thin is used in the formation of compounds which are mostly self-explaining; as thin-faced, thin-lipped, thin-peopled, thin-shelled, and the like. Thin section. See under Section.
Thin, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thinned p. pr. & vb. n. Thinning.] [Cf. AS. ge þynnian.] To make thin (in any of the senses of the adjective).
Thine (thin), pron. & a. [OE. thin, AS. ðin, originally gen. of ðu, ðu, thou; akin to G. dein thine, Icel. þinn, possessive pron., þin, gen. of þu thou, Goth. þeins, possessive pron., þeina, gen. of þu thou. See Thou, and cf. Thy.] A form of the possessive case of the pronoun thou, now superseded in common discourse by your, the possessive of you, but maintaining a place in solemn discourse, in poetry, and in the usual language of the Friends, or Quakers. In the old style, thine was commonly shortened to thi ( thy) when used attributively before words beginning with a consonant; now, thy is used also before vowels. Thine is often used absolutely, the thing possessed being understood.
Thing (thing), n. [AS. þing a thing, cause, assembly, judicial assembly; akin to þingan to negotiate, þingian to reconcile, conciliate, D. ding a thing, OS. thing thing, assembly, judicial assembly, G. ding a thing, formerly also an assembly, court, Icel. þing a thing, assembly, court, Sw. & Dan. ting; perhaps originally used of the transaction of or before a popular assembly, or the time appointed for such an assembly; cf. G. dingen to bargain, hire, MHG. dingen to hold court, speak before a court, negotiate, Goth. þeihs time, perhaps akin to L. tempus time. Cf. Hustings, and Temporal of time.]
1. Whatever exists, or is conceived to exist, as a separate entity, whether animate or inanimate; any separable or distinguishable object of thought.
"God made … every thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind." Gen. i. 25.
"He sent after this manner; ten asses laden with the good things of Egypt." Gen. xiv. 23.
"A thing of beauty is a joy forever." Keats.
2. An inanimate object, in distinction from a living being; any lifeless material.
"Ye meads and groves, unconscious things!" Cowper.
3. A transaction or occurrence; an event; a deed.
"[And Jacob said] All these things are against me." Gen. xlii. 36.
"Which if ye tell me, I in like wise will tell you by what authority I do these things." Matt. xxi. 24.
4. A portion or part; something.
"Wicked men who understand any thing of wisdom." Tillotson.
5. A diminutive or slighted object; any object viewed as merely existing; — often used in pity or contempt.
"See, sons, what things you are!" Shak.
"The poor thing sighed, and … turned from me." Addison.
"I’ll be this abject thing no more." Granville.
"I have a thing in prose." Swift.
6. pl. Clothes; furniture; appurtenances; luggage; as to pack or store one’s things. [Colloq.] Formerly, the singular was sometimes used in a plural or collective sense.
"And them she gave her moebles and her thing." Chaucer. Thing was used in a very general sense in Old English, and is still heard colloquially where some more definite term would be used in careful composition.
"In the garden [he] walketh to and fro,
And hath his things [ i. e., prayers, devotions] said full courteously." Chaucer.
"Hearkening his minstrels their things play." Chaucer.
7. (Law) Whatever may be possessed or owned; a property; — distinguished from person.
8. [ In this sense pronounced ting.] In Scandinavian countries, a legislative or judicial assembly. Longfellow. Things personal. (Law) Same as Personal property, under Personal. — Things real. Same as Real property, under Real.
Think, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thought p. pr. & vb. n. Thinking.] [OE. thinken, properly, to seem, from AS. þyncean (cf. Methinks), but confounded with OE. thenken to think, fr. AS. þencean (imp. þohte); akin to D. denken, dunken, OS. thenkian, thunkian, G. denken, dünken, Icel. þekkja to perceive, to know, þykkja to seem, Goth. þagkjan, þaggkjan, to think, þygkjan to think, to seem, OL. tongere to know. Cf. Thank, Thought.]
1. To seem or appear; - - used chiefly in the expressions methinketh or methinks, and methought. These are genuine Anglo-Saxon expressions, equivalent to it seems to me, it seemed to me. In these expressions me is in the dative case.
2. To employ any of the intellectual powers except that of simple perception through the senses; to exercise the higher intellectual faculties.
"For that I am
I know, because I think." Dryden.
3. Specifically: — (a) To call anything to mind; to remember; as I would have sent the books, but I did not think of it.
"Well thought upon; I have it here." Shak. (b) To reflect upon any subject; to muse; to meditate; to ponder; to consider; to deliberate.
"And when he thought thereon, he wept." Mark xiv. 72.
"He thought within himself, saying, What shall I do, because I have no room where to bestow my fruits?" Luke xii. 17. (c) To form an opinion by reasoning; to judge; to conclude; to believe; as I think it will rain to-morrow.
"Let them marry to whom they think best." Num. xxxvi. 6. (d) To purpose; to intend; to design; to mean.
"I thought to promote thee unto great honor." Num. xxiv. 11.
"Thou thought’st to help me." Shak. (e) To presume; to venture.
"Think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father." Matt. iii. 9. To think, in a philosophical use as yet somewhat limited, designates the higher intellectual acts, the acts preëminently rational; to judge; to compare; to reason. Thinking is employed by Hamilton as "comprehending all our collective energies." It is defined by Mansel as "the act of knowing or judging by means of concepts,"by Lotze as "the reaction of the mind on the material supplied by external influences." See Thought. To think better of. See under Better. — To think much of, or To think well of, to hold in esteem; to esteem highly.
Syn. — To expect; guess; cogitate; reflect; ponder; contemplate; meditate; muse; imagine; suppose; believe. See Expect, Guess.
Thinkable
Think´a•ble, a. Capable of being thought or conceived; cogitable. Sir W. Hamilton.
Thinness
Thin´ness, n. The quality or state of being thin (in any of the senses of the word).
Thin-skinned
Thin´-skinned, a. Having a thin skin; hence, sensitive; irritable.
Thio-
Thi´o- [Gr. brimstone, sulphur.] (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting the presence of sulphur. See Sulpho-.
Thiocarbonate
Thi•o•car´bon•ate, n. (Chem.) A sulphocarbonate.
Thiocarbonic
Thi•o•car•bon´ic, a. [ Thio- + carbonic.] (Chem.) Same as Sulphocarbonic.
Thiocyanate
Thi•o•cy´a•nate, n. (Chem.) Same as Sulphocyanate.
Thiocyanic
Thi•o•cy•an´ic, a. [ Thio- + cyanic.] (Chem.) Same as Sulphocyanic.
Thionic
Thi•on´ic, a. [Gr. brimstone, sulphur.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to sulphur; containing or resembling sulphur; specifically, designating certain of the thio compounds; as the thionic acids. Cf. Dithionic, Trithionic, Tetrathionic, etc.
Third (therd), a. [OE. thirde, AS. þridda, fr. þri, þreó, three; akin to D. derde third, G. dritte, Icel. þriði, Goth. þridja, L. tertius, Gr. tri•tos, Skr. trtiya. See Three, and cf. Riding a jurisdiction, Tierce.]
1. Next after the second; coming after two others; — the ordinal of three; as the third hour in the day. "The third night." Chaucer.
2. Constituting or being one of three equal parts into which anything is divided; as the third part of a day. Third estate. (a) In England, the commons, or the commonalty, who are represented in Parliament by the House of Commons. (b) In France, the tiers etat. See Tiers etat. Third order (R. C. Ch.), an order attached to a monastic order, and comprising men and women devoted to a rule of pious living, called the third rule, by a simple vow if they remain seculars, and by more solemn vows if they become regulars. See Tertiary, n. , 1. — Third person (Gram.), the person spoken of. See Person, n. , 7. — Third sound. (Mus.) See Third, n. , 3.
Third-borough
Third´-bor•ough, n. (O. Eng. Law) An under constable. Shak. Johnson.
Third-rail system. (Electric Railways) A system in which a third rail is used for carrying the current for operating the motors, the rail being insulated from the ground and the current being taken off by means of contact brushes or other devices. { Thom"as phos"phateslag }. Same as Basic slag, above.
Thirl, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thirled p. pr. & vb. n. Thirling.] [See Thrill.] To bore; to drill or thrill. See Thrill. [Obs. or Prov.]
"That with a spear was thirled his breast bone." Chaucer.
Thirlage
Thirl´age, n. [Cf. Thrall.] (Scots Law) The right which the owner of a mill possesses, by contract or law, to compel the tenants of a certain district, or of his sucken, to bring all their grain to his mill for grinding. Erskine.
Thirst, n. [OE. thirst, þurst, AS. þurst, þyrst; akin to D. dorst, OS. thurst, G. durst, Icel. þorsti, Sw. & Dan. törst, Goth. þaúrstei thirst, þaúrsus dry, withered, þaúrsieþ mik I thirst, ga þaírsan to wither, L. torrere to parch, Gr. te•rsesqai to become dry, tesai•nein to dry up, Skr. trsh to thirst. rad.54. Cf. Torrid.]
1. A sensation of dryness in the throat associated with a craving for liquids, produced by deprivation of drink, or by some other cause (as fear, excitement, etc.) which arrests the secretion of the pharyngeal mucous membrane; hence, the condition producing this sensation.
"Wherefore is this that thou hast brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us, and our children … with thirst?" Ex. xvii. 3.
"With thirst, with cold, with hunger so confounded." Chaucer.
2. Fig.: A want and eager desire after anything; a craving or longing; — usually with for, of, or after; as the thirst for gold. "Thirst of worldy good." Fairfax. "The thirst I had of knowledge." Milton.
Thirst, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thirsted; p. pr. & vb. n. Thirsting.] [AS. þyrstan. See Thirst, n. ]
1. To feel thirst; to experience a painful or uneasy sensation of the throat or fauces, as for want of drink.
"The people thirsted there for water." Ex. xvii. 3.
2. To have a vehement desire.
"My soul thirsteth for … the living God." Ps. xlii. 2.
Thirstiness
Thirst´i•ness, n. The state of being thirsty; thirst.
Thirsty
Thirst´y, a. [ Compar. Thirstier superl. Thirstiest.] [AS. þurstig. See Thirst, n. ]
1. Feeling thirst; having a painful or distressing sensation from want of drink; hence, having an eager desire.
"Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink, for I am thirsty." Judges iv. 19.
2. Deficient in moisture; dry; parched.
"A dry and thirsty land, where no water is." Ps. lxiii. 1.
"When in the sultry glebe I faint,
Or on the thirsty mountain pant." Addison.
Thirteen
Thir´teen (ther"ten•), a. [OE. threttene, AS. þreótene, þreótyne. See Three, and Ten, and cf. Thirty.] One more than twelve; ten and three; as thirteen ounces or pounds.
Thirteenth
Thir´teenth, a. [From Thirteen: cf. AS. þreóteóða.]
1. Next in order after the twelfth; the third after the tenth; — the ordinal of thirteen; as the thirteenth day of the month.
2. Constituting or being one of thirteen equal parts into which anything is divided.
Thirtieth
Thir´ti•eth, a. [From Thirty: cf. AS. þritigoða.]
1. Next in order after the twenty-ninth; the tenth after the twentieth; — the ordinal of thirty; as the thirtieth day of the month.
2. Constituting or being one of thirty equal parts into which anything is divided.
Thirtieth
Thir´ti•eth, n. The quotient of a unit divided by thirty; one of thirty equal parts.
Thirty
Thir´ty, a. [OE. thritty, AS. þritig, þrittig; akin to D. dertig, G. dreissig, Icel. þrjatiu, þrjatigi, þrir teger, Goth. þreis tigjus, i.e., three tens. See Three, and Ten, and cf. Thirteen.] Being three times ten; consisting of one more than twenty-nine; twenty and ten; as the month of June consists of thirty days.
This (this), pron. & a.; pl. These (thez). [OE. this, thes, AS. ðes, masc., ðeós, fem., ðis, neut.; akin to OS. these, D. deze, G. dieser, OHG. diser, deser, Icel. þessi; originally from the definite article + a particle -se, -si; cf. Goth. sai behold. See The, That, and cf. These, Those.]
1. As a demonstrative pronoun, this denotes something that is present or near in place or time, or something just mentioned, or that is just about to be mentioned.
"When they heard this, they were pricked in their heart." Acts ii. 37.
"But know this, that if the good man of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched." Matt. xxiv. 43.
2. As an adjective, this has the same demonstrative force as the pronoun, but is followed by a noun; as this book; this way to town. This may be used as opposed or correlative to that, and sometimes as opposed to other or to a second this. See the Note under That, 1.
"This way and that wavering sails they bend." Pope.
"A body of this or that denomination is produced." Boyle.
"Their judgment in this we may not, and in that we need not, follow." Hooker.
"Consider the arguments which the author had to write this, or to design the other, before you arraign him." Dryden.
"Thy crimes … soon by this or this will end." Addison. This, like a, every, that, etc., may refer to a number, as of years, persons, etc., taken collectively or as a whole.
"This twenty years have I been with thee.." Gen. xxxi. 38.
"I have not wept this years; but now
My mother comes afresh into my eyes." Dryden.
Thistle
This´tle, n. [OE. thistil, AS. þistel; akin to D. & G. distel, OHG. distila, distil, Icel. þistill, Sw. tistel, Dan. tidsel; of uncertain origin.] (Bot.) Any one of several prickly composite plants, especially those of the genera Cnicus, Craduus, and Onopordon. The name is often also applied to other prickly plants. Blessed thistle, Carduus benedictus, so named because it was formerly considered an antidote to the bite of venomous creatures. — Bull thistle, Cnicus lanceolatus, the common large thistle of neglected pastures. — Canada thistle, Cnicus arvensis, a native of Europe, but introduced into the United States from Canada. — Cotton thistle, Onopordon Acanthium. — Fuller’s thistle, the teasel. — Globe thistle, Melon thistle, etc. See under Globe, Melon, etc. — Pine thistle, Atractylis gummifera, a native of the Mediterranean region. A vicid gum resin flows from the involucre. — Scotch thistle, either the cotton thistle, or the musk thistle, or the spear thistle; — all used national emblems of Scotland. — Sow thistle, Sonchus oleraceus. — Spear thistle. Same as Bull thistle. — Star thistle, a species of Centaurea. See Centaurea. — Torch thistle, a candelabra-shaped plant of the genus Cereus. See Cereus. — Yellow thistle, Cincus horridulus. Thistle bird (Zoöl.), the American goldfinch, or yellow-bird ( Spinus tristis); — so called on account of its feeding on the seeds of thistles. See Illust. under Goldfinch. — Thistle butterfly (Zoöl.), a handsomely colored American butterfly ( Vanessa cardui) whose larva feeds upon thistles; — called also painted lady. — Thistle cock (Zoöl.), the corn bunting ( Emberiza militaria). [Prov. Eng.] — Thistle crown, a gold coin of England of the reign of James I., worth four shillings. — Thistle finch (Zoöl.), the goldfinch; — so called from its fondness for thistle seeds. [Prov. Eng.] — Thistle funnel, a funnel having a bulging body and flaring mouth.
Thither
Thith´er, adv. [OE. thider, AS. ðider; akin to E. that; cf. Icel. þaðra there, Goth. þaþro thence. See That, and The.]
1. To that place; — opposed to hither.
"This city is near; … O, let me escape thither." Gen. xix. 20.
"Where I am, thither ye can not come." John vii. 34.
2. To that point, end, or result; as the argument tended thither. Hither and thither, to this place and to that; one way and another.
Syn. — There. Thither, There. Thither properly denotes motion toward a place; there denotes rest in a place; as I am going thither, and shall meet you there. But thither has now become obsolete, except in poetry, or a style purposely conformed to the past, and there is now used in both senses; as I shall go there to-morrow; we shall go there together.
Thither
Thith´er, a.
1. Being on the farther side from the person speaking; farther; — a correlative of hither; as on the thither side of the water. W. D. Howells.
2. Applied to time: On the thither side of, older than; of more years than. See Hither, a. Huxley.
Tho (tho), def. art. The. [Obs.] Spenser.
Tho, pron. pl. Those. [Obs.]
"This knowen tho that be to wives bound." Chaucer.
Tho, adv. [AS. þa.] Then. [Obs.] Spenser.
"To do obsequies as was tho the guise." Chaucer.
Thole, n. [Written also thowel, and thowl.] [OE. thol, AS. þol; akin to D. dol, Icel. þollr a fir tree, a young fir, a tree, a thole.]
1. A wooden or metal pin, set in the gunwale of a boat, to serve as a fulcrum for the oar in rowing. Longfellow.
2. The pin, or handle, of a scythe snath. Thole pin. Same as Thole.
Thole, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Tholed p. pr. & vb. n. Tholing.] [OE. þolen, þolien, AS. þolian; akin to OS. tholon, OHG. dolen, G. ge duld patience, dulden to endure, Icel. þola, Sw. tåla, Dan. taale, Goth. þulan, L. tolerate, tulisse, to endure, bear, tollere to lift, bear, Gr. to bear, Skr. tul to lift. rad.55. Cf. Tolerate.] To bear; to endure; to undergo. [Obs. or Scot.] Gower.
"So much woe as I have with you tholed." Chaucer.
"To thole the winter’s steely dribble." Burns.
Thomas process
Thom"as proc"ess (Iron Metal.) Same as Basic process, above.
Thomist
Tho´mist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Thomas Aquinas. See Scotist.
Thomsenolite
Thom´sen•o•lite, n. [Named after Dr. J. Thomsen of Copenhagen. See -lite.] (Min.) A fluoride of aluminium, calcium, and sodium occurring with the cryolite of Greenland.
Thong, n. [OE. thong, þwong, thwang, AS. þwang; akin to Icel. þvengr a thong, latchet. rad.57. Cf. Twinge.] A strap of leather; especially, one used for fastening anything.
"And nails for loosened spears, and thongs for shields, provide." Dryden. Thong seal (Zoöl.), the bearded seal. See the Note under Seal.
Thor, n. [Icel. þors. Cf. Thursday.] (Scand. Myth.) The god of thunder, and son of Odin.
Thoracic
Tho•rac´ic, a. [Cf. F. thoracique.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the thorax, or chest. Thoracic duct (Anat.), the great trunk of the lymphatic vessels, situated on the ventral side of the vertebral column in the thorax and abdomen. See Illust. of Lacteal.
Thoracometer
Tho•ra•com´e•ter, n. (Physiol.) Same as Stethometer.
Thoracostraca
Tho•ra•cos´tra•ca, n. pl. [NL. See Thorax, and Ostracoid, a. ] (Zoöl.) An extensive division of Crustacea, having a dorsal shield or carapec niting all, or nearly all, of the thoracic somites to the head. It includes the crabs, lobsters, shrimps, and similar species.
Thoral
Tho´ral, a. [L. torus a couch, bed.] Of or pertaining to a bed. [R.]
Thorax
Tho´rax, n. [L., fr. Gr. .]
1. (Anat.) The part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen, containing that part of the body cavity the walls of which are supported by the dorsal vertebrae, the ribs, and the sternum, and which the heart and lungs are situated; the chest. In mammals the thoracic cavity is completely separated from the abdominal by the diaphragm, but in birds and many reptiles the separation is incomplete, while in other reptiles, and in amphibians and fishes, there is no marked separation and no true thorax.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The middle region of the body of an insect, or that region which bears the legs and wings. It is composed of three united somites, each of which is composed of several distinct parts. See Illust. in Appendix. and Illust. of Coleoptera. (b) The second, or middle, region of the body of a crustacean, arachnid, or other articulate animal. In the case of decapod Crustacea, some writers include under the term thorax only the three segments bearing the maxillipeds; others include also the five segments bearing the legs. See Illust. in Appendix.
3. (Antiq.) A breastplate, cuirass, or corselet; especially, the breastplate worn by the ancient Greeks.
Thoria
Tho´ri•a, n. [NL. See Thorite.] (Chem.) A rare white earthy substance, consisting of the oxide of thorium; — formerly called also thorina.
Thoric
Thor´ic, a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to thorium; designating the compounds of thorium.
Thorite
Tho´rite, n. [So called by Berzelius from the Scandinavian god Thor. See Thor.] (Min.) A mineral of a brown to black color, or, as in the variety orangite, orange-yellow. It is essentially a silicate of thorium.
Thorium
Tho´ri•um, n. [NL. See Thorite.] (Chem.) A metallic element found in certain rare minerals, as thorite, pyrochlore, monazite, etc., and isolated as an infusible gray metallic powder which burns in the air and forms thoria; — formerly called also thorinum. Symbol Th. Atomic weight 232.0.
Thorn, n. [AS. þorn; akin to OS. & OFries. thorn, D. doorn, G. dorn, Dan. torn, Sw. törne, Icel. þorn, Goth. þaúrnus; cf. Pol. tarn, Russ. tern’ the blackthorn, ternie thorns, Skr. trna grass, blade of grass. rad.53.]
1. A hard and sharp-pointed projection from a woody stem; usually, a branch so transformed; a spine.
2. (Bot.) Any shrub or small tree which bears thorns; especially, any species of the genus Crataegus, as the haw thorn, white thorn, cockspur thorn.
3. Fig.: That which pricks or annoys as a thorn; anything troublesome; trouble; care.
"There was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me." 2 Cor. xii. 7.
"The guilt of empire, all its thorns and cares,
Be only mine." Southern.
4. The name of the Anglo-Saxon letter, capital form . It was used to represent both of the sounds of English th, as in thin, then. So called because it was the initial letter of thorn, a spine. Thorn apple (Bot.), Jamestown weed. — Thorn broom (Bot.), a shrub that produces thorns. — Thorn hedge, a hedge of thorn-bearing trees or bushes. — Thorn devil. (Zoöl.) See Moloch, 2. — Thorn hopper (Zoöl.), a tree hopper ( Thelia crataegi) which lives on the thorn bush, apple tree, and allied trees.
Thornbut
Thorn´but, n. [ Thorn + -but as in halibut; cf. G. dornbutt.] (Zoöl.) The turbot.
Thorny
Thorn´y, a. [ Compar. Thornier superl. Thorniest.] [Cf. AS. þorniht.]
1. Full of thorns or spines; rough with thorns; spiny; as a thorny wood; a thorny tree; a thorny crown.
2. Like a thorn or thorns; hence, figuratively, troublesome; vexatious; harassing; perplexing. "The thorny point of bare distress." Shak.
"The steep and thorny way to heaven." Shak. Thorny rest-harrow (Bot.), rest- harrow. — Thorny trefoil, a prickly plant of the genus Fagonia ( F. Cretica, etc.).
Thorough
Thor´ough, prep. [See Through.] Through. [Obs.] Spenser. Shak.
Thorough
Thor´ough, adv.
1. Thoroughly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Chaucer.
2. Through. [Obs.] Shak.
Thorough-brace
Thor´ough-brace, n. A leather strap supporting the body of a carriage, and attached to springs, or serving as a spring. See Illust. of Chaise.
Thoroughly
Thor´ough•ly, adv. In a thorough manner; fully; entirely; completely.
Thoroughness
Thor´ough•ness, n. The quality or state of being thorough; completeness.
Thoroughsped
Thor´ough•sped, a. Fully accomplished; thoroughplaced. [R.] Swift.
Thorow
Thor´ow, prep. Through. [Obs.] "Thorow bramble, pits, and floods." Beau. & Fl.
Thorow
Thor´ow, a. Thorough. [Obs.] Hakluyt. { Thorp, Thorpe} (thôrp), n. [AS. þorp; akin to OS. & OFries. thorp, D. dorp, G. dorf, Icel. þorp, Dan. torp, Sw. torp a cottage, a little farm, Goth. þaúrp a field, and probably to Lith. troba a building, a house, W. tref a hamlet, Ir. treabh a farmed village, a tribe, clan, Gael. treabhair houses, and perhaps to L. turba a crowd, mult. Cf. Dorp.] A group of houses in the country; a small village; a hamlet; a dorp; — now chiefly occurring in names of places and persons; as Al thorp, Mable thorpe. "Within a little thorp I staid." Fairfax.
"Then thorpe and byre arose in fire." Tennyson.
Those, pron. [OE. þos, þas, AS. ðas, nom. and acc. pl. of ðes this. See This, and cf. These.] The plural of that. See That.
Thou, pron. [ Sing.: nom. Thou; poss. Thy or Thine ; obj. Thee Pl. : nom. You ; poss. Your or Yours ; obj. You.] [OE. thou, þu, AS. ðu, ðu; akin to OS. & OFries. thu, G., Dan. & Sw. du, Icel. þu, Goth. þu, Russ. tui, Ir. & Gael. tu, W. ti, L. tu, Gr. sy•, Dor. ty•, Skr. tvam. rad.185. Cf. Thee, Thine, Te Deum.] The second personal pronoun, in the singular number, denoting the person addressed; thyself; the pronoun which is used in addressing persons in the solemn or poetical style.
"Art thou he that should come?" Matt. xi. 3. "In Old English, generally, thou is the language of a lord to a servant, of an equal to an equal, and expresses also companionship, love, permission, defiance, scorn, threatening: whilst ye is the language of a servant to a lord, and of compliment, and further expresses honor, submission, or entreaty." Skeat. Thou is now sometimes used by the Friends, or Quakers, in familiar discourse, though most of them corruptly say thee instead of thou.
Thou, v. i. To use the words thou and thee in discourse after the manner of the Friends. [R.]
Though (tho), conj. [OE. thogh, þah, AS. ðeáh, ðaeh, ðeh; akin to OS. thoh, OFries. thach, D. & G. doch but, yet, OHG. doh but, yet though, Icel. þo yet, nevertheless, Sw. dock, Dan. dog, Goth. þáuh, þáu, than, or, yet; of uncertain origin. rad.184.] Granting, admitting, or supposing that; notwithstanding that; if.
"Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him." Job xiii. 15.
"Not that I so affirm, though so it seem." Milton. It is compounded with all in although. See Although. As though, as if.
"In the vine were three branches; and it was as though it budded." Gen. xl. 10.
Thought, imp. & p. p. of Think.
Thought, n. [OE. þoght, þouht, AS. þoht, ge þoht, fr. þencean to think; akin to D. ge dachte thought, MHG. daht, ge daht, Icel. þottr, þotti. See Think.]
1. The act of thinking; the exercise of the mind in any of its higher forms; reflection; cogitation.
"Thought can not be superadded to matter, so as in any sense to render it true that matter can become cogitative." Dr. T. Dwight.
2. Meditation; serious consideration.
"Pride, of all others the most dangerous fault,
Proceeds from want of sense or want of thought." Roscommon.
3. That which is thought; an idea; a mental conception, whether an opinion, judgment, fancy, purpose, or intention.
"Thus Bethel spoke, who always speaks his thought." Pope.
"Why do you keep alone, …
Using those thoughts which should indeed have died
With them they think on?" Shak.
"Thoughts come crowding in so fast upon me, that my only difficulty is to choose or to reject." Dryden.
"All their thoughts are against me for evil." Ps. lvi. 5.
4. Solicitude; anxious care; concern.
"Hawis was put in trouble, and died with thought and anguish before his business came to an end." Bacon.
"Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink." Matt. vi. 25.
5. A small degree or quantity; a trifle; as a thought longer; a thought better. [Colloq.]
"If the hair were a thought browner." Shak. Thought, in philosophical usage now somewhat current, denotes the capacity for, or the exercise of, the very highest intellectual functions, especially those usually comprehended under judgment.
"This [faculty], to which I gave the name of the "elaborative faculty," — the faculty of relations or comparison, — constitutes what is properly denominated thought." Sir W. Hamilton.
Syn. — Idea; conception; imagination; fancy; conceit; notion; supposition; reflection; consideration; meditation; contemplation; cogitation; deliberation.
Thoughtful
Thought´ful, a.
1. Full of thought; employed in meditation; contemplative; as a man of thoughtful mind.
"War, horrid war, your thoughtful walks invades." Pope.
2. Attentive; careful; exercising the judgment; having the mind directed to an object; as thoughtful of gain; thoughtful in seeking truth. Glanvill.
3. Anxious; solicitous; concerned.
"Around her crowd distrust, and doubt, and fear,
And thoughtful foresight, and tormenting care." Prior.
Syn. — Considerate; deliberate; contemplative; attentive; careful; wary; circumspect; reflective; discreet. — Thoughtful, Considerate. He who is habitually thoughtful rarely neglects his duty or his true interest; he who is considerate pauses to reflect and guard himself against error. One who is not thoughtful by nature, if he can be made considerate, will usually be guarded against serious mistakes. "He who is thoughtful does not forget his duty; he who is considerate pauses, and considers properly what is his duty. It is a recommendation to a subordinate person to be thoughtful in doing what is wished of him; it is the recommendation of a confidential person to be considerate, as he has often to judge according to his own discretion. Crabb. — Thought´ful•ly, adv. — Thought´ful•ness, n.
Thousand
Thou´sand, n. [OE. þousend, þusend, AS. þusend; akin to OS. thusundig, thusind, OFries. thusend, D. duizend, G. tausend, OHG. tusunt, dusunt, Icel. þusund, þushund, Sw. tusen, Dan. tusind, Goth. þusundi, Lith. tukstantis, Russ. tuisiacha; of uncertain origin.]
1. The number of ten hundred; a collection or sum consisting of ten times one hundred units or objects.
2. Hence, indefinitely, a great number.
"A thousand shall fall at thy side, and ten thousand at thy right hand." Ps. xci. 7. The word thousand often takes a plural form. See the Note under Hundred.
3. A symbol representing one thousand units; as 1,000, M or CI&Crev;.
Thousand legs
Thou"sand legs (Zoöl.) A millepid, or galleyworm; — called also thousand-legged worm.
Thousandth
Thou´sandth, n. The quotient of a unit divided by a thousand; one of a thousand equal parts into which a unit is divided. { Thow´el, Thowl } n. [See Thole.] (Naut.) (a) A thole pin. (b) A rowlock.
"I would sit impatiently thinking with what an unusual amount of noise the oars worked in the thowels." Dickens.
Thrack, v. t. To load or burden; as to thrack a man with property. [Obs.] South.
Thraldom
Thral´dom, n. [Icel. raeldomr. See Thrall, and -dom.] The condition of a thrall; slavery; bondage; state of servitude. [Written also thralldom.]
"Women are born to thraldom and penance
And to be under man’s governance." Chaucer.
"He shall rule, and she in thraldom live." Dryden.
Thrall-less
Thrall´-less, a. (a) Having no thralls. (b) Not enslaved; not subject to bonds.
Thrapple
Thrap´ple, n. [Also thropple, corrupted fr. throttle.] Windpipe; throttle. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] { Thrash, Thresh }, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thrashed p. pr. & vb. n. Thrashing.] [OE. þreschen, þreshen, to beat, AS. þerscan, þrescan; akin to D. dorschen, OD. derschen, G. dreschen, OHG. dreskan, Icel. þreskja, Sw. tröska, Dan. taerske, Goth. þriskan, Lith. traszketi to rattle, Russ. treskate to burst, crackle, tresk’ a crash, OSlav. troska a stroke of lighting. Cf. Thresh.]
1. To beat out grain from, as straw or husks; to beat the straw or husk of (grain) with a flail; to beat off, as the kernels of grain; as to thrash wheat, rye, or oats; to thrash over the old straw.
"The wheat was reaped, thrashed, and winnowed by machines." H. Spencer.
2. To beat soundly, as with a stick or whip; to drub. { Thrash, Thresh}, v. t.
1. To practice thrashing grain or the like; to perform the business of beating grain from straw; as a man who thrashes well.
2. Hence, to labor; to toil; also to move violently.
"I rather would be Maevius, thrash for rhymes,
Like his, the scorn and scandal of the times." Dryden.
Thrashel
Thrash´el, n. An instrument to thrash with; a flail. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. { Thrash´er, Thresh´er }, n.
1. One who, or that which, thrashes grain; a thrashing machine.
2. (Zoöl.) A large and voracious shark ( Alopias vulpes), remarkable for the great length of the upper lobe of its tail, with which it beats, or thrashes, its prey. It is found both upon the American and the European coasts. Called also fox shark, sea ape, sea fox, slasher, swingle-tail, and thrasher shark.
3. (Zoöl.) A name given to the brown thrush and other allied species. See Brown thrush. Sage thrasher. (Zoöl.) See under Sage. — Thrasher whale (Zoöl.), the common killer of the Atlantic.
Thrashing
Thrash´ing, a. & n. from Thrash, v. Thrashing floor, Threshing-floor, or Threshing floor, a floor or area on which grain is beaten out. — Thrashing machine, a machine for separating grain from the straw.
Thraste (thräst), v. t. [ imp. Thraste; p. p. Thrast.] To thrust. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Thraw (thra), n. & v. See Throse. [Scot.] Burns.
Thread (thred), n. [OE. threed, þred, AS. þraed; akin to D. draad, G. draht wire, thread, OHG. drat, Icel. þraðr a thread, Sw. tråd, Dan. traad, and AS. þrawan to twist. See Throw, and cf. Third.]
1. A very small twist of flax, wool, cotton, silk, or other fibrous substance, drawn out to considerable length; a compound cord consisting of two or more single yarns doubled, or joined together, and twisted.
2. A filament, as of a flower, or of any fibrous substance, as of bark; also a line of gold or silver.
3. The prominent part of the spiral of a screw or nut; the rib. See Screw, n. , 1.
4. Fig.: Something continued in a long course or tenor; a,s the thread of life, or of a discourse. Bp. Burnet.
5. Fig.: Composition; quality; fineness. [Obs.]
"A neat courtier,
Of a most elegant thread." B. Jonson.Air thread, the fine white filaments which are seen floating in the air in summer, the production of spiders; gossamer. — Thread and thrum, the good and bad together. [Obs.] Shak. — Thread cell (Zoöl.), a lasso cell. See under Lasso. — Thread herring (Zoöl.), the gizzard shad. See under Gizzard. — Thread lace, lace made of linen thread. — Thread needle, a game in which children stand in a row, joining hands, and in which the outer one, still holding his neighbor, runs between the others; — called also thread the needle.
Thread, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Threaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Threading.]
1. To pass a thread through the eye of; as to thread a needle.
2. To pass or pierce through as a narrow way; also to effect or make, as one’s way, through or between obstacles; to thrid.
"Heavy trading ships … threading the Bosphorus." Mitford.
"They would not thread the gates." Shak.
3. To form a thread, or spiral rib, on or in; as to thread a screw or nut.
Threadbareness
Thread´bare•ness, n. The state of being threadbare.
Threaden
Thread´en, a. Made of thread; as threaden sails; a threaden fillet. [Obs.] Shak.
Thread-shaped
Thread´-shaped, a. Having the form of a thread; filiform.
Threap (threp), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Threaped p. pr. & vb. n. Threaping.] [AS. þreápian to reprove.] [Written also threpe, and threip.]
1. To call; to name. [Obs.]
2. To maintain obstinately against denial or contradiction; also to contend or argue against (another) with obstinacy; to chide; as he threaped me down that it was so. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Burns.
3. To beat, or thrash. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
4. To cozen, or cheat. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Threat (thret), n. [AS. þreát, akin to a þreótan to vex, G. ver driessen, OHG. ir driozan, Icel. þrjota to fail, want, lack, Goth. us þriutan to vex, to trouble, Russ. trudite to impose a task, irritate, vex, L. trudere to push. Cf. Abstruse, Intrude, Obstrude, Protrude.] The expression of an intention to inflict evil or injury on another; the declaration of an evil, loss, or pain to come; menace; threatening; denunciation.
"There is no terror, Cassius, in your threats." Shak.
Threat, v. t. & i. [OE. þreten, AS. þreátian. See Threat, n. ] To threaten. [Obs. or Poetic] Shak.
"Of all his threating reck not a mite." Chaucer.
"Our dreaded admiral from far they threat." Dryden.
Threaten
Threat´en, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Threatened p. pr. & vb. n. Threatening.] [OE. þretenen. See Threat, v. t.]
1. To utter threats against; to menace; to inspire with apprehension; to alarm, or attempt to alarm, as with the promise of something evil or disagreeable; to warn.
"Let us straitly threaten them, that they speak henceforth to no man in this name." Acts iv. 17.
2. To exhibit the appearance of (something evil or unpleasant) as approaching; to indicate as impending; to announce the conditional infliction of; as to threaten war; to threaten death. Milton.
"The skies look grimly
And threaten present blusters." Shak.
Syn. — To menace. — Threaten, Menace. Threaten is Anglo-Saxon, and menace is Latin. As often happens, the former is the more familiar term; the latter is more employed in formal style. We are threatened with a drought; the country is menaced with war.
"By turns put on the suppliant and the lord: Threatened this moment, and the next implored." Prior.
"Of the sharp ax
Regardless, that o’er his devoted head
Hangs menacing." Somerville.
Threatening
Threat´en•ing, a. & n. from Threaten, v. — Threat´en•ing•ly, adv. Threatening letters (Law), letters containing threats, especially those designed to extort money, or to obtain other property, by menaces; blackmailing letters.
Threave, n. Same as Thrave. [Obs.]
Three, a. [OE. þre, þreo, þri, AS. þri, masc., þreó, fem. and neut.; akin to OFries. thre, OS. thria, threa, D. drie, G. drei, OHG. dri, Icel. þrir, Dan. & Sw. tre, Goth. þreis, Lith. trys, Ir., Gael. & W. tri, Russ. tri, L. tres, Gr. trei^s, Skr. tri. rad.301. Cf. 3d Drilling, Tern, a. , Third, Thirteen, Thirty, Tierce, Trey, Tri-, Triad, Trinity, Tripod.] One more than two; two and one. "I offer thee three things." 2 Sam. xxiv. 12.
"Three solemn aisles approach the shrine." Keble. Three is often joined with other words, forming compounds signifying divided into, composed of, or containing, three parts, portions, organs, or the like; as three-branched, three-capsuled, three-celled, three-cleft, three-edged, three-foot, three- footed, three-forked, three-grained, three-headed, three-legged, three-mouthed, three-nooked, three-petaled, three-pronged, three-ribbed, three-seeded, three-stringed, three-toed, and the like.
Three, n.
1. The number greater by a unit than two; three units or objects.
2. A symbol representing three units, as 3 or iii. Rule of three. (Arith.) See under Rule, n.
Three-decker
Three´-deck•er, n. (Naut.) A vessel of war carrying guns on three decks.
Three-flowered
Three´-flow•ered, a. (Bot.) Bearing three flowers together, or only three flowers.
Three-handed
Three´-hand•ed, a. Said of games or contests where three persons play against each other, or two against one; as a three-handed game of cards. { Three´-leafed•, Three´-leaved• } a. (Bot.) (a) Producing three leaves; as three-leaved nightshade. (b) Consisting of three distinct leaflets; having the leaflets arranged in threes. Three-leaved nightshade. See Trillium.
Threepence
Three´pence, n. A small silver coin of three times the value of a penny. [Eng.]
Threepenny
Three´pen•ny, a. Costing or worth three pence; hence, worth but little; poor; mean.
Three-pointed
Three´-point•ed, a. (Bot.) Having three acute or setigerous points; tricuspidate.
Threne, n. [L. threnus, Gr. . Cf. Drone.] Lamentation; threnody; a dirge. Shak.
"The threns … of the prophet Jeremiah." Jer. Taylor. { Thre•net´ic, Thre•net´ic•al } a. [Gr. . See Threne.] Pertaining to a threne; sorrowful; mournful.
Threnode
Thren´ode, n. A threne, or threnody; a dirge; a funeral song.
Threnodist
Thren´o•dist, n. One who composes, delivers, or utters, a threnode, or threnody.
Threnody
Thren´o•dy, n. [Gr. ; a dirge + a song. See Threne, and Ode.] A song of lamentation; a threnode. Sir T. Herbert.
Threpe, v. t. [See Threap.] To call; to term. [Obs.] "Luna silver we threpe." Chaucer.
Thresh, v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Threshed p. pr. & vb. n. Threshing.] Same as Thrash.
"He would thresh, and thereto dike and delve." Chaucer.
Threshold
Thresh´old, n. [OE. threswold, þreshwold, AS. þrescwald, þerscwald, þerscold, þrescold, fr. þrescan, þerscan, to thresh; akin to Icel. þreskjöde, þröskuldr, Sw. tröskel, Dan. taerskel. See Thrash.]
1. The plank, stone, or piece of timber, which lies under a door, especially of a dwelling house, church, temple, or the like; the doorsill; hence, entrance; gate; door.
2. Fig.: The place or point of entering or beginning, entrance; outset; as the threshold of life.
Threste, v. t. [ imp. Threste; p. p. & Threst.] To thrust. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Thribble
Thrib´ble, a. Triple; treble; threefold. [Prov. Eng. or Colloq.] Halliwell.
Thrice, adv. [OE. thries; thrie thrice (AS. þriga, þriwa) + - s, the adverbal suffix. See Three, and -wards.]
1. Three times. "Thrice in vain." Spenser.
"Verily I say unto thee. That this night, before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice." Matt. xxvi. 34.
2. In a threefold manner or degree; repeatedly; very.
"Thrice noble lord, let me entreat of you
To pardon me." Shak.
"Thrice is he armed that hath his quarrel just." Shak. Thrice is often used, generally with an intensive force, to form compounds which are usually of obvious meaning; as in thrice-blessed, thrice-favored, thrice-hallowed, thrice-happy, thrice-told, and the like.
Thricecock
Thrice´cock, n. (Zoöl.) The missel thrush. [Prov. Eng.]
Thrid, a. Third. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Thrid, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thridded; p. pr. & vb. n. Thridding.] [A variant of thread.]
1. To pass through in the manner of a thread or a needle; to make or find a course through; to thread.
"Some thrid the mazy ringlets of her hair." Pope.
"And now he thrids the bramble bush." J. R. Drake.
"I began
To thrid the musky-circled mazes." Tennyson.
2. To make or effect (a way or course) through something; as to thrid one’s way through a wood.
Thrid, n. Thread; continuous line. [Archaic]
"I resume the thrid of my discourse." Dryden.
Thrifallow
Thri´fal•low, v. t. See Thryfallow, and Trifallow. [R.] Tusser.
Thrift, n. [Icel. þrift. See Thrive.]
1. A thriving state; good husbandry; economical management in regard to property; frugality.
"The rest, … willing to fall to thrift, prove very good husbands." Spenser.
2. Success and advance in the acquisition of property; increase of worldly goods; gain; prosperity. "Your thrift is gone full clean." Chaucer.
"I have a mind presages me such thrift." Shak.
3. Vigorous growth, as of a plant.
4. (Bot.) One of several species of flowering plants of the genera Statice and Armeria. Common thrift (Bot.), Armeria vulgaris; — also called sea pink.
Syn. — Frugality; economy; prosperity; gain; profit.
Thriftiness
Thrift´i•ness, n. The quality or state of being thrifty; thrift.
Thrifty
Thrift´y, a. [ Compar. Thriftier superl. Thriftiest.]
1. Given to, or evincing, thrift; characterized by economy and good menegement of property; sparing; frugal.
"Her chaffer was so thrifty and so new." Chaucer.
"I am glad he hath so much youth and vigor left, of which he hath not been thrifty." Swift.
2. Thriving by industry and frugality; prosperous in the acquisition of worldly goods; increasing in wealth; as a thrifty farmer or mechanic.
3. Growing rapidly or vigorously; thriving; as a thrifty plant or colt.
4. Secured by thrift; well husbanded. [R.]
"I have five hundred crowns,
The thrifty hire I saved under your father." Shak.
5. Well appearing; looking or being in good condition; becoming. [Obs.]
"I sit at home, I have no thrifty cloth." Chaucer.
Syn. — Frugal; sparing; economical; saving; careful.
Thrill (thril), n. [See Trill.] A warbling; a trill.
Thrill, n. [AS. þyrel an aperture. See Thrill, v. t.] A breathing place or hole; a nostril, as of a bird.
Thrill, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thrilled p. pr. & vb. n. Thrilling.] [OE. thrillen, þirlen, þurlen, to pierce; all probably fr. AS. þyrlian, þyrelian, Fr. þyrel pierced; as a noun, a hole, fr. þurh through; probably akin to D. drillen to drill, to bore. rad.53. See Through, and cf. Drill to bore, Nostril, Trill to trickle.]
1. To perforate by a pointed instrument; to bore; to transfix; to drill. [Obs.]
"He pierced through his chafed chest
With thrilling point of deadly iron brand." Spenser.
2. Hence, to affect, as if by something that pierces or pricks; to cause to have a shivering, throbbing, tingling, or exquisite sensation; to pierce; to penetrate.
"To bathe in flery floods, or to reside
In thrilling region of thick-ribbed ice." Shak.
"Vivid and picturesque turns of expression which thrill the eader with sudden delight." M. Arnold.
"The cruel word her tender heart so thrilled,
That sudden cold did run through every vein." Spenser.
3. To hurl; to throw; to cast. [Obs.]
"I’ll thrill my javelin." Heywood.
Thrill, n.
1. A drill. See 3d Drill, 1.
2. A sensation as of being thrilled; a tremulous excitement; as a thrill of horror; a thrill of joy. Burns.
Thrillant
Thrill´ant, a. Piercing; sharp; thrilling. [Obs.] "His thrillant spear." Spenser.
Thring, v. t. & i. [ imp. Throng ] [AS. þringan. See Throng.] To press, crowd, or throng. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Thrive (thriv), v. i. [ imp. Throve (throv) or Thrived (thrivd); p. p. Thrived or Thriven (thriv"’n); p. pr. & vb. n. Thriving.] [OE. þriven, Icel. þrifask; probably originally, to grasp for one’s self, from þrifa to grasp; akin to Dan. trives to thrive, Sw. trifvas. Cf. Thrift.]
1. To prosper by industry, economy, and good management of property; to increase in goods and estate; as a farmer thrives by good husbandry.
"Diligence and humility is the way to thrive in the riches of the understanding, as well as in gold." I. Watts.
2. To prosper in any business; to have increase or success. "They by vices thrive." Sandys.
"O son, why sit we here, each other viewing
Idly, while Satan, our great author, thrives?" Milton.
"And so she throve and prospered." Tennyson.
3. To increase in bulk or stature; to grow vigorously or luxuriantly, as a plant; to flourish; as young cattle thrive in rich pastures; trees thrive in a good soil.
Throat (throt), n. [OE. throte, AS. þrote, þrotu; akin to OHG. drozza, G. drossel; cf. OFries. & D. stort. Cf. Throttle.]
1. (Anat.) (a) The part of the neck in front of, or ventral to, the vertebral column. (b) Hence, the passage through it to the stomach and lungs; the pharynx; — sometimes restricted to the fauces.
"I can vent clamor from my throat." Shak.
2. A contracted portion of a vessel, or of a passage way; as the throat of a pitcher or vase.
3. (Arch.) The part of a chimney between the gathering, or portion of the funnel which contracts in ascending, and the flue. Gwilt.
4. (Naut.) (a) The upper fore corner of a boom-and-gaff sail, or of a staysail. (b) That end of a gaff which is next the mast. (c) The angle where the arm of an anchor is joined to the shank. Totten.
5. (Shipbuilding) The inside of a timber knee.
6. (Bot.) The orifice of a tubular organ; the outer end of the tube of a monopetalous corolla; the faux, or fauces. Throat brails (Naut.), brails attached to the gaff close to the mast. — Throat halyards (Naut.), halyards that raise the throat of the gaff. — Throat pipe (Anat.), the windpipe, or trachea. — To give one the lie in his throat, to accuse one pointedly of lying abominably. — To lie in one’s throat, to lie flatly or abominably.
Throaty
Throat´y, a. Guttural; hoarse; having a guttural voice. "Hard, throaty words." Howell.
Throb, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Throbbed p. pr. & vb. n. Throbbing.] [OE. þrobben; of uncertain origin; cf. Russ. trepete a trembling, and E. trepidation.] To beat, or pulsate, with more than usual force or rapidity; to beat in consequence of agitation; to palpitate; — said of the heart, pulse, etc.
"My heart Throbs to know one thing." Shak.
"Here may his head lie on my throbbing breast." Shak.
Throe, v. i. To struggle in extreme pain; to be in agony; to agonize.
Thrombin
Throm´bin, n. [See Thrombus.] (Physiol. Chem.) The fibrin ferment which produces the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen.
Thrombosis
Throm•bo´sis, n. [NL. See Thrombus.] (Med.) The obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot formed at the site of obstruction; — distinguished from embolism, which is produced by a clot or foreign body brought from a distance. — Throm•bot´ic (#), a.
Throne, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Throned p. pr. & vb. n. Throning.]
1. To place on a royal seat; to enthrone. Shak.
2. To place in an elevated position; to give sovereignty or dominion to; to exalt.
"True image of the Father, whether throned
In the bosom of bliss, and light of light." Milton.
Throne, v. i. To be in, or sit upon, a throne; to be placed as if upon a throne. Shak.
Throng, n. [OE. þrong, þrang, AS. geþrang, fr. þringan to crowd, to press; akin to OS. thringan, D. & G. dringen, OHG. dringan, Icel. þryngva, þröngva, Goth. þriehan, D. & G. drang a throng, press, Icel. þröng a throng, Lith. trenkti to jolt, tranksmas a tumult. Cf. Thring.]
1. A multitude of persons or of living beings pressing or pressed into a close body or assemblage; a crowd.
2. A great multitude; as the heavenly throng.
Syn. — Throng, Multitude, Crowd. Any great number of persons form a multitude; a throng is a large number of persons who are gathered or are moving together in a collective body; a crowd is composed of a large or small number of persons who press together so as to bring their bodies into immediate or inconvenient contact. A dispersed multitude; the throngs in the streets of a city; the crowd at a fair or a street fight. But these distinctions are not carefully observed.
"So, with this bold opposer rushes on
This many-headed monster, multitude." Daniel.
"Not to know me argues yourselves unknown,
The lowest of your throng." Milton.
"I come from empty noise, and tasteless pomp,
From crowds that hide a monarch from himself." Johnson.
Throng, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Thronged p. pr. & vb. n. Thronging.] To crowd together; to press together into a close body, as a multitude of persons; to gather or move in multitudes.
"I have seen the dumb men throng to see him." Shak.
Thropple
Throp´ple, n. [Cf. Thrapple, and see Throttle.] The windpipe. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Throstle
Thros´tle, n. [OE. throsel, AS. þrostle, þrosle; akin to MHG. trostel, G. drossel, Icel. þröstr, Sw. trast, Lith. strazdas, L. turdus. rad.238. Cf. Thrush the bird.]
1. (Zoöl.) The song thrush. See under Song.
2. A machine for spinning wool, cotton, etc., from the rove, consisting of a set of drawing rollers with bobbins and flyers, and differing from the mule in having the twisting apparatus stationary and the processes continuous; — so called because it makes a singing noise. Throstle cock, the missel thrush. [Prov. Eng.]
Throstling
Thros´tling, n. [Cf. Throttle.] A disease of bovine cattle, consisting of a swelling under the throat, which, unless checked, causes strangulation.
Throttle
Throt´tle, n. [Dim. of throat. See Throat.]
1. The windpipe, or trachea; the weasand. Sir W. Scott.
2. (Steam Engine) The throttle valve. Throttle lever (Steam Engine), the hand lever by which a throttle valve is moved, especially in a locomotive. — Throttle valve (Steam Engine), a valve moved by hand or by a governor for regulating the supply of steam to the steam chest. In one form it consists of a disk turning on a transverse axis.
Throttle
Throt´tle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Throttled p. pr. & vb. n. Throttling ]
1. To compress the throat of; to choke; to strangle.
"Grant him this, and the Parliament hath no more freedom than if it sat in his noose, which, when he pleases to draw together with one twitch of his negative, shall throttle a whole nation, to the wish of Caligula, in one neck." Milton.
2. To utter with breaks and interruption, in the manner of a person half suffocated. [R.]
"Throttle their practiced accent in their fears." Shak.
3. To shut off, or reduce flow of, as steam to an engine.
Throttler
Throt´tler, n.
1. One who, or that which, throttles, or chokes.
2. (Zoöl.) See Flasher, 3 (b). [Prov. Eng.]
Through, prep. [OE. thurgh, þurh, þuruh, þoruh, AS. þurh; akin to OS. thurh, thuru, OFries. thruch, D. door, OHG. durh, duruh, G. durch, Goth. þaírh; cf. Ir. tri, tre, W. trwy. rad.53. Cf. Nostril, Thorough, Thrill.]
1. From end to end of, or from side to side of; from one surface or limit of, to the opposite; into and out of at the opposite, or at another, point; as to bore through a piece of timber, or through a board; a ball passes through the side of a ship.
2. Between the sides or walls of; within; as to pass through a door; to go through an avenue.
"Through the gate of ivory he dismissed
His valiant offspring." Dryden.
3. By means of; by the agency of.
"Through these hands this science has passed with great applause." Sir W. Temple.
"Material things are presented only through their senses." Cheyne.
4. Over the whole surface or extent of; as to ride through the country; to look through an account.
5. Among or in the midst of; — used to denote passage; as a fish swims through the water; the light glimmers through a thicket.
6. From the beginning to the end of; to the end or conclusion of; as through life; through the year.
Through, adv.
1. From one end or side to the other; as to pierce a thing through.
2. From beginning to end; as to read a letter through.
3. To the end; to a conclusion; to the ultimate purpose; as to carry a project through. Through was formerly used to form compound adjectives where we now use thorough; as through-bred; through- lighted; through-placed, etc. To drop through, to fall through; to come to naught; to fail. — To fall through. See under Fall, v. i.
Through, a. Going or extending through; going, extending, or serving from the beginning to the end; thorough; complete; as a through line; a through ticket; a through train. also admitting of passage through; as a through bridge. Through bolt, a bolt which passes through all the thickness or layers of that which it fastens, or in which it is fixed. — Through bridge, a bridge in which the floor is supported by the lower chords of the tissues instead of the upper, so that travel is between the trusses and not over them. Cf. Deck bridge, under Deck. — Through cold, a deep- seated cold. [Obs.] Holland. — Through stone, a flat gravestone. [Scot.] [Written also through stane.] Sir W. Scott. — Through ticket, a ticket for the whole journey. — Through train, a train which goes the whole length of a railway, or of a long route.
Throughout
Through•out´, adv. In every part; as the cloth was of a piece throughout.
Throw (thro), n. [See Throe.] Pain; especially, pain of travail; throe. [Obs.] Spenser. Dryden.
Throw, v. t. [ imp. Threw (thru); p. p. Thrown (thron); p. pr. & vb. n. Throwing.] [OE. þrowen, þrawen, to throw, to twist, AS. þrawan to twist, to whirl; akin to D. draaijen, G. drehen, OHG. drajan, L. terebra an auger, gimlet, Gr. to bore, to turn, to pierce, a hole. Cf. Thread, Trite, Turn, v. t.]
1. To fling, cast, or hurl with a certain whirling motion of the arm, to throw a ball; — distinguished from to toss, or to bowl.
2. To fling or cast in any manner; to drive to a distance from the hand or from an engine; to propel; to send; as to throw stones or dust with the hand; a cannon throws a ball; a fire engine throws a stream of water to extinguish flames.
3. To drive by violence; as a vessel or sailors may be thrown upon a rock.
4. (Mil.) To cause to take a strategic position; as he threw a detachment of his army across the river.
5. To overturn; to prostrate in wrestling; as a man throws his antagonist.
6. To cast, as dice; to venture at dice.
"Set less than thou throwest." Shak.
7. To put on hastily; to spread carelessly.
"O’er his fair limbs a flowery vest he threw." Pope.
8. To divest or strip one’s self of; to put off.
"There the snake throws her enameled skin." Shak.
9. (Pottery) To form or shape roughly on a throwing engine, or potter’s wheel, as earthen vessels.
10. To give forcible utterance to; to cast; to vent.
"I have thrown
A brave defiance in King Henry’s teeth." Shak.
11. To bring forth; to produce, as young; to bear; — said especially of rabbits.
12. To twist two or more filaments of, as silk, so as to form one thread; to twist together, as singles, in a direction contrary to the twist of the singles themselves; — sometimes applied to the whole class of operations by which silk is prepared for the weaver. Tomlinson. To throw away. (a) To lose by neglect or folly; to spend in vain; to bestow without a compensation; as to throw away time; to throw away money. (b) To reject; as to throw away a good book, or a good offer. — To throw back. (a) To retort; to cast back, as a reply. (b) To reject; to refuse. (c) To reflect, as light. — To throw by, to lay aside; to discard; to neglect as useless; as to throw by a garment. — To throw down, to subvert; to overthrow; to destroy; as to throw down a fence or wall. — To throw in. (a) To inject, as a fluid. (b) To put in; to deposit with others; to contribute; as to throw in a few dollars to help make up a fund; to throw in an occasional comment. (c) To add without enumeration or valuation, as something extra to clinch a bargain. — To throw off. (a) To expel; to free one’s self from; as to throw off a disease. (b) To reject; to discard; to abandon; as to throw off all sense of shame; to throw off a dependent. (c) To make a start in a hunt or race. [Eng.] — To throw on, to cast on; to load. — To throw one’s self down, to lie down neglectively or suddenly. — To throw one’s self on or upon. (a) To fall upon. (b) To resign one’s self to the favor, clemency, or sustain power of (another); to repose upon. — To throw out. (a) To cast out; to reject or discard; to expel. "The other two, whom they had thrown out, they were content should enjoy their exile." Swift. "The bill was thrown out." Swift. (b) To utter; to give utterance to; to speak; as to throw out insinuation or observation. "She throws out thrilling shrieks." Spenser. (c) To distance; to leave behind. Addison. (d) To cause to project; as to throw out a pier or an abutment. (e) To give forth; to emit; as an electric lamp throws out a brilliant light. (f) To put out; to confuse; as a sudden question often throws out an orator. — To throw over, to abandon the cause of; to desert; to discard; as to throw over a friend in difficulties. — To throw up. (a) To resign; to give up; to demit; as to throw up a commission. "Experienced gamesters throw up their cards when they know that the game is in the enemy’s hand." Addison. (b) To reject from the stomach; to vomit. (c) To construct hastily; as to throw up a breastwork of earth.
Throw, n.
1. The act of hurling or flinging; a driving or propelling from the hand or an engine; a cast.
"He heaved a stone, and, rising to the throw,
He sent it in a whirlwind at the foe." Addison.
2. A stroke; a blow. [Obs.]
"Nor shield defend the thunder of his throws." Spenser.
3. The distance which a missile is, or may be, thrown; as a stone’s throw.
4. A cast of dice; the manner in which dice fall when cast; as a good throw.
5. An effort; a violent sally. [Obs.]
"Your youth admires
The throws and swellings of a Roman soul." Addison.
6. (Mach.) The extreme movement given to a sliding or vibrating reciprocating piece by a cam, crank, eccentric, or the like; travel; stroke; as the throw of a slide valve. also frequently, the length of the radius of a crank, or the eccentricity of an eccentric; as the throw of the crank of a steam engine is equal to half the stroke of the piston.
7. (Pottery) A potter’s wheel or table; a jigger. See 2d Jigger, 2 (a).
8. A turner’s lathe; a throwe. [Prov. Eng.]
9. (Mining) The amount of vertical displacement produced by a fault; — according to the direction it is designated as an upthrow, or a downthrow.
Throw-crook
Throw´-crook, n. (Agric.) An instrument used for twisting ropes out of straw.
Throwing
Throw´ing, a. & n. from Throw, v. Throwing engine, Throwing mill, Throwing table, or Throwing wheel (Pottery), a machine on which earthenware is first rudely shaped by the hand of the potter from a mass of clay revolving rapidly on a disk or table carried by a vertical spindle; a potter’s wheel.
Thrown, a. & p. p. from Throw, v. Thrown silk, silk thread consisting of two or more singles twisted together like a rope, in a direction contrary to that in which the singles of which it is composed are twisted. M’Culloch. — Thrown singles, silk thread or cord made by three processes of twisting, first into singles, two or more of which are twisted together making dumb singles, and several of these twisted together to make thrown singles.
Throwster
Throw´ster, n. [ Throw + - ster.] One who throws or twists silk; a thrower.
Thrum, n. [OE. thrum, throm; akin to OD. drom, D. dreum, G. trumm, lump, end, fragment, OHG. drum end, Icel. römr edge, brim, and L. terminus a limit, term. Cf. Term.] [Written also thrumb.]
1. One of the ends of weaver’s threads; hence, any soft, short threads or tufts resembling these.
2. Any coarse yarn; an unraveled strand of rope.
3. (Bot.) A threadlike part of a flower; a stamen.
4. (Mining) A shove out of place; a small displacement or fault along a seam.
5. (Naut.) A mat made of canvas and tufts of yarn. Thrum cap, a knitted cap. Halliwell. - - Thrum hat, a hat made of coarse woolen cloth. Minsheu.
Thrum, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thrummed p. pr. & vb. n. Thrumming.]
1. To furnish with thrums; to insert tufts in; to fringe.
"Are we born to thrum caps or pick straw?" Quarles.
2. (Naut.) To insert short pieces of rope- yarn or spun yarn in; as to thrum a piece of canvas or a mat, thus making a rough or tufted surface. Totten.
Thrumwort
Thrum´wort, n. (Bot.) A kind of amaranth ( Amarantus caudatus). Dr. Prior.
Thrush, n. [OE. þrusche, AS. þrysce; akin to OHG. drosca, droscea, droscela, and E. throstle. Cf. Throstle.]
1. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of singing birds belonging to Turdus and allied genera. They are noted for the sweetness of their songs. Among the best-known European species are the song thrush or throstle ( Turdus musicus), the missel thrush (see under Missel), the European redwing, and the blackbird. The most important American species are the wood thrush ( Turdus mustelinus), Wilson’s thrush ( T. fuscescens), the hermit thrush (see under Hermit), Swainson’s thrush ( T. Aliciae), and the migratory thrush, or American robin (see Robin).
2. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of singing birds more or less resembling the true thrushes in appearance or habits; as the thunderbird and the American brown thrush (or thrasher). See Brown thrush. Ant thrush. See Ant thrush, Breve, and Pitta. — Babbling thrush, any one of numerous species of Asiatic timaline birds; — called also babbler. — Fruit thrush, any species of bulbul. — Shrike thrush. See under Shrike. — Stone thrush, the missel thrush; — said to be so called from its marbled breast. — Thrush nightingale. See Nightingale, 2. - - Thrush tit, any one of several species of Asiatic singing birds of the genus Cochoa. They are beautifully colored birds allied to the tits, but resembling thrushes in size and habits. — Water thrush. (a) The European dipper. (b) An American warbler ( Seiurus Noveboracensis).
Thrush, n. [Akin to Dan. tröske, Sw. trosk; cf. Dan. tör dry, Sw. torr, Icel. þurr, AS. þyrr, OE. thrust thrist, E. thrist.]
1. (Med.) An affection of the mouth, fauces, etc., common in newly born children, characterized by minute ulcers called aphthae. See Aphthae.
2. (Far.) An inflammatory and suppurative affection of the feet in certain animals. In the horse it is in the frog.
Thrust, n. & v. Thrist. [Obs.] Spenser.
Thrust, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thrust p. pr. & vb. n. Thrusting.] [OE. rusten, risten, resten, Icel. rst to thrust, press, force, compel; perhaps akin to E. threat.]
1. To push or drive with force; to drive, force, or impel; to shove; as to thrust anything with the hand or foot, or with an instrument.
"Into a dungeon thrust, to work with slaves." Milton.
2. To stab; to pierce; — usually with through. To thrust away or from, to push away; to reject. — To thrust in, to push or drive in. — To thrust off, to push away. - - To thrust on, to impel; to urge. — To thrust one’s self in or into, to obtrude upon, to intrude, as into a room; to enter (a place) where one is not invited or not welcome. — To thrust out, to drive out or away; to expel. — To thrust through, to pierce; to stab. "I am eight times thrust through the doublet." Shak. — To thrust together, to compress.
Thrust, n.
1. A violent push or driving, as with a pointed weapon moved in the direction of its length, or with the hand or foot, or with any instrument; a stab; — a word much used as a term of fencing.
"[Polites] Pyrrhus with his lance pursues,
And often reaches, and his thrusts renews." Dryden.
2. An attack; an assault.
"One thrust at your pure, pretended mechanism." Dr. H. More.
3. (Mech.) The force or pressure of one part of a construction against other parts; especially (Arch.), a horizontal or diagonal outward pressure, as of an arch against its abutments, or of rafters against the wall which support them.
4. (Mining) The breaking down of the roof of a gallery under its superincumbent weight. Thrust bearing (Screw Steamers), a bearing arranged to receive the thrust or endwise pressure of the screw shaft. — Thrust plane (Geol.), the surface along which dislocation has taken place in the case of a reversed fault.
Syn. — Push; shove; assault; attack. Thrust, Push, Shove. Push and shove usually imply the application of force by a body already in contact with the body to be impelled. Thrust, often, but not always, implies the impulse or application of force by a body which is in motion before it reaches the body to be impelled.
Thryfallow
Thry´fal•low, v. t. [Perhaps fr. thrice + fallow. Cf. Trifallow.] To plow for the third time in summer; to trifallow. [R.] [Written also thrifallow.] Tusser.
Thug, n. An assassin; a ruffian; a rough. "Thugs and midnight rounders." The Century.
Thuja
Thu´ja, n. [NL., from Gr. an African tree with sweet-smelling wood.] (Bot.) A genus of evergreen trees, thickly branched, remarkable for the distichous arrangement of their branches, and having scalelike, closely imbricated, or compressed leaves. [Written also thuya.] See Thyine wood. Thuja occidentalis is the Arbor vitae of the Eastern and Northern United States. T. gigantea of North-waetern America is a very large tree, there called red cedar, and canoe cedar, and furnishes a useful timber.
Thulium
Thu´li•um, n. [NL. See Thule.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of uncertain properties and identity, said to have been found in the mineral gadolinite.
Thumb, n. [OE. thombe, thoumbe, þume, AS. þuma; akin to OFries. thuma, D. duim, G. daumen, OHG. dumo, Icel. þumall, Dan. tommelfinger, Sw. tumme, and perhaps to L. tumere to swell. rad.56. Cf. Thimble, Tumid.] The short, thick first digit of the human hand, differing from the other fingers in having but two phalanges; the pollex. See Pollex.
"Upon his thumb he had of gold a ring." Chaucer. Thumb band, a twist of anything as thick as the thumb. Mortimer. — Thumb blue, indigo in the form of small balls or lumps, used by washerwomen to blue linen, and the like. — Thumb latch, a door latch having a lever formed to be pressed by the thumb. — Thumb mark. (a) The mark left by the impression of a thumb, as on the leaves of a book. Longfellow. (b) The dark spot over each foot in finely bred black and tan terriers. — Thumb nut, a nut for a screw, having wings to grasp between the thumb and fingers in turning it; also a nut with a knurled rim for the same perpose. — Thumb ring, a ring worn on the thumb. Shak. — Thumb stall. (a) A kind of thimble or ferrule of iron, or leather, for protecting the thumb in making sails, and in other work. (b) (Mil.) A buckskin cushion worn on the thumb, and used to close the vent of a cannon while it is sponged, or loaded. — Under one’s thumb, completely under one’s power or influence; in a condition of subservience. [Colloq.]
Thumb, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thumbed p. pr. & vb. n. Thumbing ]
1. To handle awkwardly. Johnson.
2. To play with the thumbs, or with the thumbs and fingers; as to thumb over a tune.
3. To soil or wear with the thumb or the fingers; to soil, or wear out, by frequent handling; also to cover with the thumb; as to thumb the touch-hole of a cannon.
"He gravely informed the enemy that all his cards had been thumbed to pieces, and begged them to let him have a few more packs." Macaulay.
Thumb, v. i. To play with the thumb or thumbs; to play clumsily; to thrum.
Thumbkin
Thumb´kin, n. An instrument of torture for compressing the thumb; a thumbscrew.
Thummim
Thum´mim, n. pl. [Heb., pl. of thom perfection.] A mysterious part or decoration of the breastplate of the Jewish high priest. See the note under Urim.
Thump, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thumped p. pr. & vb. n. Thumping.] To strike or beat with something thick or heavy, or so as to cause a dull sound.
"These bastard Bretons; whom our hathers
Have in their own land beaten, bobbed, and thumped." Shak.
Thunder
Thun´der, n. [OE. þunder, þonder, þoner, AS. þunor; akin to þunian to stretch, to thunder, D. donder thunder, G. donner, OHG. donar, Icel. þorr Thor, L. tonare to thunder, tonitrus thunder, Gr. to•nos a stretching, straining, Skr. tan to stretch. rad.52. See Thin, and cf. Astonish, Detonate, Intone, Thursday, Tone.]
1. The sound which follows a flash of lightning; the report of a discharge of atmospheric electricity.
2. The discharge of electricity; a thunderbolt. [Obs.]
"The revenging gods
’Gainst parricides did all their thunders bend." Shak.
3. Any loud noise; as the thunder of cannon.
4. An alarming or statrling threat or denunciation.
"The thunders of the Vatican could no longer strike into the heart of princes." Prescott. Thunder pumper. (Zoöl.) (a) The croaker ( Haploidontus grunniens). (b) The American bittern or stake-driver. — Thunder rod, a lightning rod. [R.] — Thunder snake. (Zoöl.) (a) The chicken, or milk, snake. (b) A small reddish ground snake ( Carphophis, or Celuta, amœna) native to the Eastern United States; — called also worm snake. — Thunder tube, a fulgurite. See Fulgurite.
Thunder
Thun´der, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Thundered p. pr. & vb. n. Thundering.] [AS. þunrian. See Thunder, n. ]
1. To produce thunder; to sound, rattle, or roar, as a discharge of atmospheric electricity; — often used impersonally; as it thundered continuously.
"Canst thou thunder with a voice like him?" Job xl. 9.
2. Fig.: To make a loud noise; esp. a heavy sound, of some continuance.
"His dreadful voice no more
Would thunder in my ears." Milton.
3. To utter violent denunciation.
Thunderfish
Thun´der•fish, n. (Zoöl.) A large European loach ( Misgurnus fossilis).
Thunderproof
Thun´der•proof, a. Secure against the effects of thunder or lightning.
Thundershower
Thun´der•show•er, n. A shower accompanied with lightning and thunder.
Thunderstone
Thun´der•stone, n.
1. A thunderbolt, — formerly believed to be a stone.
"Fear no more the lightning flash,
Nor the all-dreaded thunderstone." Shak.
2. (Paleon.) A belemnite. See Belemnite.
Thunderstorm
Thun´der•storm, n. A storm accompanied with lightning and thunder.
Thunderstrike
Thun´der•strike, v. t. [ imp. Thunderstruck p. p. Thunderstruck, -strucken ; p. pr. & vb. n. Thunderstriking.]
1. To strike, blast, or injure by, or as by, lightning. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.
2. To astonish, or strike dumb, as with something terrible; — rarely used except in the past participle.
"drove before him, thunderstruck." Milton.
Thundery
Thun´der•y, a. Accompanied with thunder; thunderous. [R.] "Thundery weather." Pennant.
Thundrous
Thun´drous, a. Thunderous; sonorous. "Scraps of thunderous epic." Tennyson.
Thurification
Thu•ri•fi•ca´tion, n. [L. thus incense + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] The act of fuming with incense, or the act of burning incense.
Thurl, n. [AS. þyrel a hole. rad.53. See Thirl, Thrill.]
1. A hole; an aperture. [Obs.]
2. (Mining) (a) A short communication between adits in a mine. (b) A long adit in a coalpit.
Thurl, v. t. [See Thrill.]
1. To cut through; to pierce. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
2. (Mining) To cut through, as a partition between one working and another.
Thurling
Thurl´ing, n. (Mining) Same as Thurl, n. , 2 (a).
Thursday
Thurs´day, n. [OE. þursdei, þorsday, from the Scand. name Thor + E. day. Icel. þorr Thor, the god of thunder, is akin to AS. þunor thunder; D. Donderdag Thursday, G. Donnerstag, Icel. þorsdagr, Sw. & Dan. Torsdag. rad.52. See Thor, Thunder, and Day.] The fifth day of the week, following Wednesday and preceding Friday. Holy Thursday. See under Holy.
Thus, n. [L. thus, better tus, frankincense. See Thurible.] The commoner kind of frankincense, or that obtained from the Norway spruce, the long-leaved pine, and other conifers.
Thus (thus), adv. [OE. thus, AS. ðus; akin to OFries. & OS. thus, D. dus, and E. that; cf. OHG. sus. See That.]
1. In this or that manner; on this wise.
"Thus did Noah; according to all that God commanded him, so did he." Gen. vi. 22.
"Thus God the heaven created, thus the earth." Milton.
2. To this degree or extent; so far; so; as thus wise; thus peaceble; thus bold. Shak.
"Thus far extend, thus far thy bounds." Milton.
Thussock
Thus´sock, n. See Tussock. [Obs.]
Thwack (thwak), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thwacked p. pr. & vb. n. Thwacking.] [Cf. OE. thakken to stroke, AS. þaccian, E. whack.]
1. To strike with something flat or heavy; to bang, or thrash: to thump. "A distant thwacking sound." W. Irving.
2. To fill to overflow. [Obs.] Stanyhurst.
Thwaite, n. (Zoöl.) The twaite.
Thwaite, n. [CF. Icel. þveit a piece of land, fr. þvita to cut. See Thwite, and cf. Doit, and Twaite land cleared of woods.] Forest land cleared, and converted to tillage; an assart. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Thwaite occurs in composition as the last element in many names of places in the north of England; as in Ros thwaite, Stone thwaite.
Thwart, a. [OE. þwart, þwert, a. and adv., Icel. þvert, neut. of þverr athwart, transverse, across; akin to AS. þweorh perverse, transverse, cross, D. dwars, OHG. dwerah, twerh, G. zwerch, quer, Dan. & Sw. tver athwart, transverse, Sw. tvär cross, unfriendly, Goth. þwaírhs angry. Cf. Queer.]
1. Situated or placed across something else; transverse; oblique.
"Moved contrary with thwart obliquities." Milton.
2. Fig.: Perverse; crossgrained. [Obs.] Shak.
Thwart, adv. [See Thwart, a. ] Thwartly; obliquely; transversely; athwart. [Obs.] Milton.
Thwart, prep. Across; athwart. Spenser. Thwart ships. See Athwart ships, under Athwart.
Thwart, n. (Naut.) A seat in an open boat reaching from one side to the other, or athwart the boat.
Thwart, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Thwarted; p. pr. & vb. n. Thwarting.]
1. To move across or counter to; to cross; as an arrow thwarts the air. [Obs.]
"Swift as a shooting star
In autumn thwarts the night." Milton.
2. To cross, as a purpose; to oppose; to run counter to; to contravene; hence, to frustrate or defeat.
"If crooked fortune had not thwarted me." Shak.
"The proposals of the one never thwarted the inclinations of the other." South.
Thwartingly
Thwart´ing•ly, adv. In a thwarting or obstructing manner; so as to thwart.
Thwartness
Thwart´ness, n. The quality or state of being thwart; obliquity; perverseness.
Thwite, v. t. [AS. þwitan. See Whittle, and cf. Thwaite a piece of land.] To cut or clip with a knife; to whittle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer.
Thwittle
Thwit´tle, v. t. [See Thwite, and Whittle.] To cut or whittle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Palsgrave.
Thy, pron. [OE. thi, shortened from thin. See Thine, Thou.] Of thee, or belonging to thee; the more common form of thine, possessive case of thou; — used always attributively, and chiefly in the solemn or grave style, and in poetry. Thine is used in the predicate; as the knife is thine. See Thine.
"Our father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done." Matt. vi. 9,10.
"These are thy glorious works, Parent of good." Milton.
Thylacine
Thy´la•cine, n. [Gr. a sack.] (Zoöl.) The zebra wolf. See under Wolf.
Thymate
Thym´ate, n. (Chem.) A compound of thymol analogous to a salt; as sodium thymate.
Thyme (tim), n. [OE. tyme, L. thymum, Gr. qy•mon, qy•mos; cf. qy•ein, to sacrifice, qy•os a sacrifice, offering, incense: cf. F. thym; — perhaps so named because of its sweet smell. Cf. Fume, n. ] (Bot.) Any plant of the labiate genus Thymus. The garden thyme ( Thymus vulgaris) is a warm, pungent aromatic, much used to give a relish to seasoning and soups.
"Ankle deep in moss and flowery thyme." Cowper. Cat thyme, a labiate plant ( Teucrium Marum) of the Mediterranean religion. Cats are said to be fond of rolling on it. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants). — Wild thyme, Thymus Serpyllum, common on banks and hillsides in Europe.
"I know a bank where the wild thyme blows." Shak.
Thymene
Thym´ene, n. (Chem.) A liquid terpene obtained from oil of thyme.
Thymic
Thym´ic, a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the thymus gland.
Thymic
Thy´mic, a. (Med. Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, thyme; as thymic acid.
Thyroid
Thy´roid, a. [Gr. shield-shaped; a large, oblong shield (from a door) + form: cf. F. thyroïde, thyreoïde.]
1. Shaped like an oblong shield; shield-shaped; as the thyroid cartilage.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the thyroid body, thyroid cartilage, or thyroid artery; thyroideal. Thyroid cartilage. See under Larynx. - - Thyroid body, or Thyroid gland (Anat.), a glandlike but ductless body, or pair of bodies, of unknown function, in the floor of the mouth or the region of the larynx. In man and most mammals it is a highly vascular organ, partly surrounding the base of the larynx and the upper part of the trachea. — Thyroid dislocation (Surg.), dislocation of the thigh bone into the thyroid foramen. — Thyroid foramen, the obturator foramen.
Thyrsus
Thyr´sus, n. ; pl. Thyrsi (#). [L., fr. Gr. . Cf. Torso.]
1. A staff entwined with ivy, and surmounted by a pine cone, or by a bunch of vine or ivy leaves with grapes or berries. It is an attribute of Bacchus, and of the satyrs and others engaging in Bacchic rites.
"A good to grow on graves
As twist about a thyrsus." Mrs. Browning.
"In my hand I bear
The thyrsus, tipped with fragrant cones of pine." Longfellow.
2. (Bot.) A species of inflorescence; a dense panicle, as in the lilac and horse-chestnut.
Thysanopter
Thy•sa•nop´ter, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Thysanoptera.
Thysanoptera
Thy•sa•nop´te•ra, n. pl. [NL., from Gr. a fringe + a wing.] (Zoöl.) A division of insects, considered by some writers a distinct order, but regarded by others as belonging to the Hemiptera. They are all of small size, and have narrow, broadly fringed wings with rudimentary nervures. Most of the species feed upon the juices of plants, and some, as those which attack grain, are very injurious to crops. Called also Physopoda. See Thrips.
Thysanopteran
Thy•sa•nop´ter•an, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Thysanoptera.
Thysanopterous
Thy•sa•nop´ter•ous, a. Of or pertaining to the Thysanoptera.
Thysanura
Thys•a•nu´ra, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. fringe + tail.] (Zoöl.) An order of wingless hexapod insects which have setiform caudal appendages, either bent beneath the body to form a spring, or projecting as bristles. It comprises the Cinura, or bristletails, and the Collembola, or springtails. Called also Thysanoura. See Lepisma, and Podura.
Thysanuran
Thys•a•nu´ran, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Thysanura. Also used adjectively.
Thysanurous
Thys•a•nu´rous, a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Thysanura.