Suable
Su´a•ble, a. (Law) Capable of being sued; subject by law to be called to answer in court. Story.

Suade, v. t. [L. suadere.] To persuade. [Obs.]

Suadible
Suad´i•ble, a. [L. suadibilis.] Suasible. [Obs.] Wyclif (James iii. 17).

Suage, v. t. To assuage. [Obs.] Dryden.

Suant
Su´ant, a. [Cf. Sue to pursue.] Spread equally over the surface; uniform; even. [Written also suent.] [Local, U.S. & Prov. Eng.] — Su´ant•ly, adv. [Local, U.S. & Prov. Eng.]

Suasion
Sua´sion, n. [L. suasio, fr. suadere, suasum, to advise, persuade, fr. suadus persuading, persuasive; akin to suavis sweet: cf. OF. suasion. See Suave, and cf. Dissuade, Persuade.] The act of persuading; persuasion; as moral suasion.

Suasory
Sua´so•ry, a. [L. suasorius: cf. F. suasoire.] Tending to persuade; suasive.

Suave, a. [L. suavis sweet, pleasant: cf. F. suave. See Sweet, and cf. Suasion.] Sweet; pleasant; delightful; gracious or agreeable in manner; bland. — Suave´ly, adv.

Suaviloquy
Sua•vil´o•quy, n. [L. suaviloquium.] Sweetness of speech. [R.]

Suavity
Suav´i•ty, n. [L. suavitas: cf. F. suavite.]
1. Sweetness to the taste. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
2. The quality of being sweet or pleasing to the mind; agreeableness; softness; pleasantness; gentleness; urbanity; as suavity of manners; suavity of language, conversation, or address. Glanvill.

Sub, n. A subordinate; a subaltern. [Colloq.]

Sub- [L. sub under, below; akin to Gr., Skr. upa to, on, under, over. Cf. Hypo-, Super- .]
1. A prefix signifying under, below, beneath, and hence often, in an inferior position or degree, in an imperfect or partial state, as in subscribe, substruct, subserve, subject, subordinate, subacid, subastringent, subgranular, suborn. Sub- in Latin compounds often becomes sum- before m, sur before r, and regularly becomes suc-, suf-, sug-, and sup- before c, f, g, and p respectively. Before c, p, and t it sometimes takes form sus- (by the dropping of b from a collateral form, subs-).
2. (Chem.) A prefix denoting that the ingredient (of a compound) signified by the term to which it is prefixed,is present in only a small proportion, or less than the normal amount; as subsulphide, suboxide, etc. Prefixed to the name of a salt it is equivalent to basic; as subacetate or basic acetate. [Obsoles.]

Subacetate
Sub•ac´e•tate, n. (Chem.) An acetate containing an excess of the basic constituent.

Subacid
Sub•ac´id, a. [L. subacidus. See Sub-, Acid.] Moderately acid or sour; as some plants have subacid juices. — n. A substance moderately acid.

Subacromial
Sub•a•cro´mi•al, a. (Anat.) Situated beneath the acromial process of the scapula.

Subact
Sub•act´, v. t. [L. subactus, p. p. of subigere to subdue; sub under + agere to lead, bring.] To reduce; to subdue. [Obs.] Bacon.

Subaction
Sub•ac´tion, n. [Cf. L. subactio a working up, discipline.] The act of reducing to any state, as of mixing two bodies combletely. [Obs.] Bacon.

Subacute
Sub•a•cute´, a. Moderalely acute.

Subaduncate
Sub•a•dun´cate, a. (Zoöl.) Somewhat hooked or curved.

Subadvocate
Sub•ad´vo•cate, n. An under or subordinate advocate.

Subaërial
Sub•a•ë"ri•al, a. Beneath the sky; in the open air; specifically (Geol.), taking place on the earth’s surface, as opposed to subaqueous.

Subagency
Sub•a´gen•cy, n. A subordinate agency.

Subagent
Sub•a´gent, n. (Law) A person employed by an agent to transact the whole, or a part, of the business intrusted to the latter. Bouvier. Chitty.

Subagitation
Sub•ag•i•ta´tion, n. [L. subagitatio, fr. subagitare to lie with illicity.] Unlawful sexual intercourse. [Obs.]

Subah
Su´bah (soo"ba), n. [Per. & Hind. subah.] A province; a government, as of a viceroy; also a subahdar. [India]

Subahdar
Su´bah•dar, n. [Per. & Hind. subah-dar, Per. subah a province + dar holding, keeping.] A viceroy; a governor of a subah; also a native captain in the British native army. [India] { Su´bah•dar•y, Su´bah•ship } n. The office or jurisdiction of a subahdar.

Subaid
Sub•aid´, v. t. To aid secretly; to assist in a private manner, or indirectly. [R.] Daniel.

Subalmoner
Sub•al´mon•er, n. An under almoner.

Subalpine
Sub•al´pine, a. [L. subalpinus.] (Bot. & Zoöl.) Inhabiting the somewhat high slopes and summits of mountains, but considerably below the snow line.

Subaltern
Sub•al´tern, a. [F. subalterne, LL. subalternus, fr. L. sub under + alter the one, the other of two. See Alter.]
1. Ranked or ranged below; subordinate; inferior; specifically (Mil.), ranking as a junior officer; being below the rank of captain; as a subaltern officer.
2. (Logic) Asserting only a part of what is asserted in a related proposition. Subaltern genus. (Logic) See under Genus.

Subaltern
Sub•al´tern, n.
1. A person holding a subordinate position; specifically, a commissioned military officer below the rank of captain.
2. (Logic) A subaltern proposition. Whately.

Subalternant
Sub•al•ter´nant, n. (Logic) A universal proposition. See Subaltern, 2. Whately.

Subalternation
Sub•al´ter•na•tion, n. The state of being subalternate; succession of turns; subordination.

Subangular
Sub•an´gu•lar, a. Slightly angular.

Subapennine
Sub•ap´en•nine, a. Under, or at the foot of, the Apennine mountains; — applied, in geology, to a series of Tertiary strata of the older Pliocene period.

Subapical
Sub•ap´ic•al, a. Being under the apex; of or pertaining to the part just below the apex.

Subaquaneous
Sub•a•qua´ne•ous, a. [L. subaquaneus; sub + aqua water.] Subaqueous. [Obs.] { Sub•a•quat´ic, Sub•a´que•ous } a.
1. Being under water, or beneath the surface of water; adapted for use under water; submarine; as a subaqueous helmet.
2. (Geol.) Formed in or under water; as subaqueous deposits. { Sub•a•rach´noid, Sub•ar•ach•noid´al } a. (Anat.) Situated under the arachnoid membrane.

Subarctic
Sub•arc´tic, a. Approximately arctic; belonging to a region just without the arctic circle. { Sub•ar´cu•ate, Sub•ar´cu•a•ted } a. Having a figure resembling that of a bow; somewhat curved or arched.

Subarration
Sub•ar•ra´tion, n. [Pref. sub- + L. arra, arrha, earnest money. See Earnest a pledge.] The ancient custom of betrothing by the bestowal, on the part of the man, of marriage gifts or tokens, as money, rings, or other presents, upon the woman.

Subastral
Sub•as´tral, a. Beneath the stars or heavens; terrestrial. Bp. Warburton.

Subastringent
Sub•as•trin´gent, a. Somewhat astringent.

Subatom
Sub•at´om, n. (Chem.) A hypothetical component of a chemical atom, on the theory that the elements themselves are complex substances; — called also atomicule.

Subaud
Sub•aud´, v. t. [L. subaudire, subauditum; sub under + audire to hear.] To understand or supply in an ellipsis. [R.]

Subaudition
Sub•au•di´tion, n. [L. subauditio.] The act of understanding, or supplying, something not expressed; also that which is so understood or supplied. Trench.

Subaxillary
Sub•ax´il•la•ry, a.
1. (Anat.) Situated under the axilla, or armpit.
2. (Bot.) Placed under the axil, or angle formed by the branch of a plant with the stem, or a leaf with the branch.

Subbasal
Sub•ba´sal, a. (Zoöl.) Near the base.

Sub-base
Sub´-base, n. (Arch.) The lowest member of a base when divided horizontally, or of a baseboard, pedestal, or the like.

Sub-bass
Sub´-bass, n. (Mus.) The deepest pedal stop, or the lowest tones of an organ; the fundamental or ground bass. [Written also sub-base.] Ayliffe.

Subbeadle
Sub•bea´dle, n. An under beadle.

Subbrachial
Sub•brach´i•al, a. Of or pertaining to the subbrachians.

Subbrachiales
Sub•brach•i•a´les, n. pl. [NL. See Sub-, and Brachial.] (Zoöl.) A division of soft-finned fishes in which the ventral fins are situated beneath the pectorial fins, or nearly so.

Subbreed
Sub´breed, n. (Zoöl.) A race or strain differing in certain characters from the parent breed; an incipient breed.

Subbronchial
Sub•bron´chi•al, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the bronchi; as the subbronchial air sacs of birds.

Subcaliber
Sub•cal´i•ber, a. Smaller than the caliber of a firearm. [Written also subcalibre.] Subcaliber projectile, a projectile having a smaller diameter than the caliber of the arm from which it is fired, and to which it is fitted by means of a sabot. Knight.

Subcarbonate
Sub•car´bon•ate, n. (Chem.) A carbonate containing an excess of the basic constituent.

Subcarboniferous
Sub•car•bon•if´er•ous, a. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the lowest division of the Carboniferous formations underlying the proper coal measures. It was a marine formation characterized in general by beds of limestone. — n. The Subcarboniferous period or formation.

Subcarbureted
Sub•car´bu•ret•ed, a. (Chem.) United with, or containing, carbon in less than the normal proportion. [Written also subcarburetted.] [Obsoles.]

Subcartilaginous
Sub•car•ti•lag´i•nous, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under or beneath a cartilage or cartilages. (b) Partially cartilaginous.

Subcaudal
Sub•cau´dal, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the tail; as the subcaudal, or chevron, bones.

Subcelestial
Sub•ce•les´tial, a. Being beneath the heavens; as subcelestial glories. Barrow.

Subcellar
Sub•cel´lar, n. A cellar beneath another story wholly or partly underground; usually, a cellar under a cellar.

Subcentral
Sub•cen´tral, a.
1. Under the center.
2. Nearly central; not quite central.

Subchanter
Sub•chant´er, n. (Eccl.) An underchanter; a precentor’s deputy in a cathedral; a succentor.

Subcircular
Sub•cir´cu•lar, a. Nearly circular.

Subclass
Sub´class, n. One of the natural groups, more important than an order, into which some classes are divided; as the angiospermous subclass of exogens.

Subclavian
Sub•cla´vi•an, a. [Pref. sub- + L. clavis a key. See Clavicle.] (Anat.) Situated under the clavicle, or collar bone; as the subclavian arteries.

Subcommittee
Sub•com•mit´tee, n. An under committee; a part or division of a committee.
"Yet by their sequestrators and subcommittees abroad … those orders were commonly disobeyed." Milton.

Subcompressed
Sub•com•pressed´, a. Not fully compressed; partially or somewhat compressed.

Subconcave
Sub•con´cave, a. Slightly concave. Owen.

Subconformable
Sub•con•form´a•ble, a. Partially conformable.

Subconical
Sub•con´ic•al, a. Slightly conical.

Subconjunctival
Sub•con•junc•ti´val, a. (Anat.) Situated under the conjunctiva.

Subconscious
Sub•con´scious, a.
1. Occurring without the possibility or the fact of an attendant consciousness; — said of states of the soul.
2. Partially conscious; feebly conscious.

Subconsciousness
Sub•con´scious•ness, n. The state or quality of being subconscious; a state of mind in which perception and other mental processes occur without distinct consciousness.

Subconstellation
Sub•con•stel•la´tion, n. (Astron.) A subordinate constellation. Sir T. Browne.

Subcontract
Sub•con´tract, n. A contract under, or subordinate to, a previous contract.

Subcontracted
Sub•con•tract´ed, a.
1. Contracted after a former contract.
2. Betrothed for the second time. [Obs.] Shak.

Subcontractor
Sub•con•tract´or, n. One who takes a portion of a contract, as for work, from the principal contractor.

Subcontrary
Sub•con´tra•ry, a.
1. Contrary in an inferior degree.
2. (Geom.) Having, or being in, a contrary order; — said of a section of an oblique cone having a circular base made by a plane not parallel to the base, but so inclined to the axis that the section is a circle; applied also to two similar triangles when so placed as to have a common angle at the vertex, the opposite sides not being parallel. Brande & C.
3. (Logic) Denoting the relation of opposition between the particular affirmative and particular negative. Of these both may be true and only one can be false.

Subcontrary
Sub•con´tra•ry, n. ; pl. Subcontraries . (Logic) A subcontrary proposition; a proposition inferior or contrary in a lower degree.

Subcoracoid
Sub•cor´a•coid, a. (Anat.) Situated under the coracoid process of the scapula; as the subcoracoid dislocation of the humerus.

Subcordate
Sub•cor´date, a. Somewhat cordate; somewhat like a heart in shape.

Subcorneous
Sub•cor´ne•ous, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under a horny part or layer. (b) Partially horny.

Subcostal
Sub•cos´tal, a. (Anat. & Zoöl.) Situated below the costas or ribs; as the subcostal muscles. The subcostal muscles are distinct from, and within, the intercostal.

Subcostal
Sub•cos´tal, n.
1. (Anat.) A subcostal muscle.
2. (Zoöl.) One of the principal nervures of the wings of an insect. It is situated next beneath or behind the costal. See Nervure.

Subcrustaceous
Sub•crus•ta´ceous, a. Occurring beneath a crust or scab; as a subcrustaceous cicatrization.

Subcrystalline
Sub•crys´tal•line, a. Imperfectly crystallized. { Sub•cul´trate, Sub•cul´tra•ted } a. (Zoöl.) Having a form resembling that of a colter, or straight on one side and curved on the other.

Subcutaneous
Sub•cu•ta´ne•ous, a. Situated under the skin; hypodermic. — Sub•cu•ta´ne•ous•ly, adv. Subcutaneous operation (Surg.), an operation performed without opening that part of the skin opposite to, or over, the internal section.

Subcuticular
Sub•cu•tic´u•lar, a. (Anat.) Situated under the cuticle, or scarfskin. { Sub•cy•lin´dric•al, Sub•cy•lin´dric }, a. Imperfectly cylindrical; approximately cylindrical.

Subdeacon
Sub•dea´con, n. [Pref. sub- + deacon: cf. L. subdiaconus.] (Eccl.) One belonging to an order in the Roman Catholic Church, next interior to the order of deacons; also a member of a minor order in the Greek Church. { Sub•dea´con•ry, Sub•dea´con•ship } n. (Eccl.) The order or office of subdeacon.

Subdean
Sub´dean, n. [Pref. sub- + dean: cf. F. sousdoyen.] An under dean; the deputy or substitute of a dean. Ayliffe.

Subdeanery
Sub•dean´er•y, n. Office or rank of subdean.

Subdecanal
Sub•dec´a•nal, a. Of or pertaining to a subdean or subdeanery.

Subdecuple
Sub•dec´u•ple, a. Containing one part of ten.

Subdelegate
Sub•del´e•gate, n. A subordinate delegate, or one with inferior powers.

Subdelegate
Sub•del´e•gate, v. t. To appoint to act as subdelegate, or as a subordinate; to depete.

Subdented
Sub•dent´ed, a. Indented beneath.

Subdepartment
Sub•de•part´ment, n. A subordinate department; a bureau. See the Note under Bureau.

Subderisorious
Sub•der•i•so´ri•ous, a. [Pref. sub- + L. derisorius. See Derisory.] Ridiculing with moderation. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Subdiaconate
Sub•di•ac´o•nate, a. Of or pertaining to a subdeacon, or to the office or rank of a subdeacon.

Subdiaconate
Sub•di•ac´o•nate, n. The office or rank of a subdeacon.

Subdial
Sub•di´al, a. [L. subdialis in the open air.] Of or pertaining to the open air; being under the open sky. [R.] N. Bacon.

Subdialect
Sub•di´a•lect, n. A subordinate dialect.

Subdichotomy
Sub•di•chot´o•my, n. A subordinate, or inferior, division into parts; a subdivision. [R.]
"Many subdichatomies of petty schisms." Milton.

Subdilated
Sub•di•lat´ed, a. Partially dilated.

Subdititious
Sub•di•ti´tious, a. [L. subdititius, subditicius, fr. subdere to substitute.] Put secretly in the place of something else; foisted in. [R.]

Subdiversify
Sub•di•ver´si•fy, v. t. To diversify aggain what is already diversified. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

Subdivide
Sub•di•vide´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subdivided p. pr. & vb. n. Subdividing.] [L. subdividere, sub under + dividere to divide. See Divide.] To divide the parts of (anything) into more parts; to part into smaller divisions; to divide again, as what has already been divided.
"The progenies of Cham and Japhet swarmed into colonies, and those colonies were subdivided into many others." Dryden.

Subdivide
Sub•di•vide´, v. i. To be, or to become, subdivided.

Subdivine
Sub•di•vine´, a. Partaking of divinity; divine in a partial or lower degree. Bp. Hall.

Subdivisible
Sub•di•vis´i•ble, a. Susceptible of subdivision.

Subdivision
Sub•di•vi´sion, n. [L. subdivisio: cf. F. subdivision.]
1. The act of subdividing, or separating a part into smaller parts.
2. A part of a thing made by subdividing.
"In the decimal table, the subdivision of the cubit, as span, palm, and digit, are deduced from the shorter cubit." Arbuthnot.

Subdolous
Sub´do•lous, a. [L. subdolus, sub + dolus deceit.] Sly; crafty; cunning; artful. [R.]

Subdominant
Sub•dom´i•nant, n. (Mus.) The fourth tone above, or fifth below, the tonic; — so called as being under the dominant.

Subduable
Sub•du´a•ble, a. Able to be subdued.

Subdual
Sub•du´al, n. Act of subduing. Bp. Warburton. { Sub•duce´, Sub•duct´ } v. t. [L. subducere, subductum; sub under + ducere to lead, to draw. See Duke, and cf. Subdue.]
1. To withdraw; to take away. Milton.
2. To subtract by arithmetical operation; to deduct.
"If, out of that infinite multitude of antecedent generations, we should subduce ten." Sir M. Hale.

Subdue
Sub•due´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subdued p. pr. & vb. n. Subduing.] [OE. soduen, OF. sosduire to seduce, L. subtus below (fr. sub under) + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf. Subduct.]
1. To bring under; to conquer by force or the exertion of superior power, and bring into permanent subjection; to reduce under dominion; to vanquish.
"I will subdue all thine enemies." 1 Chron. xvii. 10.
2. To overpower so as to disable from further resistance; to crush.
"Nothing could have subdued nature To such a lowness, but his unkind daughters." Shak.
"If aught … were worthy to subdue The soul of man." Milton.
3. To destroy the force of; to overcome; as medicines subdue a fever.
4. To render submissive; to bring under command; to reduce to mildness or obedience; to tame; as to subdue a stubborn child; to subdue the temper or passions.
5. To overcome, as by persuasion or other mild means; as to subdue opposition by argument or entreaties.
6. To reduce to tenderness; to melt; to soften; as to subdue ferocity by tears.
7. To make mellow; to break, as land; also to destroy, as weeds.
8. To reduce the intensity or degree of; to tone down; to soften; as to subdue the brilliancy of colors.
Syn. — To conquer; overpower; overcome; surmount; vanquish. See Conquer.

Subduement
Sub•due´ment, n. Subdual. [Obs.] Shak.

Subduer
Sub•du´er, n. One who, or that which, subdues; a conqueror. Spenser.

Subdulcid
Sub•dul´cid, a. [Pref. sub + L. dulcis sweet.] Somewhat sweet; sweetish. [R.]

Subduple
Sub´du•ple, a. (Math.) Indicating one part of two; in the ratio of one to two. Subduple ratio, the ratio of 1 to 2: thus, 3:6 is a subduple ratio, as 6:3 is a duple ratio.

Subduplicate
Sub•du´pli•cate, a. (Math.) Expressed by the square root; — said of ratios. Subduplicate ratio, the ratio of the square roots, or the square root of a ratio; thus, the subduplicate ratio of a to b is rad. a to rad. b, or rad. a/ b.

Subdural
Sub•du´ral, a. (Anat.) Situated under the dura mater, or between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane.

Subeditor
Sub•ed´i•tor, n. An assistant editor, as of a periodical or journal.

Subelongate
Sub•e•lon´gate, a. Not fully elongated; somewhat elongated.

Subendocardial
Sub•en•do•car´di•al, a. (Anat.) Situated under the endocardium.

Subendymal
Sub•en´dy•mal, a. [Pref. sub + endyma.] Situated under the endyma.

Subepidermal
Sub•ep•i•der´mal, a. Situated immediately below the epidermis.

Subepiglottic
Sub•ep•i•glot´tic, a. (Anat.) Situated under the epiglottis.

Subepithelial
Sub•ep•i•the´li•al, a. (Anat.) Situated under the epithelium.

Subequal
Sub•e´qual, a. Nearly equal.

Suberate
Su´ber•ate, n. [Cf. F. suberate.] (Chem.) A salt of suberic acid.

Subereous
Su•be´re•ous, a. [L. subereus of the cork tree.] Of or pertaining to cork; of the nature of cork; suberose.

Suberic
Su•ber´ic, a. [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F. subereque.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to cork; specifically, designating an acid, C₆H₁₂.(CO₂H)₂, homologous with oxalic acid, and obtained from cork and certain fatty oils, as a white crystalline substance.

Suberin
Su´ber•in, n. [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F. suberine.] (Bot.) A material found in the cell walls of cork. It is a modification of lignin.

Suberite
Su´ber•ite, n. [L. suber the cork tree.] (Zoöl.) Any sponge of the genus Suberites and allied genera. These sponges have a fine and compact texture, and contain minute siliceous spicules.

Suberization
Su•ber•i•za´tion, n. (Bot.) Conversion of the cell walls into cork tissue by development of suberin; — commonly taking place in exposed tissues, as when a callus forms over a wound. Suberized cell walls are impervious to water.

Suberize
Su´ber•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. -ized p. pr. & vb. n. -izing ] [L. suber cork.] (Bot.) To effect suberization of.

Subesophageal
Sub•e•so•phag´e•al, a. (Zoöl.) Situated beneath the esophagus. [Written also subœsophageal.] Subesophageal ganglion (Zoöl.), a large special ganglion situated beneath the esophagus of arthropods, annelids, and some other invertebrates.

Subfamily
Sub•fam´i•ly, n. (Biol.) One of the subdivisions, of more importance than genus, into which certain families are divided.

Subfibrous
Sub•fi´brous, a. Somewhat fibrous.

Subfuscous
Sub•fus´cous, a. [L. subfuscus, suffuscus. See Sub-, and Fuscous.] Duskish; moderately dark; brownish; tawny.

Subgelatinous
Sub•ge•lat´i•nous, a. Imperfectly or partially gelatinous.

Subgeneric
Sub•ge•ner´ic, a. Of or pertaining to a subgenus.

Subgenus
Sub•ge´nus, n. ; pl. Subgenera . (Biol.) A subdivision of a genus, comprising one or more species which differ from other species of the genus in some important character or characters; as the azaleas now constitute a subgenus of Rhododendron.

Subglacial
Sub•gla´cial, a. Pertaining or belonging to the under side of a glacier; being beneath a glacier; as subglacial streams.

Subglobose
Sub•glo•bose´, a. Not quite globose.

Subglobular
Sub•glob´u•lar, a. Nearly globular.

Subglossal
Sub•glos´sal, a. (Anat.) Situated under the tongue; sublingual.

Subglottic
Sub•glot´tic, a. (Anat.) Situated below the glottis; — applied to that part of the cavity of the larynx below the true vocal cords.

Subglumaceous
Sub•glu•ma´ceous, a. Somewhat glumaceous.

Subgovernor
Sub•gov´ern•or, n. A subordinate or assistant governor.

Subgranular
Sub•gran´u•lar, a. Somewhat granular.

Subgroup
Sub´group, n. (Biol.) A subdivision of a group, as of animals. Darwin.

Subhastation
Sub•has•ta´tion, n. [L. subhastatio.] A public sale or auction. [R.] Bp. Burnet.

Subhepatic
Sub•he•pat´ic, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the liver; — applied to the interlobular branches of the portal vein.

Subhornblendic
Sub•horn•blend´ic, a. (Min.) Containing hornblende in a scattered state; of or relating to rocks containing disseminated hornblende.

Subhumerate
Sub•hu´mer•ate, v. t. [See Sub-, Humerus.] To place the shoulders under; to bear. [Obs.]
"Nothing surer ties a friend than freely to subhumerate the burden which was his." Feltham.

Subhyoidean
Sub•hy•oid´e•an, a. (Anat. & Med.) Situated or performed beneath the hyoid bone; as subhyoidean laryngotomy.

Subimago
Sub•i•ma´go, n. [NL. See Sub-, and Imago.] (Zoöl.) A stage in the development of certain insects, such as the May flies, intermediate between the pupa and imago. In this stage, the insect is able to fly, but subsequently sheds a skin before becoming mature. Called also pseudimago.

Subindex
Sub•in´dex, n. ; pl. Subindices . (Math.) A number or mark placed opposite the lower part of a letter or symbol to distinguish the symbol; thus, a0, b1, c2, xn, have 0, 1, 2, and n as subindices.

Subindicate
Sub•in´di•cate, v. t. [Pref. sub + indicate: cf. L. subindicare.] To indicate by signs or hints; to indicate imperfectly. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Subindication
Sub•in•di•ca´tion, n. The act of indicating by signs; a slight indication. [R.] "The subindication and shadowing of heavenly things." Barrow.

Subindividual
Sub•in•di•vid´u•al, n. A division of that which is individual.
"An individual can not branch itself into subindividuals." Milton.

Subinduce
Sub•in•duce´, v. t. To insinuate; to offer indirectly. [Obs.] Sir E. Dering.

Subinfer
Sub•in•fer´, v. t. & i. To infer from an inference already made. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Subinfeudation
Sub•in•feu•da´tion, n. (Law) (a) The granting of lands by inferior lords to their dependents, to be held by themselves by feudal tenure. Craig. (b) Subordinate tenancy; undertenancy.
"The widow is immediate tenant to the heir, by a kind of subinfeudation, or undertenancy." Blackstone.

Subingression
Sub•in•gres´sion, n. Secret entrance. [R.] Boyle.

Subintestinal
Sub•in•tes´ti•nal, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the intestine.

Subinvolution
Sub•in•vo•lu´tion, n. Partial or incomplete involution; as subinvolution of the uterus.

Subitaneous
Sub•i•ta´ne•ous, a. [L. subitaneus. See Sudden.] Sudden; hasty. [Obs.] Bullokar. — Sub•i•ta´ne•ous•ness, n. [Obs.]

Subito
Su´bi•to, adv. [It. & L.] (Mus.) In haste; quickly; rapidly.

Subjacent
Sub•ja´cent, a. [L. subjacens, p. pr. of subjacere to lie under; sub under + jacere to lie.]
1. Lying under or below.
2. Being in a lower situation, though not directly beneath; as hills and subjacent valleys.

Subject
Sub•ject´, a. [OE. suget, OF. souzget, sougit (in which the first part is L. subtus below, fr. sub under), subgiet, subject, F. sujet, from L. subjectus lying under, subjected, p. p. of subjicere, subicere, to throw, lay, place, or bring under; sub under + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.]
1. Placed or situated under; lying below, or in a lower situation. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Placed under the power of another; specifically (International Law), owing allegiance to a particular sovereign or state; as Jamaica is subject to Great Britain.
"Esau was never subject to Jacob." Locke.
3. Exposed; liable; prone; disposed; as a country subject to extreme heat; men subject to temptation.
"All human things are subject to decay." Dryden.
4. Obedient; submissive.
"Put them in mind to be subject to principalities." Titus iii. 1.
Syn. — Liable; subordinate; inferior; obnoxious; exposed. See Liable.

Subject
Sub•ject´, n. [From L. subjectus, through an old form of F. sujet. See Subject, a. ]
1. That which is placed under the authority, dominion, control, or influence of something else.
2. Specifically: One who is under the authority of a ruler and is governed by his laws; one who owes allegiance to a sovereign or a sovereign state; as a subject of Queen Victoria; a British subject; a subject of the United States.
"Was never subject longed to be a king, As I do long and wish to be a subject." Shak.
"The subject must obey his prince, because God commands it, human laws require it." Swift. In international law, the term subject is convertible with citizen.
3. That which is subjected, or submitted to, any physical operation or process; specifically (Anat.), a dead body used for the purpose of dissection.
4. That which is brought under thought or examination; that which is taken up for discussion, or concerning which anything is said or done. "This subject for heroic song." Milton.
"Make choice of a subject, beautiful and noble, which … shall afford an ample field of matter wherein to expatiate." Dryden.
"The unhappy subject of these quarrels." Shak.
5. The person who is treated of; the hero of a piece; the chief character.
"Writers of particular lives … are apt to be prejudiced in favor of their subject." C. Middleton.
6. (Logic & Gram.) That of which anything is affirmed or predicated; the theme of a proposition or discourse; that which is spoken of; as the nominative case is the subject of the verb.
"The subject of a proposition is that concerning which anything is affirmed or denied." I. Watts.
7. That in which any quality, attribute, or relation, whether spiritual or material, inheres, or to which any of these appertain; substance; substratum.
"That which manifests its qualities — in other words, that in which the appearing causes inhere, that to which they belong - - is called their subject or substance, or substratum." Sir W. Hamilton.
8. Hence, that substance or being which is conscious of its own operations; the mind; the thinking agent or principal; the ego. Cf. Object, n. , 2.
"The philosophers of mind have, in a manner, usurped and appropriated this expression to themselves. Accordingly, in their hands, the phrases conscious or thinking subject, and subject, mean precisely the same thing." Sir W. Hamilton.
9. (Mus.) The principal theme, or leading thought or phrase, on which a composition or a movement is based.
"The earliest known form of subject is the ecclesiastical cantus firmus, or plain song." Rockstro.
10. (Fine Arts) The incident, scene, figure, group, etc., which it is the aim of the artist to represent.

Subject
Sub•ject´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subjected p. pr. & vb. n. Subjecting.]
1. To bring under control, power, or dominion; to make subject; to subordinate; to subdue.
"Firmness of mind that subjects every gratification of sense to the rule of right reason." C. Middleton.
"In one short view subjected to our eye, Gods, emperors, heroes, sages, beauties, lie." Pope.
"He is the most subjected, the most nslaved, who is so in his understanding." Locke.
2. To expose; to make obnoxious or liable; as credulity subjects a person to impositions.
3. To submit; to make accountable.
"God is not bound to subject his ways of operation to the scrutiny of our thoughts." Locke.
4. To make subservient.
"Subjected to his service angel wings." Milton.
5. To cause to undergo; as to subject a substance to a white heat; to subject a person to a rigid test.

Subjection
Sub•jec´tion, n. [L. subjectio: cf. OF. subjection, F. subjetion. See Subject, a. ]
1. The act of subjecting, or of bringing under the dominion of another; the act of subduing.
"The conquest of the kingdom, and subjection of the rebels." Sir M. Hale.
2. The state of being subject, or under the power, control, and government of another; a state of obedience or submissiveness; as the safety of life, liberty, and property depends on our subjection to the laws. "To be bound under subjection." Chaucer.
"Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands." 1 Peter iii. 1.
"Because the subjection of the body to the will is by natural necessity, the subjection of the will unto God voluntary, we stand in need of direction after what sort our wills and desires may be rightly conformed to His." Hooker.

Subjective
Sub•jec´tive, a. [L. subjectivus: cf. F. subjectif.]
1. Of or pertaining to a subject.
2. Especially, pertaining to, or derived from, one’s own consciousness, in distinction from external observation; ralating to the mind, or intellectual world, in distinction from the outward or material excessively occupied with, or brooding over, one’s own internal states. In the philosophy of the mind, subjective denotes what is to be referred to the thinking subject, the ego; objective, what belongs to the object of thought, the non- ego. See Objective, a. , 2. Sir W. Hamilton.
3. (Lit. & Art) Modified by, or making prominent, the individuality of a writer or an artist; as a subjective drama or painting; a subjective writer.
Syn. — See Objective. Subjective sensation (Physiol.), one of the sensations occurring when stimuli due to internal causes excite the nervous apparatus of the sense organs, as when a person imagines he sees figures which have no objective reality. — Sub•jec´tive•ly, adv. — Sub•jec´tive•ness, n.

Subjectivist
Sub•jec´tiv•ist, n. (Metaph.) One who holds to subjectivism; an egoist.

Subjectivity
Sub•jec•tiv´i•ty, n. The quality or state of being subjective; character of the subject.

Subjectless
Sub´ject•less, a. Having no subject.

Subject-matter
Sub´ject-mat•ter, n. The matter or thought presented for consideration in some statement or discussion; that which is made the object of thought or study.
"As to the subject-matter, words are always to be understood as having a regard thereto." Blackstone.
"As science makes progress in any subject-matter, poetry recedes from it." J. H. Newman.

Subjectness
Sub´ject•ness, n. Quality of being subject. [R.]

Subjicible
Sub•jic´i•ble, a. Capable of being subjected. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Subjoin
Sub•join´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subjoined p. pr. & vb. n. Subjoining.] [Cf. OF. subjoindre, L. subjungere. See Sub-, and Join, and cf. Subjective.] To add after something else has been said or written; to ANNEX; as to subjoin an argument or reason.
Syn. — To add; annex; join; unite.

Subjugate
Sub´ju•gate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subjugated p. pr. & vb. n. Subjugating.] [L. subjugatus, p. p. of subjugare to subjugate; sub under + jugum a yoke. See Yoke.] To subdue, and bring under the yoke of power or dominion; to conquer by force, and compel to submit to the government or absolute control of another; to vanquish.
"He subjugated a king, and called him his "vassal."" Baker.
Syn. — To conquer; subdue; overcome. See Conquer.

Subjugator
Sub´ju•ga•tor, n. [L.] One who subjugates; a conqueror.

Subjunction
Sub•junc´tion, n. [See Subjunctive.]
1. Act of subjoining, or state of being subjoined.
2. Something subjoined; as a subjunction to a sentence.

Subkingdom
Sub•king´dom, n. One of the several primary divisions of either the animal, or vegetable kingdom, as in zoölogy, the Vertebrata, Tunicata, Mollusca, Articulata, Molluscoidea, Echinodermata, Cœlentera, and the Protozoa; in botany, the Phanerogamia, and the Cryptogamia.

Sublapsarian
Sub•lap•sa´ri•an, n. & a. [Pref. sub + lapse: cf. F. sublapsarien, sublapsarie.] (Eccl. Hist.) Same as Infralapsarian.

Sublapsary
Sub•lap´sa•ry, a. Sublapsarian. Johnson.

Sublate
Sub´late, v. t. [From sublatus, used as p. p. of tollere to take away. See Tolerate.] To take or carry away; to remove. [R.] E. Hall.

Sublative
Sub´la•tive, a. Having power, or tending, to take away. [R.] Harris.

Sublease
Sub´lease, n. (Law) A lease by a tenant or lessee to another person; an underlease. Bouvier.

Sublessee
Sub•les•see´, n. A holder of a sublease.

Sublet
Sub•let´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Sublet; p. pr. & vb. n. Subletting.] To underlet; to lease, as when a lessee leases to another person.

Sublibrarian
Sub•li•bra´ri•an, n. An under or assistant librarian.

Sublieutenant
Sub•lieu•ten´ant, n. [Pref. sub + lieutenant: cf. F. sous-lieutenant.] An inferior or second lieutenant; in the British service, a commissioned officer of the lowest rank.

Subligation
Sub•li•ga´tion, n. [L. subligatio, from subligare to bind below; sub under + ligare to bind.] The act of binding underneath. [R.]

Sublimable
Sub•lim´a•ble, a. [Cf. F. sublimable. See Sublime., v. t.] Capable of being sublimed or sublimated. — Sub•lim´a•ble•ness, n. Boyle.

Sublimated
Sub´li•ma•ted, a. Refined by, or as by, sublimation; exalted; purified.
"[Words] whose weight best suits a sublimated strain." Dryden.

Sublimation
Sub´li•ma•tion, n. [LL. sublimatio: cf. F. sublimation.]
1. (Chem.) The act or process of subliming, or the state or result of being sublimed.
2. The act of heightening or improving; exaltation; elevation; purification.
3. That which is sublimed; the product of a purifying process.
"Religion is the perfection, refinement, and sublimation of morality." South.

Sublimatory
Sub´li•ma•to•ry, a. Used for sublimation; as sublimatory vessels. Boyle.

Sublimatory
Sub´li•ma•to•ry, n. A vessel used for sublimation.
"Vials, crosslets, and sublimatories." Chaucer.

Sublime
Sub•lime´, a. [ Compar. Sublimer superl. Sublimest.] [L. sublimis; sub under + (perhaps) a word akin to limen lintel, sill, thus meaning, up to the lintel: cf. F. sublime. Cf. Eliminate.]
1. Lifted up; high in place; exalted aloft; uplifted; lofty.
"Sublime on these a tower of steel is reared." Dryden.
2. Distinguished by lofty or noble traits; eminent; — said of persons. "The sublime Julian leader." De Quincey.
3. Awakening or expressing the emotion of awe, adoration, veneration, heroic resolve, etc.; dignified; grand; solemn; stately; — said of an impressive object in nature, of an action, of a discourse, of a work of art, of a spectacle, etc.; as sublime scenery; a sublime deed.
"Easy in words thy style, in sense sublime." Prior.
"Know how sublime a thing it is To suffer and be strong." Longfellow.
4. Elevated by joy; elate. [Poetic]
"Their hearts were jocund and sublime, Drunk with idolatry, drunk with wine." Milton.
5. Lofty of mien; haughty; proud. [Poetic] "Countenance sublime and insolent." Spenser.
"His fair, large front and eye sublime declared Absolute rule." Milton.
Syn. — Exalted; lofty; noble; majestic. See Grand.

Sublime
Sub•lime´, n. That which is sublime; — with the definite article; as: (a) A grand or lofty style in speaking or writing; a style that expresses lofty conceptions.
"The sublime rises from the nobleness of thoughts, the magnificence of words, or the harmonious and lively turn of the phrase." Addison. (b) That which is grand in nature or art, as distinguished from the merely beautiful.

Sublime
Sub•lime´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Sublimed p. pr. & vb. n. Subliming.] [Cf. L. sublimare, F. sublimer to subject to sublimation. See Sublime, a. , and cf. Sublimate, v. t.]
1. To raise on high. [Archaic]
"A soul sublimed by an idea above the region of vanity and conceit." E. P. Whipple.
2. (Chem.) To subject to the process of sublimation; to heat, volatilize, and condense in crystals or powder; to distill off, and condense in solid form; hence, also to purify.
3. To exalt; to heighten; to improve; to purify.
"The sun … Which not alone the southern wit sublimes, But ripens spirits in cold, northern climes." Pope.
4. To dignify; to ennoble.
"An ordinary gift can not sublime a person to a supernatural employment." Jer. Taylor.

Sublime
Sub•lime´, v. i. (Chem.) To pass off in vapor, with immediate condensation; specifically, to evaporate or volatilize from the solid state without apparent melting; — said of those substances, like arsenic, benzoic acid, etc., which do not exhibit a liquid form on heating, except under increased pressure.

Sublimed
Sub•limed´, a. (Chem.) Having been subjected to the process of sublimation; hence, also purified. "Sublimed mercurie." Chaucer.

Sublimely
Sub•lime´ly, adv. In a sublime manner.

Sublimeness
Sub•lime´ness, n. The quality or state of being sublime; sublimity.

Sublimification
Sub•lim•i•fi•ca´tion, n. [L. sublimis sublime + -ficare to make. See -ry.] The act of making sublime, or state of being made sublime.

Sublimity
Sub•lim´i•ty, n. ; pl. Sublimities (#). [L. sublimitas: cf. F. sublimite.]
1. The quality or state of being sublime (in any sense of the adjective).
2. That which is sublime; as the sublimities of nature.
Syn. — Grandeur; magnificence. — Sublimity, Grandeur. The mental state indicated by these two words is the same, namely, a mingled emotion of astonishment and awe. In speaking of the quality which produces this emotion, we call it grandeur when it springs from what is vast in space, power, etc.; we call it sublimity when it springs from what is elevated far above the ordinary incidents of humanity. An immense plain is grand. The heavens are not only grand, but sublime (as the predominating emotion), from their immense height. Exalted intellect, and especially exalted virtue under severe trials, give us the sense of moral sublimity, as in the case of our Savior in his prayer for his murderers. We do not speak of Satan, when standing by the fiery gulf, with his "unconquerable will and study of revenge," as a sublime object; but there is a melancholy grandeur thrown around him, as of an "archangel ruined."

Sublingua
Sub•lin´gua, n. ; pl. Sublinguae (#). [NL.] (Anat.) A process or fold below the tongue in some animals.

Sublingual
Sub•lin´gual, a. [Pref. sub + lingual: cf. F. sublingual.] (Anat.) (a) Situated under the tongue; as the sublingual gland. (b) Of or pertaining to the sublingual gland; as sublingual salvia.

Sublition
Sub•li´tion, n. [L. sublinere, sublitum, to smear, to lay on as a ground color.] (Paint.) The act or process of laying the ground in a painting. [R.]

Sublittoral
Sub•lit´to•ral, a. Under the shore. Smart.

Sublobular
Sub•lob´u•lar, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or at the bases of, the lobules of the liver.

Sublumbar
Sub•lum´bar, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lumbar region of the vertebral column. { Sub•lu´nar, Sub´lu•na•ry } a. [Pref. sub + lunar, or lunary: cf. F. sublunaire.] Situated beneath the moon; hence, of or pertaining to this world; terrestrial; earthly.
"All things sublunary are subject to change." Dryden.
"All sublunary comforts imitate the changeableness, as well as feel the influence, of the planet they are under." South.

Sublunary
Sub´lu•na•ry, n. Any worldly thing. [Obs.]

Subluxation
Sub•lux•a´tion, n. [Pref. sub + luxation: cf. F. subluxation.] (Surg.) An incomplete or partial dislocation.

Submammary
Sub•mam´ma•ry, a. Situated under the mammae; as submammary inflammation.

Submarine
Sub•ma•rine´, a. Being, acting, or growing, under water in the sea; as submarine navigators; submarine plants. Submarine armor, a waterproof dress of strong material, having a helmet into which air for breathing is pumped through a tube leading from above the surface to enable a diver to remain under water. — Submarine cable. See Telegraph cable, under Telegraph. — Submarine mine. See Torpedo, 2 (a).

Submarine
Sub•ma•rine´, n. A submarine plant or animal.

Submarine
Sub•ma•rine´, n. A submarine boat; esp., Nav. , a submarine torpedo boat; — called specif. submergible submarine when capable of operating at various depths and of traveling considerable distances under water, and submersible submarine when capable of being only partly submerged, i.e., so that the conning tower, etc., is still above water. The latter type and most of the former type are submerged as desired by regulating the amount of water admitted to the ballast tanks and sink on an even keel; some of the former type effect submersion while under way by means of horizontal rudders, in some cases also with admission of water to the ballast tanks.

Submarshal
Sub•mar´shal, n. An under or deputy marshal.

Submaxillary
Sub•max´il•la•ry, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under the maxilla, or lower jaw; inframaxillary; as the submaxillary gland. (b) Of or pertaining to submaxillary gland; as submaxillary salvia.

Submedial
Sub•me´di•al, a. Lying under the middle.

Submedian
Sub•me´di•an, a. (Zoöl.) Next to the median (on either side); as the submedian teeth of mollusks.

Submediant
Sub•me´di•ant, n. (Mus.) The sixth tone of the scale; the under mediant, or third below the keynote; the superdominant.

Submental
Sub•men´tal, a. (Anat.) Situated under the chin; as the submental artery.

Submentum
Sub•men´tum, n. ; pl. Submenta (#). [NL. See Sub-, and Mentum.] (Zoöl.) The basal part of the labium of insects. It bears the mentum.

Submergence
Sub•mer´gence, n. [From L. submergens, p. pr.] The act of submerging, or the state of being submerged; submersion.

Submerse
Sub•merse´, a. (Bot.) Submersed.

Submersed
Sub•mersed´, a. [L. submersus, p. p. of submergere. See Submerge.] Being or growing under water, as the leaves of aquatic plants.

Submetallic
Sub•me•tal´lic, a. Imperfectly metallic; as a submetallic luster.

Subminister
Sub•min´is•ter, v. t. [L. subministrare, subministratum. See Sub-, and Ministre, v. t.] To supply; to afford. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Subminister
Sub•min´is•ter, v. i. To be subservient; to be useful. [Obs.] "Our passions … subminister to the best and worst purposes." L’EStrange.

Subministrant
Sub•min´is•trant, a. [L. subministrans, p. pr.] Subordinate; subservient. [Obs.] Bacon.

Subministrate
Sub•min´is•trate, v. t. [See Subminister.] To supply; to afford; to subminister. [Obs.] Harvey.

Submiss
Sub•miss´, a. [L. submissus, p. p. of submittere to let down, to lower. See Submit.]
1. Submissive; humble; obsequious. [Archaic] "Soft Silence and submiss Obedience." Spenser. "Stooping and submiss." R. L. Stevenson.
2. Gentle; soft; calm; as submiss voices. [R.]

Submissive
Sub•mis´sive, a.
1. Inclined or ready to submit; acknowledging one’s inferiority; yielding; obedient; humble.
"Not at his feet submissive in distress, Creature so fair his reconcilement seeking." Milton.
2. Showing a readiness to submit; expressing submission; as a submissive demeanor.
"With a submissive step I hasted down." Prior.
Syn. — Obedient; compliant; yielding; obsequious; subservient; humble; modest; passive. — Sub•mis´sive•ly, adv. — Sub•mis´sive•ness, n.

Submissly
Sub•miss´ly, adv. In a submissive manner; with a submission. [Archaic] Jer. Taylor.

Submissness
Sub•miss´ness, n. Submissiveness. [Obs.]

Submit
Sub•mit´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Submitted p. pr. & vb. n. Submitting.] [L. submittere; sub under + mittere to send: cf. F. soumettre. See Missile.]
1. To let down; to lower. [Obs.]
"Sometimes the hill submits itself a while." Dryden.
2. To put or place under.
"The bristled throat Of the submitted sacrifice with ruthless steel he cut." Chapman.
3. To yield, resign, or surrender to power, will, or authority; — often with the reflexive pronoun.
"Ye ben submitted through your free assent." Chaucer.
"The angel of the Lord said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hands." Gen. xvi. 9.
"Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands." Eph. v. 22.
4. To leave or commit to the discretion or judgment of another or others; to refer; as to submit a controversy to arbitrators; to submit a question to the court; — often followed by a dependent proposition as the object.
"Whether the condition of the clergy be able to bear a heavy burden, is submitted to the house." Swift.
"We submit that a wooden spoon of our day would not be justified in calling Galileo and Napier blockheads because they never heard of the differential calculus." Macaulay.

Submit
Sub•mit´, v. i.
1. To yield one’s person to the power of another; to give up resistance; to surrender.
"The revolted provinces presently submitted." C. Middleton.
2. To yield one’s opinion to the opinion of authority of another; to be subject; to acquiesce.
"To thy husband’s will Thine shall submit." Milton.
3. To be submissive or resigned; to yield without murmuring.
"Our religion requires from us … to submit to pain, disgrace, and even death." Rogers.

Submitter
Sub•mit´ter, n. One who submits. Whitlock.

Submonish
Sub•mon´ish, v. t. [L. submonere. See Summon, and -ish.] To suggest; to prompt. [R.] "The submonishing inclinations of my senses." T. Granger.

Submucous
Sub•mu´cous, a. (Anat.) Situated under a mucous membrane.

Submultiple
Sub•mul´ti•ple, n. (Math.) A number or quality which is contained in another an exact number of times, or is an aliquot part of it; thus, 7 is the submultiple of 56, being contained in it eight times.

Submultiple
Sub•mul´ti•ple, a. (Math.) Of or pertaining to a submultiple; being a submultiple; as a submultiple number; submultiple ratio.

Submuscular
Sub•mus´cu•lar, a. Situated underneath a muscle or muscles.

Subnarcotic
Sub•nar•cot´ic, a. (Med.) Moderately narcotic.

Subnasal
Sub•na´sal, a. (Anat.) Situated under the nose; as the subnasal point, or the middle point of the inferior border of the anterior nasal aperture.

Subnascent
Sub•nas´cent, a. [L. subnascens, p. pr. of subnasci to grow under; sub under + nasci to be born.] Growing underneath. [R.] Evelyn.

Subnect
Sub•nect´, v. t. [L. subnectere, subnextum; sub under + nectere to tie.] To tie or fasten beneath; to join beneath. [R.] Pope.

Subnex
Sub•nex´, v. t. [See Subnect.] To subjoin; to subnect. [Obs.] Holland.

Subnotation
Sub•no•ta´tion, n. [L. subnotatio a signing underneath, fr. subnotare to subscribe; sub under + notare to note or mark.] A rescript. Bouvier.

Subnotochordal
Sub•no•to•chor´dal, a. (Anat.) Situated on the ventral side of the notochord; as the subnotochordal rod.

Subnuvolar
Sub•nu´vo•lar, a. [Pref. sub + It. nuvola cloud: cf. L. subnubilus somewhat cloudy.] Under the clouds; attended or partly covered or obscured by clouds; somewhat cloudy. [R. & Poetic]
"Subnuvolar lights of evening sharply slant." Milnes.

Subobscurely
Sub•ob•scure´ly, adv. Somewhat obscurely or darkly. [R.] Donne.

Subobtuse
Sub•ob•tuse´, a. Partially obtuse.

Suboccipital
Sub•oc•cip´i•tal, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or posterior to, the occiput; as the suboccipital, or first cervical, nerve. { Sub•oc´tave, Sub•oc´tu•ple } a. Containing one part of eight; having the ratio of one to eight. Bp. Wilkins.

Subocular
Sub•oc´u•lar, a. [Pref. sub + ocular: cf. L. subocularis.] (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the eye.

Subofficer
Sub•of´fi•cer, n. [Pref. sub + officer: cf. F. sous-officer.] An under or subordinate officer.

Subopercular
Sub•o•per´cu•lar, a. (Anat.) Situated below the operculum; pertaining to the suboperculum. — n. The suboperculum.

Suboperculum
Sub•o•per´cu•lum, n. [NL. See Sub-, Operculum.] (Anat.) The lower opercular bone in fishes. { Sub•or•bic´u•lar, Sub•or•bic´u•late } a. Almost orbiculate or orbicular. { Sub•or´bit•al, Sub•or´bit•ar } a. (Anat.) Situated under or below the orbit.

Subordinacy
Sub•or´di•na•cy, n. [See Subordinate.] The quality or state of being subordinate, or subject to control; subordination, as to bring the imagination to act in subordinacy to reason. Spectator. { Sub•or´di•nance, Sub•or´di•nan•cy }, n. [Pref. sub + L. ordinans, p. pr. of ordinare. See Subordinate, a. ] Subordinacy; subordination. [Obs.] Dr. H. More. Sir W. Temple.

Subordinative
Sub•or´di•na•tive, a. Tending to subordinate; expressing subordination; used to introduce a subordinate sentence; as a subordinative conjunction.

Suborn
Sub•orn´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Suborned p. pr. & vb. n. Suborning.] [F. suborner, L. subornare; sub under, secretly + ornare to furnish, provide, equip, adorn. See Ornament.]
1. (Law) To procure or cause to take a false oath amounting to perjury, such oath being actually taken. Sir W. O. Russell.
2. To procure privately, or by collusion; to procure by indirect means; to incite secretly; to instigate.
"Thou art suborned against his honor." Shak.
"Those who by despair suborn their death." Dryden.

Suborner
Sub•orn´er, n. One who suborns or procures another to take, a false oath; one who procures another to do a bad action.

Suboval
Sub•o´val, a. Somewhat oval; nearly oval.

Subovate
Sub•o´vate, a. Nearly in the form of an egg, or of the section of an egg, but having the inferior extremity broadest; nearly ovate.

Subovated
Sub•o´va•ted, a. Subovate. [R.]

Suboxide
Sub•ox´ide, n. (Chem.) An oxide containing a relatively small amount of oxygen, and less than the normal proportion; as potassium suboxide, K₄O.

Subpeduncular
Sub•pe•dun´cu•lar, a. (Anat.) Situated beneath the peduncle; as the subpeduncular lobe of the cerebellum.

Subpedunculate
Sub•pe•dun´cu•late, a. (Bot. & Zoöl.) Supported on, or growing from, a very short stem; having a short peduncle.

Subpellucid
Sub•pel•lu´cid, a. Somewhat pellucid; nearly pellucid.

Subpena
Sub•pe´na, n. & v. t. See Subpœna.

Subpericardial
Sub•per•i•car´di•al, a. (Anat.) Situated under the cardiac pericardium.

Subperiosteal
Sub•per•i•os´te•al, a. (Anat.) Situated under the periosteum. Subperiosteal operation (Surg.), a removal of bone effected without taking away the periosteum.

Subperitoneal
Sub•per•i•to´ne•al, a. (Anat.) Situated under the peritoneal membrane.

Subpetiolar
Sub•pet´i•o•lar, a. (Bot.) Concealed within the base of the petiole, as the leaf buds of the plane tree.

Subpleural
Sub•pleu´ral, a. (Anat.) Situated under the pleural membrane.

Subpodophyllous
Sub•pod•o•phyl´lous, a. (Anat.) Situated under the podophyllous tissue of the horse’s foot.

Subpœna
Sub•pœ"na, n. [NL., fr. L. sub under + poena punishment. See Pain.] (Law) A writ commanding the attendance in court, as a witness, of the person on whom it is served, under a penalty; the process by which a defendant in equity is commanded to appear and answer the plaintiff’s bill. [Written also subpena.] Subpœna ad testificandum . [NL.] A writ used to procure the attendance of a witness for the purpose of testifying. — Subpœna duces tecum . [NL.] A writ which requires a witness to attend and bring certain documents.

Subpœna
Sub•pœ"na, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subpœnaed p. pr. & vb. n. Subpœnaing.] (Law) To serve with a writ of subpœna; to command attendance in court by a legal writ, under a penalty in case of disobedience.

Subpolar
Sub•po´lar, a. Situated below the poles.

Subpolygonal
Sub•po•lyg´o•nal, a. Approximately polygonal; somewhat or almost polygonal.

Subprehensile
Sub•pre•hen´sile, a. Somewhat prehensile; prehensile in an inferior degree.

Subprior
Sub•pri´or, n. [Pref. sub + prior: cf. F. sous-prieur.] (Eccl.) The vicegerent of a prior; a claustral officer who assists the prior.

Subpubic
Sub•pu´bic, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or posterior to, the pubic bones.

Subpulmonary
Sub•pul´mo•na•ry, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lungs.

Subpurchaser
Sub•pur´chas•er, n. A purchaser who buys from a purchaser; one who buys at second hand.

Subpyriform
Sub•pyr´i•form, a. Somewhat pyriform.

Subquadrate
Sub•quad´rate, a. Nearly or approximately square; almost square.

Subquadruple
Sub•quad´ru•ple, a. Containing one part of four; in the ratio of one to four; as subquadruple proportion. Bp. Wilkins.

Subquinquefid
Sub•quin´que•fid, a. Almost quinquefid; nearly quinquefid.

Subquintuple
Sub•quin´tu•ple, a. Having the ratio of one to five; as subquintuple proportion. Bp. Wilkins.

Subreader
Sub•read´er, n. (Law) An under reader in the inns of court, who reads the texts of law the reader is to discourse upon. [Eng.] Crabb.

Subrector
Sub•rec´tor, n. An assistant restor. [Eng.]

Subreligion
Sub•re•li´gion, n. A secondary religion; a belief or principle held in a quasi religious veneration.
"Loyalty is in the English a subreligion." Emerson.

Subreption
Sub•rep´tion, n. [L. subreptio, fr. subripere, subreptum, to snatch or take away secretly: cf. F. subreption. See Surreptitious.] The act of obtaining a favor by surprise, or by unfair representation through suppression or fraudulent concealment of facts. Bp. Hall.

Subrigid
Sub•rig´id, a. Somewhat rigid or stiff.

Subriguous
Sub•rig´u•ous, a. [L. subriguus; sub under + riguus watered, akin to rigare to water.] Watered or wet beneath; well- watered. [Obs.] Blount.

Subrogate
Sub´ro•gate, v. t. [L. subrogatus, p. p. of subrogare. See Surrogate.] To put in the place of another; to substitute. Barrow.

Subrotund
Sub•ro•tund´, a. Somewhat rotund.

Subsacral
Sub•sa´cral, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the sacrum.

Subsaline
Sub•sa•line´, a. Moderately saline or salt.

Subsalt
Sub´salt, n. (Chem.) A basic salt. See the Note under Salt.

Subscribable
Sub•scrib´a•ble, a. Capable of being subscribed. [R.]

Subscribe
Sub•scribe´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subscribed p. pr. & vb. n. Subscribing.] [L. subscribere, subscriptum; sub under + scribere to write: cf. F. souscrire. See Scribe.]
1. To write underneath, as one’s name; to sign (one’s name) to a document.
"[They] subscribed their names under them." Sir T. More.
2. To sign with one’s own hand; to give consent to, as something written, or to bind one’s self to the terms of, by writing one’s name beneath; as parties subscribe a covenant or contract; a man subscribes a bond.
"All the bishops subscribed the sentence." Milman.
3. To attest by writing one’s name beneath; as officers subscribe their official acts, and secretaries and clerks subscribe copies or records.
4. To promise to give, by writing one’s name with the amount; as each man subscribed ten dollars.
5. To sign away; to yield; to surrender. [Obs.] Shak.
6. To declare over one’s signature; to publish. [Obs.]
"Either or must shortly hear from him, or I will subscribe him a coward." Shak.

Subscribe
Sub•scribe´, v. i.
1. To sign one’s name to a letter or other document. Shak.
2. To give consent to something written, by signing one’s name; hence, to assent; to agree.
"So spake, so wished, much humbled Eve; but Fate Subscribed not." Milton.
3. To become surely; — with for. [R.] Shak.
4. To yield; to admit one’s self to be inferior or in the wrong. [Obs.]
"I will subscribe, and say I wronged the duke." Shak.
5. To set one’s name to a paper in token of promise to give a certain sum.
6. To enter one’s name for a newspaper, a book, etc.

Subscriber
Sub•scrib´er, n.
1. One who subscribes; one who contributes to an undertaking by subscribing.
2. One who enters his name for a paper, book, map, or the like. Dryden.

Subscript
Sub´script, a. [L. subscriptus, p. p. See Subscribe.] Written below or underneath; as iota subscript. (See under Iota.) Specifically (Math.), said of marks, figures, or letters (suffixes), written below and usually to the right of other letters to distinguish them; as a, n, 2, in the symbols Xa, An, Y2. See Suffix, n. , 2, and Subindex.

Subscript
Sub´script, n. Anything written below. Bentley.

Subscription
Sub•scrip´tion, n. [L. subscriptio: cf. F. souscription.]
1. The act of subscribing.
2. That which is subscribed. Specifically: (a) A paper to which a signature is attached. (b) The signature attached to a paper. (c) Consent or attestation by underwriting the name. (d) Sum subscribed; amount of sums subscribed; as an individual subscription to a fund.
3. (Eccl.) The acceptance of articles, or other tests tending to promote uniformity; esp. (Ch. of Eng.), formal assent to the Thirty-nine Articles and the Book of Common Prayer, required before ordination.
4. Submission; obedience. [Obs.]
"You owe me no subscription." Shak.
5. (Pharm.) That part of a prescription which contains the direction to the apothecary.

Subscriptive
Sub•scrip´tive, a. Of or pertaining to a subscription, or signature. "The subscriptive part." Richardson. — Sub•scrip´tive•ly, adv.

Subsecute
Sub´se•cute, v. t. [L. subsecutus, p. p. of subsequi. See Subsequent.] To follow closely, or so as to overtake; to pursue. [Obs.]
"To follow and detain him, if by any possibility he could be subsecuted and overtaken." E. Hall.

Subsellium
Sub•sel´li•um, n. ; pl. Subsellia (#). [L.] (Eccl. Arch.) One of the stalls of the lower range where there are two ranges. See Illust. of Stall.

Subsensible
Sub•sen´si•ble, a. Deeper than the reach of the senses. "That subsensible world." Tyndall.

Subseptuple
Sub•sep´tu•ple, a. Having the ratio of one to seven. Bp. Wilkins. { Sub´se•quence, Sub´se•quen•cy } n. The act or state of following; — opposed to precedence.

Subsequent
Sub´se•quent, a. [L. subsequens, -entis, p. pr. of subsequi to follow, succeed: cf. F. subsequent. See Sue to follow.]
1. Following in time; coming or being after something else at any time, indefinitely; as subsequent events; subsequent ages or years; a period long subsequent to the foundation of Rome.
2. Following in order of place; succeeding; as a subsequent clause in a treaty. "The subsequent words come on before the precedent vanish." Bacon.

Subserous
Sub•se´rous, a. (Anat.) Situated under a serous membrane.

Subserve
Sub•serve´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subserved p. pr. & vb. n. Subserving.] [L. subservire; sub under + servire to serve. See Serve.] To serve in subordination or instrumentally; to be subservient to; to help forward; to promote.
"It is a great credit to know the ways of captivating Nature, and making her subserve our purposes, than to have learned all the intrigues of policy." Glanvill.

Subserve
Sub•serve´, v. i. To be subservient or subordinate; to serve in an inferior capacity.
"Not made to rule, But to subserve where wisdom bears command." Milton. { Sub•serv´i•ence, Sub•serv´i•en•cy }, n. The quality or state of being subservient; instrumental fitness or use; hence, willingness to serve another’s purposes; in a derogatory sense, servility.
"The body wherein appears much fitness, use, and subserviency to infinite functions." Bentley.
"There is a regular subordination and subserviency among all the parts to beneficial ends." Cheyne.

Subservient
Sub•serv´i•ent, a. [L. subserviens, -entis, p. pr. See Subserve.] Fitted or disposed to subserve; useful in an inferior capacity; serving to promote some end; subordinate; hence, servile, truckling.
"Scarce ever reading anything which he did not make subservient in one kind or other." Bp. Fell.
"These ranks of creatures are subservient one to another." Ray.
"Their temporal ambition was wholly subservient to their proselytizing spirit." Burke.

Subsesqui-
Sub•ses´qui- [Pref. sub- + sesqui-.] (Chem.) A prefix (also used adjectively) denoting the combination of constituents (especially electro-negative and electro- positive bodies) in the proportion of two to three; as a subsesqui acetate, i. e., a salt having two equivalents of acetic acid to three of the base.

Subsextuple
Sub•sex´tu•ple, a. Having the ratio of one to six; as a subsextuple proportion. Bp. Wilkins.

Subside
Sub•side´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Subsided; p. pr. & vb. n. Subsiding.] [L. subsidere; sub under, below + sidere to sit down, to settle; akin to sedere to sit, E. sit. See Sit.]
1. To sink or fall to the bottom; to settle, as lees.
2. To tend downward; to become lower; to descend; to sink. "Heaven’s subsiding hill." Dryden.
3. To fall into a state of quiet; to cease to rage; to be calmed; to settle down; to become tranquil; to abate; as the sea subsides; the tumults of war will subside; the fever has subsided. "In cases of danger, pride and envy naturally subside." C. Middleton.
Syn. — See Abate. { Sub•sid´ence, Sub•sid´en•cy } n. [L. subsidens, -entis, p. pr. of subsidere. See Subside.] The act or process of subsiding.
"The subdual or subsidence of the more violent passions." Bp. Warburton.

Subsidiary
Sub•sid´i•a•ry, a. [L. subsidiarius: cf. F. subsidiaire. See Subsidy.]
1. Furnishing aid; assisting; auxiliary; helping; tributary; especially, aiding in an inferior position or capacity; as a subsidiary stream.
"Chief ruler and principal head everywhere, not suffragant and subsidiary." Florio.
"They constituted a useful subsidiary testimony of another state of existence." Coleridge.
2. Of or pertaining to a subsidy; constituting a subsidy; being a part of, or of the nature of, a subsidy; as subsidiary payments to an ally.
"George the Second relied on his subsidiary treaties." Ld. Mahon.

Subsidiary
Sub•sid´i•a•ry, n. ; pl. Subsidiaries . One who, or that which, contributes aid or additional supplies; an assistant; an auxiliary. Hammond.

Subsidize
Sub´si•dize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subsidized p. pr. & vb. n. Subsidizing ] [From Subsidy.] To furnish with a subsidy; to purchase the assistance of by the payment of a subsidy; to aid or promote, as a private enterprise, with public money; as to subsidize a steamship line.
"He employed the remittances from Spain to subsidize a large body of German mercenaries." Prescott.

Subsilicate
Sub•sil´i•cate, n. A basic silicate.

Subsist
Sub•sist´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Subsisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Subsisting.] [L. subsistere to stand still, stay, remain alive; sub under + sistere to stand, to cause to stand, from stare to stand: cf. F. subsister. See Stand.]
1. To be; to have existence; to inhere.
"And makes what happiness we justly call, Subsist not in the good of one, but all." Pope.
2. To continue; to retain a certain state.
"Firm we subsist, yet possible to swerve." Milton.
3. To be maintained with food and clothing; to be supported; to live. Milton.
"To subsist on other men’s charity." Atterbury.

Subsist
Sub•sist´, v. t. To support with provisions; to feed; to maintain; as to subsist one’s family.
"He laid waste the adjacent country in order to render it more difficult for the enemy to subsist their army." Robertson.

Subsistence
Sub•sist´ence, n. [Cf. F. subsistance, L. subsistentia.]
1. Real being; existence.
"Not only the things had subsistence, but the very images were of some creatures existing." Stillingfleet.
2. Inherency; as the subsistence of qualities in bodies.
3. That which furnishes support to animal life; means of support; provisions, or that which produces provisions; livelihood; as a meager subsistence.
"His viceroy could only propose to himself a comfortable subsistence out of the plunder of his province." Addison.
4. (Theol.) Same as Hypostasis, 2. Hooker.

Subsistency
Sub•sist´en•cy, n. Subsistence. [R.]

Subsistent
Sub•sist´ent, a. [L. subsistens, p. pr. See Subsist.]
1. Having real being; as a subsistent spirit.
2. Inherent; as qualities subsistent in matter.

Subsoil
Sub´soil, n. The bed, or stratum, of earth which lies immediately beneath the surface soil. Subsoil plow, a plow having a share and standard but no moldboard. It follows in the furrow made by an ordinary plow, and loosens the soil to an additional depth without bringing it to the surface. Knight.

Subsoil
Sub´soil, v. t. To turn up the subsoil of.

Subsolary
Sub•so´la•ry, a. Being under the sun; hence, terrestrial; earthly; mundane. [R.]

Subspecies
Sub•spe´cies, n. A group somewhat lessdistinct than speciesusually are, but based on characters more important than those which characterize ordinary varieties; often, a geographical variety or race.

Subsphenoidal
Sub•sphe•noid´al, a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the body of the sphenoid bone.

Subspherical
Sub•spher´ic•al, a. Nearly spherical; having a figure resembling that of a sphere.

Subspinous
Sub•spi´nous, a. (a) (Anat.) Subvertebral. (b) (Med.) Situated beneath a spinous process, as that of the scapula; as subspinous dislocation of the humerus.

Substance
Sub´stance, n. [F., fr. L. substantia, fr. substare to be under or present, to stand firm; sub under + stare to stand. See Stand.]
1. That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing essence.
"These cooks, how they stamp, and strain, and grind, And turn substance into accident!" Chaucer.
"Heroic virtue did his actions guide, And he the substance, not the appearance, chose." Dryden.
2. The most important element in any existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything; the main part; essential import; purport.
"This edition is the same in substance with the Latin." Bp. Burnet.
"It is insolent in words, in manner; but in substance it is not only insulting, but alarming." Burke.
3. Body; matter; material of which a thing is made; hence, substantiality; solidity; firmness; as the substance of which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have little substance.
4. Material possessions; estate; property; resources.
"And there wasted his substance with riotous living." Luke xv. 13.
"Thy substance, valued at the highest rate, Can not amount unto a hundred marks." Shak.
"We are destroying many thousand lives, and exhausting our substance, but not for our own interest." Swift.
5. (Theol.) Same as Hypostasis, 2.

Substance
Sub´stance, v. t. To furnish or endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich. [Obs.]

Substanceless
Sub´stance•less, a. Having no substance; unsubstantial. [R.] Coleridge.

Substant
Sub´stant, a. [L. substans, -antis, p. pr. of substare to be firm.] Substantial; firm. [R.] "[The glacier’s] substant ice." The Century.

Substantial
Sub•stan´tial, a. [F. substantiel, L. substantialis.]
1. Belonging to substance; actually existing; real; as substantial life. Milton.
"If this atheist would have his chance to be real and substantial agent, he is more stupid than the vulgar." Bentley.
2. Not seeming or imaginary; not illusive; real; solid; true; veritable.
"If happinessbe a substantial good." Denham.
"The substantial ornaments of virtue." L’Estrange.
3. Corporeal; material; firm. "Most ponderous and substantial things." Shak.
"The rainbow [appears to be] a large substantial arch." I. Watts.
4. Having good substance; strong; stout; solid; firm; as substantial cloth; a substantial fence or wall.
5. Possessed of goods or an estate; moderately wealthy; responsible; as a substantial freeholder. "Substantial yeomen and burghers." Sir W. Scott.

Substantiality
Sub•stan•ti•al´i•ty, n. The quality or state of being substantial; corporiety; materiality.
"The soul is a stranger to such gross substantiality." Glanvill.

Substantialize
Sub•stan´tial•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Substantialized p. pr. & vb. n. Substantializing ] To make substantial.

Substantialness
Sub•stan´tial•ness, n. The quality or state of being substantial; as the substantialness of a wall or column.

Substantials
Sub•stan´tials, n. pl. Essential parts. Ayliffe.

Substantiate
Sub•stan´ti•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Substantiated p. pr. & vb. n. Substantiating.]
1. To make to exist; to make real. Ayliffe.
2. To establish the existence or truth of by proof or competent evidence; to verify; as to substantiate a charge or allegation; to substantiate a declaration.
"Observation is, in turn, wanted to direct and substantiate the course of experiment." Coleridge.

Substantival
Sub•stan•ti´val, a. Of or pertaining to a substantive; of the nature of substantive. — Sub•stan•ti´val•ly, adv.

Substantive
Sub´stan•tive, a. [L. substantivus: cf. F. substantif.]
1. Betokening or expressing existence; as the substantive verb, that is, the verb to be.
2. Depending on itself; independent.
"He considered how sufficient and substantive this land was to maintain itself without any aid of the foreigner." Bacon.
3. Enduring; solid; firm; substantial.
"Strength and magnitude are qualities which impress the imagination in a powerful and substantive manner." Hazlitt.
4. Pertaining to, or constituting, the essential part or principles; as the law substantive. Noun substantive (Gram.), a noun which designates an object, material or immaterial; a substantive. — Substantive color, one which communicates its color without the aid of a mordant or base; — opposed to adjective color.

Substantive
Sub´stan•tive, n. [Cf. F. substantif.] (Gram.) A noun or name; the part of speech which designates something that exists, or some object of thought, either material or immaterial; as the words man, horse, city, goodness, excellence, are substantives.

Substantive
Sub´stan•tive, v. t. To substantivize. [R.] Cudworth.

Substantively
Sub´stan•tive•ly, adv.
1. In a substantive manner; in substance; essentially.
2. (Gram.) As a substantive, name, or noun; as an adjective may be used substantively.

Substantiveness
Sub´stan•tive•ness, n. The quality or state of being substantive.

Substantivize
Sub´stan•tiv•ize, v. t. To convert into a substantive; as to substantivize an adjective. Fitzed. Hall.

Substile
Sub´stile, n. (Dialing) See Substyle.

Substitution
Sub•sti•tu´tion, n. [L. substitutio: cf. F. substitution.]
1. The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the place of another; as the substitution of an agent, attorney, or representative to act for one in his absense; the substitution of bank notes for gold and silver as a circulating medium.
2. The state of being substituted for another.
3. The office or authority of one acting for another; delegated authority. [R.] Shak.
4. (Civil Law) The designation of a person in a will to take a devise or legacy, either on failure of a former devisee or legatee by incapacity or unwillingness to accept, or after him. Burrill.
5. (Theol.) The doctrine that Christ suffered vicariously, being substituted for the sinner, and that his sufferings were expiatory.
6. (Chem.) The act or process of substituting an atom or radical for another atom or radical; metathesis; also the state of being so substituted. See Metathesis.

Substitutionary
Sub•sti•tu´tion•a•ry, a. Of or pertaining to substitution; substitutional.

Substitutive
Sub´sti•tu•tive, a. [Cf. F. substitutif, L. substitutivus conditional.] Tending to afford or furnish a substitute; making substitution; capable of being substituted. Bp. Wilkins.

Substract
Sub•stract´, v. t. [F. suostraire; L. subtus below (from sub under) + trahere to draw. See Substract.] To subtract; to withdraw. [Obs.] Barrow.

Substrate
Sub´strate, n. A substratum. [R.]

Substrate
Sub´strate, a. Having very slight furrows. [R.]

Substrate
Sub•strate´, v. t. [L. substratus, p. p. of substrahere. See Substratum.] To strew or lay under anything. [Obs.]
"The melted glass being supported by the substrated sand." Boyle.

Substructure
Sub•struc´ture, n. [Pref. sub- + structure.]
1. (Arch.) Same as Substruction.
2. An under structure; a foundation; groundwork.

Substyle
Sub´style, n. (Dialing) A right line on which the style, or gnomon, of a dial is erected; being the common section of the face of the dial and a plane perpendicular to it passing through the style. [Written also substile.] Hutton.

Subsulphate
Sub•sul´phate, n. (Chem.) A sulphate with an excess of the base.

Subsulphide
Sub•sul´phide, n. (Chem.) A nonacid compound consisting of one equivalent of sulphur and more than one equivalent of some other body, as a metal.

Subsultive
Sub•sul´tive, a. Subsultory. [R.] Berkley.

Subsultory
Sub•sul´to•ry, a. [L. subsilire, subsultum, to spring up; sub under + salire to leap.] Bounding; leaping; moving by sudden leaps or starts. [R.] — Sub•sul´to•ri•ly, adv. [R.]
"Flippancy opposed to solemnity, the subsultory to the continuous, — these are the two frequent extremities to which the French manner betrays men." De Quincey.

Subsultus
Sub•sul´tus, n. [NL. See Subsultory.] (Med.) A starting, twitching, or convulsive motion.

Subsume
Sub•sume´, v. t. [Pref. sub- + L. sumere to take.] To take up into or under, as individual under species, species under genus, or particular under universal; to place (any one cognition) under another as belonging to it; to include under something else.
"To subsume one proposition under another." De Quincey.
"A principle under which one might subsume men’s most strenuous efforts after righteousness." W. Pater.

Subsumption
Sub•sump´tion, n.
1. The act of subsuming, or of including under another.
"The first act of consciousness was a subsumption of that of which we were conscious under this notion." Sir W. Hamilton.
2. That which is subsumed, as the minor clause or premise of a syllogism.
"But whether you see cause to go against the rule, or the subsumption under the rule." De Quincey.

Subsumptive
Sub•sump´tive, a. Relating to, or containing, a subsumption. Coleridge.

Subtangent
Sub•tan´gent, n. (Geom.) The part of the axis contained between the ordinate and tangent drawn to the same point in a curve.

Subtartarean
Sub•tar•ta´re•an, a. Being or living under Tartarus; infernal. "Subtartarean powers." Pope.

Subtectacle
Sub•tec´ta•cle, n. [Pref. sub- + L. tectum a roof.] A space under a roof; a tabernacle; a dwelling. [Obs.] Davies (Holy Roode).

Subtegulaneous
Sub•teg•u•la´ne•ous, a. [L. subtegulaneus; sub under + tegulare tiles for a roof.] Under the roof or eaves; within doors. [R.]

Subtenant
Sub•ten´ant, n. (Law) One who rents a tenement, or land, etc., of one who is also a tenant; an undertenant.

Subtend
Sub•tend´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subtended; p. pr. & vb. n. Subtending.] [L. subtendere; sub under + tendere to stretch, extend. See Tend.] To extend under, or be opposed to; as the line of a triangle which subtends the right angle; the chord subtends an arc.

Subterete
Sub•te•rete´, a. Somewhat terete. { Sub•ter´flu•ent, Sub•ter´flu•ous } a. [L. subterfluens, p. pr. of subterfluere to flow beneath; subter under + fluere to flow.] Running under or beneath. [R.]

Subterfuge
Sub´ter•fuge, n. [F., from LL. subterfugium, fr. L. subterfugere to flee secretly, to escape; subter under + fugere to flee. See Fugitive.] That to which one resorts for escape or concealment; an artifice employed to escape censure or the force of an argument, or to justify opinions or conduct; a shift; an evasion.
"Affect not little shifts and subterfuges, to avoid the force of an argument." I. Watts.
"By a miserable subterfuge, they hope to render this position safe by rendering it nugatory." Burke.

Subterrany
Sub´ter•ra•ny, a. Subterranean. [Obs.] Bacon. — n. A subterranean place. [Obs.]

Subterrene
Sub•ter•rene´, a. [L. subterrenus, equiv. to subterraneus.] Subterraneous. [Obs.]

Subterrestrial
Sub•ter•res´tri•al, a. Subterranean.

Subthalamic
Sub•tha•lam´ic, a. (Anat.) Situated under the optic thalamus.

Subtile
Sub´tile, a. [L. subtilis. See Subtile.]
1. Thin; not dense or gross; rare; as subtile air; subtile vapor; a subtile medium.
2. Delicately constituted or constructed; nice; fine; delicate; tenuous; finely woven. "A sotil [subtile] twine’s thread." Chaucer.
"More subtile web Arachne can not spin." Spenser.
"I do distinguish plain Each subtile line of her immortal face." Sir J. Davies.
3. Acute; piercing; searching.
"The slow disease and subtile pain." Prior.
5. Characterized by nicety of discrimination; discerning; delicate; refined; subtle. [In this sense now commonly written subtle.]
"The genius of the Spanish people is exquisitely subtile, without being at all acute; hence there is so much humor and so little wit in their literature. The genius of the Italians, on the contrary, is acute, profound, and sensual, but not subtile; hence what they think to be humorous, is merely witty." Coleridge.
"The subtile influence of an intellect like Emerson’s." Hawthorne.
5. Sly; artful; cunning; crafty; subtle; as a subtile person; a subtile adversary; a subtile scheme. [In this sense now commonly written subtle.]
Syn. — Subtile, Acute. In acute the image is that of a needle’s point; in subtile that of a thread spun out to fineness. The acute intellect pierces to its aim; the subtile (or subtle) intellect winds its way through obstacles. — Sub´tile•ly, adv. — Sub´tile•ness, n.

Subtilism
Sub´til•ism, n. The quality or state of being subtile; subtility; subtlety.
"The high orthodox subtilism of Duns Scotus." Milman.

Subtility
Sub•til´i•ty, n. [L. subtilitas: cf. F. subtilite. See Subtle.] Subtilty. [R.]

Subtilize
Sub´til•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subtilized p. pr. & vb. n. Subtilizing ] [L. subtiliser.]
1. To make thin or fine; to make less gross or coarse.
2. To refine; to spin into niceties; as to subtilize arguments.
"Nor as yet have we subtilized ourselves into savages." Burke.

Subtilize
Sub´til•ize, v. i. To refine in argument; to make very nice distinctions. Milner.

Subtilizer
Sub´til•i•zer, n. One who subtilizes.

Subtilty
Sub´til•ty, n. [Contr. fr. subtility.]
1. The quality or state of being subtile; thinness; fineness; as the subtility of air or light.
2. Refinement; extreme acuteness; subtlety.
"Intelligible discourses are spoiled by too much subtility in nice divisions." Locke.
3. Cunning; skill; craft. [Obs.]
"To learn a lewd man this subtility." Chaucer.
4. Slyness in design; artifice; guile; a cunning design or artifice; a trick; subtlety.
"O full of all subtility and all mischief." Acts xiii. 10. In senses 2, 3, and 4 the word is more commonly written subtlety.

Subtle
Sub´tle, a. [ Compar. Subtler superl. Subtlest ] [OE. sotil, subtil, OF. soutil, later subtil, F. subtil, L. subtilis; probably, originally, woven fine, and fr. sub under + tela a web, fr. texere to weave. See Text, and cf. Subtile.]
1. Sly in design; artful; cunning; insinuating; subtile; — applied to persons; as a subtle foe. "A subtle traitor." Shak.
2. Cunningly devised; crafty; treacherous; as a subtle stratagem.
3. Characterized by refinement and niceness in drawing distinctions; nicely discriminating; — said of persons; as a subtle logician; refined; tenuous; sinuous; insinuating; hence, penetrative or pervasive; — said of the mind; its faculties, or its operations; as a subtle intellect; a subtle imagination; a subtle process of thought; also difficult of apprehension; elusive.
"Things remote from use, obscure and subtle." Milton.
4. Smooth and deceptive. [Obs.]
"Like to a bowl upon a subtle ground [bowling ground]." Shak.
Syn. — Artful; crafty; cunning; shrewd; sly; wily. Subtle is the most comprehensive of these epithets and implies the finest intellectual quality. See Shrewd, and Cunning.

Subtlety
Sub´tle•ty, n. ; pl. Subtleties (#). [OE. sotelte, sutilte, OF. sotillete, L. subtilitas. See Subtle, and cf. Subtility.]
1. The quality or state of being subtle, or sly; cunning; craftiness; artfulness.
"The fox which lives by subtlety." Shak.
2. Nice discernment with delicacy of mental action; nicety of discrimination.
3. Something that is sly, crafty, or delusive.
"Unlearned in the world’s false subtleties." Shak.

Subtonic
Sub•ton´ic, a. (Phonetics) Applied to, or distinguishing, a speech element consisting of tone, or proper vocal sound, not pure as in the vowels, but dimmed and otherwise modified by some kind of obstruction in the oral or the nasal passage, and in some cases with a mixture of breath sound; — a term introduced by Dr. James Rush in 1833. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§155, 199-202.

Subtonic
Sub•ton´ic, n.
1. (Phonetics) A subtonic sound or element; a vocal consonant, as b, d, g, n, etc.; a subvocal.
2. (Mus.) The seventh tone of the scale, or that immediately below the tonic; — called also subsemitone.

Subtorrid
Sub•tor´rid, a. Nearly torrid.

Subtract
Sub•tract´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subtracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Subtracting.] [L. subtractus, p. p. of subtrahere to draw from beneath, withdraw, remove; sub under + trahere to draw. See Trace, v. t., and cf. Substract.] To withdraw, or take away, as a part from the whole; to deduct; as subtract 5 from 9, and the remainder is 4.

Subtraction
Sub•trac´tion, n. [L. subtractio a drawing back. See Subtract, and cf. Substraction.]
1. The act or operation of subtracting or taking away a part.
2. (Math.) The taking of a lesser number or quantity from a greater of the same kind or denomination; an operation for finding the difference between two numbers or quantities.
3. (Law) The withdrawing or withholding from a person of some right to which he is entitled by law. Thus the subtraction of conjugal rights is when either the husband or wife withdraws from the other and lives separate without sufficient reason. The subtraction of a legacy is the withholding or detailing of it from the legatee by the executor. In like manner, the withholding of any service, rent, duty, or custom, is a subtraction, for which the law gives a remedy. Blackstone.

Subtrahend
Sub´tra•hend, n. [L. subtrahendus that is to be subtracted, p.fut.pess. of subtrahere. See Subtract.] (Math.) The sum or number to be subtracted, or taken from another.

Subtransparent
Sub•trans•pa´rent, a. Not perfectly transparent.

Subtreasurer
Sub•treas´ur•er, n. The public officer who has charge of a subtreasury. [U. S.]

Subtreasury
Sub•treas´ur•y, n. ; pl. Subtreasuries . A subordinate treasury, or place of deposit; as the United States subtreasury at New York. [U. S.]

Subtriangular
Sub•tri•an´gu•lar, a. Nearly, but not perfectly, triangular. Darwin.

Subtribe
Sub´tribe, n. (Bot. & Zoöl.) A division of a tribe; a group of genera of a little lower rank than a tribe.

Subtrihedral
Sub•tri•he´dral, a. Approaching the form of a three-sided pyramid; as the subtrihedral crown of a tooth. Owen.

Subtriple
Sub•tri´ple, a. (Math.) Containing a third, or one part to three. Bp. Wilkins.

Subtriplicate
Sub•trip´li•cate, a. (Math.) Expressed by the cube root; — said especially of ratios. Subtriplicate ratio, the ratio of the cube root; thus, the subtriplicate ratio of a to b is &cuberoot; a to &cuberoot; b, or &cuberoot; a/ b.

Subtropical
Sub•trop´ic•al, a. Nearly tropical.

Subtrude
Sub•trude´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subtruded; p. pr. & vb. n. Subtruding.] [Pref. sub- + L. trudere to thrust.] To place under; to insert. [R.]

Subtutor
Sub•tu´tor, n. An under tutor.

Subtypical
Sub•typ´ic•al, a. (Zoöl.) Deviating somewhat from the type of a species, genus, or other group; slightly aberrant. { Su´bu•late, Su´bu•la•ted } a. [NL. subulatus, fr. L. subula an awl.] Very narrow, and tapering gradually to a fine point from a broadish base; awl-shaped; linear.

Subulicornes
Su•bu•li•cor´nes, n. pl. [NL., from L. subula an awl + cornu horn.] (Zoöl.) A division of insects having slender or subulate antennae. The dragon flies and May flies are examples.

Subuliform
Su´bu•li•form, a. Subulate.

Subulipalp
Su´bu•li•palp, n. [L. subula an awl + E. palp.] (Zoöl.) One of a group of carabid beetles having slender palpi.

Subumbonal
Sub•um•bo´nal, a. (Zoöl.) Beneath or forward of the umbos of a bivalve shell.

Subumbrella
Sub•um•brel´la, n. (Zoöl.) The integument of the under surface of the bell, or disk-shaped body, of a jellyfish.

Subundation
Sub•un•da´tion, n. [Pref. sub- + L. unda a wave.] A flood; a deluge. [Obs.] Huloet.

Subungual
Sub•un´gual, a. Under the nail or hoof.

Suburb
Sub´urb, n. [L. suburbium; sub under, below, near + urbs a city. See Urban.]
1. An outlying part of a city or town; a smaller place immediately adjacent to a city; in the plural, the region which is on the confines of any city or large town; as a house stands in the suburbs; a garden situated in the suburbs of Paris. "In the suburbs of a town." Chaucer.
"[London] could hardly have contained less than thirty or forty thousand souls within its walls; and the suburbs were very populous." Hallam.
2. Hence, the confines; the outer part; the environment. "The suburbs … of sorrow." Jer. Taylor.
"The suburb of their straw-built citadel." Milton. Suburb roister, a rowdy; a loafer. [Obs.] Milton.

Suburbed
Sub´urbed, a. Having a suburb or suburbs on its outer part. { Sub•ur´bi•al, Sub•ur´bi•an } a. Suburban. [Obs.] "Suburbial fields." Warton. "Suburbian muse." Dryden. { Sub•ur•bi•ca´ri•an, Sub•ur´bi•ca•ry }, a. [LL. suburbicarius, equiv. to L. suburbanus: cf. F. suburbicaire. See Suburban.] Being in the suburbs; — applied to the six dioceses in the suburbs of Rome subject to the pope as bishop of Rome.
"The pope having stretched his authority beyond the bounds of his suburbicarian precincts." Barrow.

Subvaginal
Sub•vag´i•nal, a. (Anat.) Situated under or inside a sheath or vaginal membrane; as the subvaginal, or subdural, spaces about the optic nerve.

Subvariety
Sub•va•ri´e•ty, n. ; pl. -ties. A subordinate variety, or a division of a variety.

Subvene
Sub•vene´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Subvened p. pr. & vb. n. Subvening.] [Pref. sub- + L. venire to come. See Subvention.] To come under, as a support or stay; to happen.
"A future state must needs subvene to prevent the whole edifice from falling into ruin." Bp. Warburton.

Subvention
Sub•ven´tion, n. [F., fr. LL. subventio, fr. L. subvenire to come up to one’s assistance, to assist. See Souvenir, and cf. Subvene.]
1. The act of coming under. "The subvention of a cloud." Stackhouse.
2. The act of relieving, as of a burden; support; aid; assistance; help.
3. A government aid or bounty.

Subvention
Sub•ven´tion, v. t. To subventionize.

Subventionize
Sub•ven´tion•ize, v. t. To come to the aid of; to subsidize; to support.

Subventitious
Sub•ven•ti´tious, a. Helping; aiding; supporting. Urquhart.

Subverse
Sub•verse´, v. t. [L. subversus, p. p. of subvertere. See Subvert.] To subvert. [Obs.] Spenser.

Subversive
Sub•ver´sive, a. [Cf. F. subversif.] Tending to subvert; having a tendency to overthrow and ruin.
"Lying is a vice subversive of the very ends and design of conversation." Rogers.

Subvert
Sub•vert´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Subverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Subverting.] [L. subvertere, subversum; sub under + vertere to turn: cf. F. subvertir. See Verse.]
1. To overturn from the foundation; to overthrow; to ruin utterly.
"These are his substance, sinews, arms, and strength, With which he yoketh your rebellious necks, Razeth your cities, and subverts your towns." Shak.
"This would subvert the principles of all knowledge." Locke.
2. To pervert, as the mind, and turn it from the truth; to corrupt; to confound. 2 Tim. iii. 14.
Syn. — To overturn; overthrow; destroy; invert; reverse; extinguish.

Subvert
Sub•vert´, v. i. To overthrow anything from the foundation; to be subversive.
"They have a power given to them like that of the evil principle, to subvert and destroy."

Subvertant
Sub•vert´ant, a. (Her.) Reversed. [R.]

Subvertebral
Sub•ver´te•bral, a. (Anat.) Situated beneath, or on the ventral side of, the vertebral column; situated beneath, or inside of, the endoskeleton; hypaxial; hyposkeletal.

Subverter
Sub•vert´er, n. One who, or that which, subverts; an overthrower. Sir T. More.

Subvertible
Sub•vert´i•ble, a. That may be subverted.

Subvitalized
Sub•vi´tal•ized, a. Imperfectly vitalized; having naturally but little vital power or energy.

Subvocal
Sub•vo´cal, a. & n. Same as Subtonic.

Subworker
Sub•work´er, n. A subordinate worker or helper. South.

Subzonal
Sub•zon´al, a. (Anat.) Situated under a zone, or zona; — applied to a membrane between the zona radiata and the umbilical vesicle in the mammal embryo.

Subzygomatic
Sub•zyg•o•mat´ic, a. (Anat.) Situated under the zygoma or zygomatic process.

Succade
Suc´cade, n. [L. succus, sucus, juice: cf. F. succade a sugarbox. Cf. Sucket.]
1. A sweetmeat. [Obs.] Holland.
2. pl. (Com.) Sweetmeats, or preserves in sugar, whether fruit, vegetables, or confections. Blakely. Succade gourd. (Bot.) Same as Vegetable marrow, under Vegetable.

Succedaneous
Suc•ce•da´ne•ous, a. [L. succedaneus. See Succeed.] Pertaining to, or acting as a succedaneum; supplying the place of something else; being, or employed as a substitute for another. Sir T. Browne.

Succeeder
Suc•ceed´er, n. A successor. Shak. Tennyson.

Succeeding
Suc•ceed´ing, n. The act of one who, or that which, succeeds; also that which succeeds, or follows after; consequence. Shak.

Succentor
Suc´cen•tor, n. [LL., an accompanier in singing, fr. succinere to sing, to accompany; sub under, after + canere to sing.] (Eccl.) A subchanter.

Success
Suc•cess´, n. [L. successus: cf. F. succès. See Succeed.]
1. Act of succeeding; succession. [Obs.]
"Then all the sons of these five brethren reigned By due success." Spenser.
2. That which comes after; hence, consequence, issue, or result, of an endeavor or undertaking, whether good or bad; the outcome of effort.
"Men … that are like to do that, that is committed to them, and to report back again faithfully the success." Bacon.
"Perplexed and troubled at his bad success The tempter stood." Milton.
3. The favorable or prosperous termination of anything attempted; the attainment of a proposed object; prosperous issue.
"Dream of success and happy victory!" Shak.
"Or teach with more success her son The vices of the time to shun." Waller.
"Military successes, above all others, elevate the minds of a people." Atterbury.
4. That which meets with, or one who accomplishes, favorable results, as a play or a player. [Colloq.]

Successful
Suc•cess´ful, a. Resulting in success; assuring, or promotive of, success; accomplishing what was proposed; having the desired effect; hence, prosperous; fortunate; happy; as a successful use of medicine; a successful experiment; a successful enterprise.
"Welcome, nephews, from successful wars." Shak.
Syn. — Happy; prosperous; fortunate; auspicious; lucky. See Fortunate. — Suc•cess´ful•ly, adv. — Suc•cess´ful•ness, n.

Successionist
Suc•ces´sion•ist, n. A person who insists on the importance of a regular succession of events, offices, etc.; especially (Eccl.), one who insists that apostolic succession alone is valid.

Successive
Suc•ces´sive, a. [Cf. F. successif. See Succeed.]
1. Following in order or in uninterrupted course; coming after without interruption or interval; following one after another in a line or series; consecutive; as the successive revolution of years; the successive kings of Egypt; successive strokes of a hammer.
"Send the successive ills through ages down." Prior.
2. Having or giving the right of succeeding to an inheritance; inherited by succession; hereditary; as a successive title; a successive empire. [Obs.] Shak. Successive induction. (Math.) See Induction, 5.

Successiveness
Suc•ces´sive•ness, n. The quality or state of being successive.

Successless
Suc•cess´less, a. Having no success.
"Successless all her soft caresses prove." Pope. — Suc•cess´less•ly, adv. — Suc•cess´less•ness, n.

Successor
Suc•ces´sor, n. [OE. successour, OF. successur, successor, F. successeur, L. successor. See Succeed.] One who succeeds or follows; one who takes the place which another has left, and sustains the like part or character; — correlative to predecessor; as the successor of a deceased king. Chaucer.
"A gift to a corporation, either of lands or of chattels, without naming their successors, vests an absolute property in them so lond as the corporation subsists." Blackstone.

Succiferous
Suc•cif´er•ous, a. [L. succus, sucus, juice, sap + -ferous.] Producing or conveying sap.

Succinamate
Suc•cin•am´ate, n. (Chem.) A salt of succinamic acid.

Succinamic
Suc•cin•am´ic, a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide derivative of succinic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, and forming a series of salts.

Succinate
Suc´ci•nate, n. [L. succinum, sucinum, amber, from succus, sucus, juice, sap: cf. F. succinate.] (Chem.) A salt of succinic acid.

Succinct
Suc•cinct´, a. [L. succinctus, p. p. of succingere to gird below or from below, to tuck up; sub + cingere to gird. Cf. Cincture.]
1. Girded or tucked up; bound; drawn tightly together.
"His habit fit for speed succinct." Milton.
2. Compressed into a narrow compass; brief; concise.
"Let all your precepts be succinct and clear." Roscommon.
"The shortest and most succinct model that ever grasped all the needs and necessities of mankind." South.
Syn. — Short; brief; concise; summary; compendious; laconic; terse. — Suc•cinct´ly, adv. — Suc•cinct´ness, n.

Succinous
Suc´ci•nous, a. [From L. succinum amber.] Succinic. [R.]

Succinurate
Suc•cin•u´rate, n. (Chem.) A salt of succinuric acid.

Succinuric
Suc•cin•u´ric, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide, analogous to succinamic acid, which is obtained as a white crystalline substance by heating urea with succinic anhydride. It is known also in its salts.

Succinyl
Suc´cin•yl, n. [ Succinic + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical characteristic of succinic acid and certain of its derivatives.

Succise
Suc•cise´, a. [See Succision.] (Bot.) Appearing as if a part were cut off at the extremity.

Succor
Suc´cor, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Succored p. pr. & vb. n. Succoring.] [OE. socouren, OF. sucurre, soucourre, secorre, F. secourir, L. succurrere, succursum, to run under, run to the aid of, help, succor; sub under + currere to run. See Current.] To run to, or run to support; hence, to help or relieve when in difficulty, want, or distress; to assist and deliver from suffering; to relieve; as to succor a besieged city. [Written also succour.]
"He is able to succor them that are tempted." Heb. ii. 18.
Syn. — To aid; assist; relieve; deliver; help; comfort.

Succor
Suc´cor, n. [OE. socours, sucurs, OF. sucurs, socors, secors, F. secours, L. succursus, fr. L. succurrere. See Succor, v. t.]
1. Aid; help; assistance; esp., assistance that relieves and delivers from difficulty, want, or distress. "We beseech mercy and succor." Chaucer.
"My noble father … Flying for succor to his servant Bannister." Shak.
2. The person or thing that brings relief.
"This mighty succor, which made glad the foe." Dryden.

Succorer
Suc´cor•er, n. One who affords succor; a helper.