Saadh
Sa´adh (sä"ad), n. See Sadh.

Sabaean
Sa•bae´an, a. & n. Same as Sabian.

Sabaoth
Sab´a•oth (sab"a•oth or sa"ba•oth; 277), n. pl. [Heb. tseba’oth, pl. of tsaba’, an army or host, fr. tsaba’, to go forth to war.]
1. Armies; hosts. [Used twice in the English Bible, in the phrase "The Lord of Sabaoth."]
2. Incorrectly, the Sabbath.

Sabbat
Sab´bat, n. [See Sabbath.] In mediaeval demonology, the nocturnal assembly in which demons and sorcerers were thought to celebrate their orgies.

Sabbatarianism
Sab•ba•ta´ri•an•ism, n. The tenets of Sabbatarians. Bp. Ward (1673).

Sabbath
Sab´bath, n. [OE. sabat, sabbat, F. sabbat, L. sabbatum, Gr. sa•bbaton, fr. Heb. shabbath, fr. shabath to rest from labor. Cf. Sabbat.]
1. A season or day of rest; one day in seven appointed for rest or worship, the observance of which was enjoined upon the Jews in the Decalogue, and has been continued by the Christian church with a transference of the day observed from the last to the first day of the week, which is called also Lord’s Day.
"Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy." Ex. xx. 8.
2. The seventh year, observed among the Israelites as one of rest and festival. Lev. xxv. 4.
3. Fig.: A time of rest or repose; intermission of pain, effort, sorrow, or the like.
"Peaceful sleep out the sabbath of the tomb." Pope. Sabbath breaker, one who violates the law of the Sabbath. — Sabbath breaking, the violation of the law of the Sabbath. — Sabbath-day’s journey, a distance of about a mile, which, under Rabbinical law, the Jews were allowed to travel on the Sabbath.
Syn. — Sabbath, Sunday. Sabbath is not strictly synonymous with Sunday. Sabbath denotes the institution; Sunday is the name of the first day of the week. The Sabbath of the Jews is on Saturday, and the Sabbath of most Christians on Sunday. In New England, the first day of the week has been called "the Sabbath," to mark it as holy time; Sunday is the word more commonly used, at present, in all parts of the United States, as it is in England. "So if we will be the children of our heavenly Father, we must be careful to keep the Christian Sabbath day, which is the Sunday." Homilies.

Sabbatism
Sab´ba•tism, n. [L. sabbatismus, Gr., fr. to keep the Sabbath: cf. F. sabbatisme. See Sabbath.] Intermission of labor, as upon the Sabbath; rest. Dr. H. More.

Sabean
Sa•be´an, a. & n. Same as Sabian.

Sabellian
Sa•bel´li•an, a. Pertaining to the doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See Sabellian, n.

Sabellian
Sa•bel´li•an, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Sabellius, a presbyter of Ptolemais in the third century, who maintained that there is but one person in the Godhead, and that the Son and Holy Spirit are only different powers, operations, or offices of the one God the Father.

Sabellianism
Sa•bel´li•an•ism, n. (Eccl.) The doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See Sabellian, n.

Sabianism
Sa´bi•an•ism, n. The doctrine of the Sabians; the Sabian religion; that species of idolatry which consists in worshiping the sun, moon, and stars; heliolatry. [Written also Sabaeanism.]

Sabicu
Sab´i•cu, n. The very hard wood of a leguminous West Indian tree ( Lysiloma Sabicu), valued for shipbuilding.

Sabine
Sa´bine, a. [L. Sabinus.] Of or pertaining to the ancient Sabines, a people of Italy. — n. One of the Sabine people.

Sabine
Sab´ine, n. [F., fr. L. Sabina herba, fr. Sabini the Sabines. Cf. Savin.] (Bot.) See Savin.

Sabotage
Sa•bo•tage´, n. [F.] (a) Scamped work. (b) Malicious waste or destruction of an employer’s property or injury to his interests by workmen during labor troubles.

Sabotière
Sa•bo"tière, n. [F.] A kind of freezer for ices.

Sabre
Sa´bre, n. & v. See Saber.

Sabrina work
Sa•bri"na work A variety of applique work for quilts, table covers, etc. Caulfeild & S. (Dict. of Needlework).

Sabulose
Sab´u•lose, a. [L. sabulosus, from sabulum, sabulo, sand.] (Bot.) Growing in sandy places.

Sabulosity
Sab•u•los´i•ty, n. The quality of being sabulous; sandiness; grittiness.

Sabulous
Sab´u•lous, a. [L. sabulosus.] Sandy; gritty.

Sac (sak), n. (Ethnol.) See Sacs.

Sac, n. [See Sake, Soc.] (O.Eng. Law) The privilege formerly enjoyed by the lord of a manor, of holding courts, trying causes, and imposing fines. Cowell.

Sac (sak), n. [F., fr. L. saccus a sack. See Sack a bag.]
1. See 2d Sack.
2. (Biol.) A cavity, bag, or receptacle, usually containing fluid, and either closed, or opening into another cavity to the exterior; a sack.

Sacar
Sa´car, n. See Saker.

Saccate
Sac´cate, a. [NL. saccatus, fr. L. saccus a sack, bag.]
1. (Biol.) Having the form of a sack or pouch; furnished with a sack or pouch, as a petal.
2. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Saccata, a suborder of ctenophores having two pouches into which the long tentacles can be retracted.

Saccharate
Sac´cha•rate, n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharic acid. (b) In a wider sense, a compound of saccharose, or any similar carbohydrate, with such bases as the oxides of calcium, barium, or lead; a sucrate.

Saccharic
Sac•char´ic, a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, saccharine substances; specifically, designating an acid obtained, as a white amorphous gummy mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose, sucrose, etc.

Sacchariferous
Sac•cha•rif´er•ous, a. [L. saccharon sugar + -ferous.] Producing sugar; as sacchariferous canes.

Saccharify
Sac•char´i•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Saccharified p. pr. & vb. n. Saccharifying ] [L. saccharon sugar + -fy: cf. F. saccharifier.] To convert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.

Saccharimeter
Sac•cha•rim´e•ter, n. [L. saccharon sugar + -meter: cf. F. saccharimètre.] An instrument for ascertaining the quantity of saccharine matter in any solution, as the juice of a plant, or brewers’ and distillers’ worts. [Written also saccharometer.] The common saccharimeter of the brewer is an hydrometer adapted by its scale to point out the proportion of saccharine matter in a solution of any specific gravity. The polarizing saccharimeter of the chemist is a complex optical apparatus, in which polarized light is transmitted through the saccharine solution, and the proportion of sugar indicated by the relative deviation of the plane of polarization.

Saccharimetrical
Sac•cha•ri•met´ric•al, a. Of or pertaining to saccharimetry; obtained by saccharimetry.

Saccharimetry
Sac•cha•rim´e•try (sak•ka•rim"e•try), n. The act, process or method of determining the amount and kind of sugar present in sirup, molasses, and the like, especially by the employment of polarizing apparatus.

Saccharin
Sac´cha•rin (sak"ka•rin), n. [F., from L. saccharon sugar.] (Chem.) A bitter white crystalline substance obtained from the saccharinates and regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; — so called because formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar ( saccharose).

Saccharinate
Sac´cha•ri•nate, n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharinic acid. (b) A salt of saccharine.

Saccharine
Sac´cha•rine, a. [F. saccharin, fr. L. saccharon sugar, Gr.,,, Skr. çarkara. Cf. Sugar.] Of or pertaining to sugar; having the qualities of sugar; producing sugar; sweet; as a saccharine taste; saccharine matter.

Saccharine
Sac´cha•rine, n. (Chem.) A trade name for benzoic sulphinide. [Written also saccharin.]

Saccharinic
Sac´cha•rin´ic, a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharin; specifically, designating a complex acid not known in the free state but well known in its salts, which are obtained by boiling dextrose and levulose (invert sugar) with milk of lime.

Saccharize
Sac´cha•rize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Saccharized p. pr. & vb. n. Saccharizing ] To convert into, or to impregnate with, sugar. { Sac´cha•roid, Sac•cha•roid´al }, a. [L. saccharon sugar + -oid: cf. F. saccharoïde.] Resembling sugar, as in taste, appearance, consistency, or composition; as saccharoidal limestone.

Saccharomyces
Sac•cha•ro•my´ces, n. [NL., fr. Gr. sugar +,, a fungus.] (Biol.) A genus of budding fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid. They are the active agents in producing fermentation of wine, beer, etc. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the yeast of sedimentary beer. Also called Torula.

Saccharomycetes
Sac•cha•ro•my•ce´tes, n. pl. (Biol.) A family of fungi consisting of the one genus Saccharomyces.

Saccharonate
Sac´cha•ro•nate, n. (Chem.) A salt of saccharonic acid.

Saccharone
Sac´cha•rone, n. [ Saccharin + lact one.] (Chem.) (a) A white crystalline substance, C₆H₈O₆, obtained by the oxidation of saccharin, and regarded as the lactone of saccharonic acid. (b) An oily liquid, C₆H₁₀O₂, obtained by the reduction of saccharin.

Saccharonic
Sac•cha•ron´ic, a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharone; specifically, designating an unstable acid which is obtained from saccharone (a) by hydration, and forms a well-known series of salts.

Saccharose
Sac´cha•rose, n. (Chem.) Cane sugar; sucrose; also in general, any one of the group of which saccharose, or sucrose proper, is the type. See Sucrose.

Saccharum
Sac´cha•rum, n. [NL. See Saccharine.] (Bot.) A genus of tall tropical grasses including the sugar cane.

Saccholic
Sac•chol´ic, a. Saccholactic. [Obs.]

Sacchulmate
Sac•chul´mate, n. (Chem.) A salt of sacchulmic acid.

Sacchulmic
Sac•chul´mic, a. [ Saccharine + ulmic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained as a dark amorphous substance by the long-continued boiling of sucrose with very dilute sulphuric acid. It resembles humic acid. [Written also sacculmic.]

Sacchulmin
Sac•chul´min, n. (Chem.) An amorphous huminlike substance resembling sacchulmic acid, and produced together with it.

Sacciferous
Sac•cif´er•ous, a. [L. saccus a sack + -ferous.] (Biol.) Bearing a sac.

Sacciform
Sac´ci•form, a. [L. saccus a sack + -form.] (Biol.) Having the general form of a sac.

Saccoglossa
Sac•co•glos´sa, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. saccus a sack + Gr. a tongue.] (Zoöl.) Same as Pellibranchiata.

Sacculated
Sac´cu•la•ted, a. Furnished with little sacs.

Saccule
Sac´cule, n. [L. sacculus, dim. of saccus sack.] A little sac; specifically, the sacculus of the ear.

Sacculo-cochlear
Sac•cu•lo-coch´le•ar, a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the sacculus and cochlea of the ear.

Sacculo-utricular
Sac•cu•lo-u•tric´u•lar, a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the sacculus and utriculus of the ear.

Sacculus
Sac´cu•lus, n. ; pl. Sacculi (#). [L., little sack.] (Anat.) A little sac; esp., a part of the membranous labyrinth of the ear. See the Note under Ear.

Sacellum
Sa•cel´lum, n. ; pl. Sacella (#). [L., dim. of sacrum a sacred place.] (a) (Rom. Antiq.) An unroofed space consecrated to a divinity. (b) (Eccl.) A small monumental chapel in a church. Shipley.

Sacerdotal
Sac•er•do´tal, a. [L. sacerdotalis, fr. sacerdos, -otis, a priest, fr. sacer holy, sacred: cf. F. sacerdotal.] Of or pertaining to priests, or to the order of priests; relating to the priesthood; priesty; as sacerdotal dignity; sacerdotal functions.
"The ascendency of the sacerdotal order was long the ascendency which naturally and properly belongs to intellectual superiority." Macaulay.

Sacerdotalism
Sac•er•do´tal•ism, n. The system, style, spirit, or character, of a priesthood, or sacerdotal order; devotion to the interests of the sacerdotal order.

Sacerdotally
Sac•er•do´tal•ly, adv. In a sacerdotal manner.

Sachel
Sach´el (sach"el), n. A small bag. See Satchel.

Sachemship
Sa´chem•ship, n. Office or condition of a sachem.

Sachet
Sa•chet´, n. [F., dim. of sac. See Sac.] A scent bag, or perfume cushion, to be laid among handkerchiefs, garments, etc., to perfume them.

Sack (s&scr;k), n. [OE. seck, F. sec dry (cf. Sp. seco, It. secco), from L. siccus dry, harsh; perhaps akin to Gr. ’ischno•s, Skr. sikata sand, Ir. sesc dry, W. hysp. Cf. Desiccate.] A name formerly given to various dry Spanish wines. "Sherris sack." Shak. Sack posset, a posset made of sack, and some other ingredients.

Sack, n. [OE. sak, sek, AS. sacc, saecc, L. saccus, Gr. sa•kkos from Heb. sak; cf. F. sac, from the Latin. Cf. Sac, Satchel, Sack to plunder.]
1. A bag for holding and carrying goods of any kind; a receptacle made of some kind of pliable material, as cloth, leather, and the like; a large pouch.
2. A measure of varying capacity, according to local usage and the substance. The American sack of salt is 215 pounds; the sack of wheat, two bushels. McElrath.
3. [Perhaps a different word.] Originally, a loosely hanging garment for women, worn like a cloak about the shoulders, and serving as a decorative appendage to the gown; now, an outer garment with sleeves, worn by women; as a dressing sack. [Written also sacque.]
4. A sack coat; a kind of coat worn by men, and extending from top to bottom without a cross seam.
5. (Biol.) See 2d Sac, 2. Sack bearer (Zoöl.). See Basket worm, under Basket. — Sack tree (Bot.), an East Indian tree ( Antiaris saccidora) which is cut into lengths, and made into sacks by turning the bark inside out, and leaving a slice of the wood for a bottom. — To give the sack to or get the sack, to discharge, or be discharged, from employment; to jilt, or be jilted. [Slang]

Sack, v. t.
1. To put in a sack; to bag; as to sack corn.
"Bolsters sacked in cloth, blue and crimson." L. Wallace.
2. To bear or carry in a sack upon the back or the shoulders. [Colloq.]

Sack, n. [F. sac plunder, pillage, originally, a pack, packet, booty packed up, fr. L. saccus. See Sack a bag.] The pillage or plunder, as of a town or city; the storm and plunder of a town; devastation; ravage.
"The town was stormed, and delivered up to sack, — by which phrase is to be understood the perpetration of all those outrages which the ruthless code of war allowed, in that age, on the persons and property of the defenseless inhabitants, without regard to sex or age." Prescott.

Sack, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Sacked p. pr. & vb. n. Sacking.] [See Sack pillage.] To plunder or pillage, as a town or city; to devastate; to ravage.
"The Romans lay under the apprehensions of seeing their city sacked by a barbarous enemy." Addison.

Sackbut
Sack´but, n. [F. saquebute, OF. saqueboute a sackbut, earlier, a sort of hook attached to the end of a lance used by foot soldiers to unhorse cavalrymen; prop. meaning, pull and push; fr. saquier, sachier, to pull, draw (perhaps originally, to put into a bag or take out from a bag; see Sack a bag) + bouter to push (see Butt to thrust). The name was given to the musical instrument from its being lengthened and shortened.] (Mus.) A brass wind instrument, like a bass trumpet, so contrived that it can be lengthened or shortened according to the tone required; — said to be the same as the trombone. [Written also sagbut.] Moore (Encyc. of Music). The sackbut of the Scriptures is supposed to have been a stringed instrument.

Sackclothed
Sack´clothed, a. Clothed in sackcloth.

Sacker
Sack´er, n. One who sacks; one who takes part in the storm and pillage of a town.

Sackful
Sack´ful, n. ; pl. Sackfuls . As much as a sack will hold.

Sackful
Sack´ful, a. Bent on plunder. [Obs.] Chapman.

Sacking
Sack´ing, n. [AS. saeccing, from saecc sack, bag.] Stout, coarse cloth of which sacks, bags, etc., are made.

Sackless
Sack´less, a. [AS. sacleás; sacu contention + leás loose, free from.] Quiet; peaceable; harmless; innocent. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Sack-winged
Sack´-winged, a. (Zoöl.) Having a peculiar pouch developed near the front edge of the wing; — said of certain bats of the genus Saccopteryx.

Sacque, n. [Formed after the analogy of the French. See 2d Sack.] Same as 2d Sack, 3.

Sacrament
Sac´ra•ment, n. [L. sacramentum an oath, a sacred thing, a mystery, a sacrament, fr. sacrare to declare as sacred, sacer sacred: cf. F. sacrement. See Sacred.]
1. The oath of allegiance taken by Roman soldiers; hence, a sacred ceremony used to impress an obligation; a solemn oath-taking; an oath. [Obs.]
"I’ll take the sacrament on’t." Shak.
2. The pledge or token of an oath or solemn covenant; a sacred thing; a mystery. [Obs.]
"God sometimes sent a light of fire, and pillar of a cloud … and the sacrament of a rainbow, to guide his people through their portion of sorrows." Jer. Taylor.
3. (Theol.) One of the solemn religious ordinances enjoined by Christ, the head of the Christian church, to be observed by his followers; hence, specifically, the eucharist; the Lord’s Supper.
Syn. — Sacrament, Eucharist. — Protestants apply the term sacrament to baptism and the Lord’s Supper, especially the latter. The R. Cath. and Greek churches have five other sacraments, viz., confirmation, penance, holy orders, matrimony, and extreme unction. As sacrament denotes an oath or vow, the word has been applied by way of emphasis to the Lord’s Supper, where the most sacred vows are renewed by the Christian in commemorating the death of his Redeemer. Eucharist denotes the giving of thanks; and this term also has been applied to the same ordinance, as expressing the grateful remembrance of Christ’s sufferings and death. "Some receive the sacrament as a means to procure great graces and blessings; others as an eucharist and an office of thanksgiving for what they have received." Jer. Taylor.

Sacrament
Sac´ra•ment, v. t. To bind by an oath. [Obs.] Laud.

Sacramental
Sac•ra•men´tal, a. [L. sacramentalis: cf. F. sacramental, sacramentel.]
1. Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the sacraments; of the nature of a sacrament; sacredly or solemnly binding; as sacramental rites or elements.
2. Bound by a sacrament.
"The sacramental host of God’s elect." Cowper.

Sacramental
Sac•ra•men´tal, n. That which relates to a sacrament. Bp. Morton.

Sacramentalism
Sac•ra•men´tal•ism, n. The doctrine and use of sacraments; attachment of excessive importance to sacraments.

Sacramentalist
Sac•ra•men´tal•ist, n. One who holds the doctrine of the real objective presence of Christ’s body and blood in the holy eucharist. Shipley.

Sacramentally
Sac•ra•men´tal•ly, adv. In a sacramental manner.

Sacramentarian
Sac•ra•men•ta´ri•an, n. [LL. sacramentarius: cf. F. sacramentaire.]
1. (Eccl.) A name given in the sixteenth century to those German reformers who rejected both the Roman and the Lutheran doctrine of the holy eucharist.
2. One who holds extreme opinions regarding the efficacy of sacraments.

Sacramentarian
Sac•ra•men•ta´ri•an, a.
1. Of or pertaining a sacrament, or to the sacramentals; sacramental.
2. Of or pertaining to the Sacramentarians.

Sacramentary
Sac•ra•men´ta•ry, a.
1. Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the sacraments; sacramental.
2. Of or pertaining to the Sacramentarians.

Sacramentary
Sac•ra•men´ta•ry, n. ; pl. -ries (#). [LL. sacramentarium: cf. F. sacramentaire.]
1. An ancient book of the Roman Catholic Church, written by Pope Gelasius, and revised, corrected, and abridged by St. Gregory, in which were contained the rites for Mass, the sacraments, the dedication of churches, and other ceremonies. There are several ancient books of the same kind in France and Germany.
2. Same as Sacramentarian, n. , 1.
"Papists, Anabaptists, and Sacramentaries." Jer. Taylor.

Sacrarium
Sa•cra´ri•um, n. ; pl. -ria (#). [L., fr. sacer sacred.]
1. A sort of family chapel in the houses of the Romans, devoted to a special divinity.
2. The adytum of a temple. Gwilt.
3. In a Christian church, the sanctuary.

Sacrate
Sa´crate, v. t. [L. sacratus, p. p. of sacrare. See Sacred.] To consecrate. [Obs.]

Sacre
Sa´cre, n. See Saker.

Sacre
Sa´cre, v. t. [F. sacrer. See Sacred.] To consecrate; to make sacred. [Obs.] Holland.

Sacrificant
Sa•crif´ic•ant, n. [L. sacrificans, p. pr. See Sacrifice.] One who offers a sacrifice. [R.]

Sacrificatory
Sa•crif´ic•a•to•ry, n. [Cf. F. sacrificatoire.] Offering sacrifice. [R.] Sherwood.

Sacrifice
Sac´ri•fice ( 277), n. [OE. sacrifise, sacrifice, F. sacrifice, fr. L. sacrificium; sacer sacred + facere to make. See Sacred, and Fact.]
1. The offering of anything to God, or to a god; consecratory rite.
"Great pomp, and sacrifice, and praises loud, To Dagon." Milton.
2. Anything consecrated and offered to God, or to a divinity; an immolated victim, or an offering of any kind, laid upon an altar, or otherwise presented in the way of religious thanksgiving, atonement, or conciliation.
"Moloch, horrid king, besmeared with blood Of human sacrifice." Milton.
"My life, if thou preserv’st my life, Thy sacrifice shall be." Addison.
3. Destruction or surrender of anything for the sake of something else; devotion of some desirable object in behalf of a higher object, or to a claim deemed more pressing; hence, also the thing so devoted or given up; as the sacrifice of interest to pleasure, or of pleasure to interest.
4. A sale at a price less than the cost or the actual value. [Tradesmen’s Cant] Burnt sacrifice. See Burnt offering, under Burnt. — Sacrifice hit (Baseball), in batting, a hit of such a kind that the batter loses his chance of tallying, but enables one or more who are on bases to get home or gain a base.

Sacrifice
Sac´ri•fice ( 277), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Sacrificed ; p. pr. & vb. n. Sacrificing .] [From Sacrifice, n. : cf. F. sacrifier, L. sacrificare; sacer sacred, holy + -ficare (only in comp.) to make. See -fy.]
1. To make an offering of; to consecrate or present to a divinity by way of expiation or propitiation, or as a token acknowledgment or thanksgiving; to immolate on the altar of God, in order to atone for sin, to procure favor, or to express thankfulness; as to sacrifice an ox or a sheep.
"Oft sacrificing bullock, lamb, or kid." Milton.
2. Hence, to destroy, surrender, or suffer to be lost, for the sake of obtaining something; to give up in favor of a higher or more imperative object or duty; to devote, with loss or suffering.
"Condemned to sacrifice his childish years To babbling ignorance, and to empty fears." Prior.
"The Baronet had sacrificed a large sum … for the sake of … making this boy his heir." G. Eliot.
3. To destroy; to kill. Johnson.
4. To sell at a price less than the cost or the actual value. [Tradesmen’s Cant]

Sacrifice
Sac´ri•fice, v. i. To make offerings to God, or to a deity, of things consumed on the altar; to offer sacrifice.
"O teacher, some great mischief hath befallen To that meek man, who well had sacrificed." Milton.

Sacrificer
Sac´ri•fi•cer, n. One who sacrifices.

Sacrificial
Sac•ri•fi´cial, a. Of or pertaining to sacrifice or sacrifices; consisting in sacrifice; performing sacrifice. "Sacrificial rites." Jer. Taylor.

Sacrilege
Sac´ri•lege, n. [F. sacrilège, L. sacrilegium, from sacrilegus that steals, properly, gathers or picks up, sacred things; sacer sacred + legere to gather, pick up. See Sacred, and Legend.] The sin or crime of violating or profaning sacred things; the alienating to laymen, or to common purposes, what has been appropriated or consecrated to religious persons or uses.
"And the hid treasures in her sacred tomb With sacrilege to dig." Spenser.
"Families raised upon the ruins of churches, and enriched with the spoils of sacrilege." South.

Sacrilegist
Sac´ri•le•gist, n. One guilty of sacrilege.

Sacring
Sac´ring, a. & n. from Sacre. Sacring bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus.

Sacrosanct
Sac´ro•sanct, a. [L. sucrosanctus.] Sacred; inviolable. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Sacrosciatic
Sa•cro•sci•at´ic, a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the sacrum and the hip; as the sacrosciatic foramina formed by the sacrosciatic ligaments which connect the sacrum and the hip bone.

Sacrovertebral
Sa•cro•ver´te•bral, a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sacrum and that part of the vertebral column immediately anterior to it; as the sacrovertebral angle.

Sacrum
Sa´crum, n. ; pl. sacra . [NL., fr. L. sacer sacred, os sacrum the lowest bone of the spine.] (Anat.) That part of the vertebral column which is directly connected with, or forms a part of, the pelvis. It may consist of a single vertebra or of several more or less consolidated. In man it forms the dorsal, or posterior, wall of the pelvis, and consists of five united vertebrae, which diminish in size very rapidly to the posterior extremity, which bears the coccyx.

Sacs (saks), n. pl.; sing. Sac . (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians, which, together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region about Green Bay, Wisconsin. [Written also Sauks.]

Sad (sad), a. [ Compar. Sadder supperl. Saddest.] [OE. sad sated, tired, satisfied, firm, steadfast, AS. saed satisfied, sated; akin to D. zat, OS. sad, G. satt, OHG. sat, Icel. saðr, saddr, Goth. saþs, Lith. sotus, L. sat, satis, enough, satur sated, Gr. ’a•menai to satiate, ’a•dnh enough. Cf. Assets, Sate, Satiate, Satisfy, Satire.]
1. Sated; satisfied; weary; tired. [Obs.]
"Yet of that art they can not waxen sad, For unto them it is a bitter sweet." Chaucer.
2. Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard. [Obs., except in a few phrases; as sad bread.]
"His hand, more sad than lump of lead." Spenser.
"Chalky lands are naturally cold and sad." Mortimer.
3. Dull; grave; dark; somber; — said of colors. "Sad-colored clothes." Walton.
"Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of all sad colors." Mortimer.
4. Serious; grave; sober; steadfast; not light or frivolous. [Obs.] "Ripe and sad courage." Chaucer.
"Lady Catharine, a sad and religious woman." Bacon.
"Which treaty was wisely handled by sad and discrete counsel of both parties." Ld. Berners.
5. Affected with grief or unhappiness; cast down with affliction; downcast; gloomy; mournful.
"First were we sad, fearing you would not come; Now sadder, that you come so unprovided." Shak.
"The angelic guards ascended, mute and sad." Milton.
6. Afflictive; calamitous; causing sorrow; as a sad accident; a sad misfortune.
7. Hence, bad; naughty; troublesome; wicked. [Colloq.] "Sad tipsy fellows, both of them." I. Taylor. Sad is sometimes used in the formation of self- explaining compounds; as sad-colored, sad-eyed, sad-hearted, sad-looking, and the like. Sad bread, heavy bread. [Scot. & Local, U.S.] Bartlett.
Syn. — Sorrowful; mournful; gloomy; dejected; depressed; cheerless; downcast; sedate; serious; grave; grievous; afflictive; calamitous.

Sad, v. t. To make sorrowful; to sadden. [Obs.]
"How it sadded the minister’s spirits!" H. Peters.

Sadda
Sad´da, n. [Per. sad-dar the hundred gates or ways; sad a hundred + dar door, way.] A work in the Persian tongue, being a summary of the Zend- Avesta, or sacred books.

Sadden
Sad´den, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Saddened p. pr. & vb. n. Saddening.] To make sad. Specifically: (a) To render heavy or cohesive. [Obs.]
"Marl is binding, and saddening of land is the great prejudice it doth to clay lands." Mortimer. (b) To make dull- or sad-colored, as cloth. (c) To make grave or serious; to make melancholy or sorrowful.
"Her gloomy presence saddens all the scene." Pope.

Sadden
Sad´den, v. i. To become, or be made, sad. Tennyson.

Sadder
Sad´der, n. Same as Sadda.

Saddleback
Sad´dle•back, a. Same as Saddle-backed. Saddleback roof. (Arch.) See Saddle roof, under Saddle.

Saddleback
Sad´dle•back, n.
1. Anything saddle-backed; esp., a hill or ridge having a concave outline at the top.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The harp seal. (b) The great blackbacked gull ( Larus marinus). (c) The larva of a bombycid moth ( Empretia stimulea) which has a large, bright green, saddle-shaped patch of color on the back.

Saddle-backed
Sad´dle-backed, a.
1. Having the outline of the upper part concave like the seat of a saddle.
2. Having a low back and high neck, as a horse.

Saddlebags
Sad´dle•bags, n. pl. Bags, usually of leather, united by straps or a band, formerly much used by horseback riders to carry small articles, one bag hanging on each side.

Saddlebow
Sad´dle•bow, n. [AS. sadelboga.] The bow or arch in the front part of a saddle, or the pieces which form the front.

Saddlecloth
Sad´dle•cloth ( 115), n. A cloth under a saddle, and extending out behind; a housing.

Saddled
Sad´dled, a. (Zoöl.) Having a broad patch of color across the back, like a saddle; saddle-backed.

Saddler
Sad´dler, n. One who makes saddles.
2. (Zoöl.) A harp seal.

Saddlery
Sad´dler•y, n.
1. The materials for making saddles and harnesses; the articles usually offered for sale in a saddler’s shop.
2. The trade or employment of a saddler.

Saddle-shaped
Sad´dle-shaped, a. Shaped like a saddle. Specifically: (a) (Bot.) Bent down at the sides so as to give the upper part a rounded form. Henslow. (b) (Geol.) Bent on each side of a mountain or ridge, without being broken at top; — said of strata.

Saddletree
Sad´dle•tree, n. The frame of a saddle.
"For saddletree scarce reached had he, His journey to begin." Cowper.

Sadducaic
Sad•du•ca´ic ( 135), a. Pertaining to, or like, the Sadducees; as Sadducaic reasonings.

Sadducee
Sad´du•cee, n. [L. Sadducaei, p., Gr., Heb. Tsaddukim; — so called from Tsadok, the founder of the sect.] One of a sect among the ancient Jews, who denied the resurrection, a future state, and the existence of angels. — Sad•du•ce´an (#), a. { Sad´du•cee•ism, Sad´du•cism }, n. The tenets of the Sadducees.

Sadducize
Sad´du•cize, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Sadducized p. pr. & vb. n. Sadducizing ] To adopt the principles of the Sadducees. Atterbury.

Sadiron
Sad´i•ron, n. [Probably sad heavy + iron.] An iron for smoothing clothes; a flatiron.

Sadly
Sad´ly, adv.
1. Wearily; heavily; firmly. [Obs.]
"In go the spears full sadly in arest." Chaucer.
2. Seriously; soberly; gravely. [Obs.]
"To tell thee sadly, shepherd, without blame Or our neglect, we lost her as we came." Milton.
3. Grievously; deeply; sorrowfully; miserably. "He sadly suffers in their grief." Dryden.

Sadness
Sad´ness, n.
1. Heaviness; firmness. [Obs.]
2. Seriousness; gravity; discretion. [Obs.]
"Her sadness and her benignity." Chaucer.
3. Quality of being sad, or unhappy; gloominess; sorrowfulness; dejection.
"Dim sadness did not spare That time celestial visages." Milton.
Syn. — Sorrow; heaviness; dejection. See Grief.

Saengerfest
Saeng´er•fest, n. [G. sängerfest.] A festival of singers; a German singing festival.

Safe, a. [ Compar. Safer superl. Safest.] [OE. sauf, F. sauf, fr. L. salvus, akin to salus health, welfare, safety. Cf. Salute, Salvation, Sage a plant, Save, Salvo an exception.]
1. Free from harm, injury, or risk; untouched or unthreatened by danger or injury; unharmed; unhurt; secure; whole; as safe from disease; safe from storms; safe from foes. "And ye dwelled safe." 1 Sam. xii. 11.
"They escaped all safe to land." Acts xxvii. 44.
"Established in a safe, unenvied throne." Milton.
2. Conferring safety; securing from harm; not exposing to danger; confining securely; to be relied upon; not dangerous; as a safe harbor; a safe bridge, etc. "The man of safe discretion." Shak.
"The King of heaven hath doomed This place our dungeon, not our safe retreat." Milton.
3. Incapable of doing harm; no longer dangerous; in secure care or custody; as the prisoner is safe.
"But Banquo’s safe? Ay, my good lord, safe in a ditch he bides." Shak. Safe hit (Baseball), a hit which enables the batter to get to first base even if no error is made by the other side.
Syn. — Secure; unendangered; sure.

Safe, n. A place for keeping things in safety. Specifically: (a) A strong and fireproof receptacle (as a movable chest of steel, etc., or a closet or vault of brickwork) for containing money, valuable papers, or the like. (b) A ventilated or refrigerated chest or closet for securing provisions from noxious animals or insects.

Safe, v. t. To render safe; to make right. [Obs.] Shak.

Safe-conduct
Safe´-con´duct, n. [ Safe + conduct: cf. F. sauf-conduit.] That which gives a safe passage; either (a) a convoy or guard to protect a person in an enemy’s country or a foreign country, or (b) a writing, pass, or warrant of security, given to a person to enable him to travel with safety. Shak.

Safe-conduct
Safe•-con•duct´, v. t. To conduct safely; to give safe-conduct to. [Poetic]
"He him by all the bonds of love besought To safe-conduct his love." Spenser.

Safeguard
Safe´guard, n. [Safe = guard: cf. F. sauvegarde.]
1. One who, or that which, defends or protects; defense; protection. Shak.
"Thy sword, the safeguard of thy brother’s throne." Granville.
2. A convoy or guard to protect a traveler or property.
3. A pass; a passport; a safe-conduct. Shak.

Safeguard
Safe´guard, v. t. To guard; to protect. Shak.

Safe-keeping
Safe´-keep´ing, n. [ Safe + keep.] The act of keeping or preserving in safety from injury or from escape; care; custody.

Safely
Safe´ly, adv. In a safe manner; danger, injury, loss, or evil consequences.

Safeness
Safe´ness, n. The quality or state of being safe; freedom from hazard, danger, harm, or loss; safety; security; as the safeness of an experiment, of a journey, or of a possession.

Safe-pledge
Safe´-pledge´, n. (Law) A surety for the appearance of a person at a given time. Bracton.

Safety
Safe´ty, n. [Cf. F. sauvete.]
1. The condition or state of being safe; freedom from danger or hazard; exemption from hurt, injury, or loss.
"Up led by thee, Into the heaven I have presumed, An earthly guest … With like safety guided down, Return me to my native element." Milton.
2. Freedom from whatever exposes one to danger or from liability to cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the quality of making safe or secure, or of giving confidence, justifying trust, insuring against harm or loss, etc.
"Would there were any safety in thy sex, That I might put a thousand sorrows off, And credit thy repentance!" Beau. & Fl.
3. Preservation from escape; close custody.
"Imprison him, … Deliver him to safety; and return." Shak.
4. (Football) Same as Safety touchdown, below. Safety arch (Arch.), a discharging arch. See under Discharge, v. t. — Safety belt, a belt made of some buoyant material, or which is capable of being inflated, so as to enable a person to float in water; a life preserver. — Safety buoy, a buoy to enable a person to float in water; a safety belt. — Safety cage (Mach.), a cage for an elevator or mine lift, having appliances to prevent it from dropping if the lifting rope should break. — Safety lamp. (Mining) See under Lamp. — Safety match, a match which can be ignited only on a surface specially prepared for the purpose. — Safety pin, a pin made in the form of a clasp, with a guard covering its point so that it will not prick the wearer. — Safety plug. See Fusible plug, under Fusible. — Safety switch. See Switch. — Safety touchdown (Football), the act or result of a player’s touching to the ground behind his own goal line a ball which received its last impulse from a man on his own side; — distinguished from touchback. See Touchdown. — Safety tube (Chem.), a tube to prevent explosion, or to control delivery of gases by an automatic valvular connection with the outer air; especially, a bent funnel tube with bulbs for adding those reagents which produce unpleasant fumes or violent effervescence. — Safety valve, a valve which is held shut by a spring or weight and opens automatically to permit the escape of steam, or confined gas water, etc., from a boiler, or other vessel, when the pressure becomes too great for safety; also sometimes, a similar valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, to prevent collapse.

Safety
Safe´ty, n. (a) (Amer. Football) A safety touchdown. (b) Short for Safety bicycle.

Safety chain. (a) (Railroads) A normally slack chain for preventing excessive movement between a truck and a car body in sluing. (b) An auxiliary watch chain, secured to the clothes, usually out of sight, to prevent stealing of the watch. (c) A chain of sheet metal links with an elongated hole through each broad end, made up by doubling the first link on itself, slipping the next link through and doubling, and so on.

Safflow
Saf´flow, n. (Bot.) The safflower. [Obs.]

Safflower
Saf´flow•er, n. [F. safleur, saflor, for safran, influenced by fleur flower. See Saffron, and Flower.]
1. (Bot.) An annual composite plant ( Carthamus tinctorius), the flowers of which are used as a dyestuff and in making rouge; bastard, or false, saffron.
2. The dried flowers of the Carthamus tinctorius.
3. A dyestuff from these flowers. See Safranin (b). Oil of safflower, a purgative oil expressed from the seeds of the safflower.

Saffrony
Saf´fron•y, a. Having a color somewhat like saffron; yellowish. Lord (1630).

Safranin
Saf´ra•nin, n. (Chem.) (a) An orange-red dyestuff extracted from the saffron. [R.] (b) A red dyestuff extracted from the safflower, and formerly used in dyeing wool, silk, and cotton pink and scarlet; — called also Spanish red, China lake, and carthamin. (c) An orange-red dyestuff prepared from certain nitro compounds of creosol, and used as a substitute for the safflower dye.

Safranine
Saf´ra•nine, n. [So called because used as a substitute for safranin.] (Chem.) An orange-red nitrogenous dyestuff produced artificially by oxidizing certain aniline derivatives, and used in dyeing silk and wool; also any one of the series of which safranine proper is the type.

Sag (sag), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Sagged p. pr. & vb. n. Sagging ] [Akin to Sw. sacka to settle, sink down, LG. sacken, D. zakken. Cf. Sink, v. i.]
1. To sink, in the middle, by its weight or under applied pressure, below a horizontal line or plane; as a line or cable supported by its ends sags, though tightly drawn; the floor of a room sags; hence, to lean, give way, or settle from a vertical position; as a building may sag one way or another; a door sags on its hinges.
2. Fig.: To lose firmness or elasticity; to sink; to droop; to flag; to bend; to yield, as the mind or spirits, under the pressure of care, trouble, doubt, or the like; to be unsettled or unbalanced. [R.]
"The mind I sway by, and the heart I bear, Shall never sag with doubt nor shake with fear." Shak.
3. To loiter in walking; to idle along; to drag or droop heavily. To sag to leeward (Naut.), to make much leeway by reason of the wind, sea, or current; to drift to leeward; — said of a vessel. Totten.

Sag, v. t. To cause to bend or give way; to load.

Sag, n. State of sinking or bending; sagging.

Saga
Sa´ga (sa"ga), n. ; pl. Sagas (-gaz). [Icel., akin to E. saw a saying. See Say, and cf. Saw.] A Scandinavian legend, or heroic or mythic tradition, among the Norsemen and kindred people; a northern European popular historical or religious tale of olden time.
"And then the blue-eyed Norseman told A saga of the days of old." Longfellow.

Sagapenum
Sag•a•pe´num, n. [L. sagapenon, sacopenium, Gr. : cf. F. sagapin, gomme sagapin, sagapenum, Ar. sikbinaj, Per. sakbinah, sikbinah.] (Med.) A fetid gum resin obtained from a species of Ferula. It has been used in hysteria, etc., but is now seldom met with. U. S. Disp.

Sagathy
Sag´a•thy, n. [F. sagatis: cf. Sp. sagatí, saetí.] A mixed woven fabric of silk and cotton, or silk and wool; sayette; also a light woolen fabric.

Sage, n. [OE. sauge, F. sauge, L. salvia, from salvus saved, in allusion to its reputed healing virtues. See Safe.] (Bot.) (a) A suffruticose labiate plant ( Salvia officinalis) with grayish green foliage, much used in flavoring meats, etc. The name is often extended to the whole genus, of which many species are cultivated for ornament, as the scarlet sage, and Mexican red and blue sage. (b) The sagebrush. Meadow sage (Bot.), a blue-flowered species of Salvia ( S. pratensis) growing in meadows in Europe. — Sage cheese, cheese flavored with sage, and colored green by the juice of leaves of spinach and other plants which are added to the milk. — Sage cock (Zoöl.), the male of the sage grouse; in a more general sense, the specific name of the sage grouse. — Sage green, of a dull grayish green color, like the leaves of garden sage. — Sage grouse (Zoöl.), a very large American grouse ( Centrocercus urophasianus), native of the dry sagebrush plains of Western North America. Called also cock of the plains. The male is called sage cock, and the female sage hen. — Sage hare, orSage rabbit (Zoöl.), a species of hare ( Lepus Nuttalli, or artemisia) which inhabits the arid regions of Western North America and lives among sagebrush. By recent writers it is considered to be merely a variety of the common cottontail, or wood rabbit. — Sage hen (Zoöl.), the female of the sage grouse. — Sage sparrow (Zoöl.), a small sparrow ( Amphispiza Belli, var. Nevadensis) which inhabits the dry plains of the Rocky Mountain region, living among sagebrush. — Sage thrasher (Zoöl.), a singing bird ( Oroscoptes montanus) which inhabits the sagebrush plains of Western North America. — Sage willow (Bot.), a species of willow ( Salix tristis) forming a low bush with nearly sessile grayish green leaves.

Sage, a. [ Compar. Sager superl. Sagest.] [F., fr. L. sapius (only in nesapius unwise, foolish), fr. sapere to be wise; perhaps akin to E. sap. Cf. Savor, Sapient, Insipid.]
1. Having nice discernment and powers of judging; prudent; grave; sagacious.
"All you sage counselors, hence!" Shak.
2. Proceeding from wisdom; well judged; shrewd; well adapted to the purpose.
"Commanders, who, cloaking their fear under show of sage advice, counseled the general to retreat." Milton.
3. Grave; serious; solemn. [R.] "[Great bards] in sage and solemn tunes have sung." Milton.
Syn. — Wise; sagacious; sapient; grave; prudent; judicious.

Sage, n. A wise man; a man of gravity and wisdom; especially, a man venerable for years, and of sound judgment and prudence; a grave philosopher.
"At his birth a star, Unseen before in heaven, proclaims him come, And guides the Eastern sages." Milton.

Sagebrush
Sage´brush, n. A low irregular shrub ( Artemisia tridentata), of the order Compositae, covering vast tracts of the dry alkaline regions of the American plains; — called also sagebush, and wild sage.

Sagebrush State. Nevada; — a nickname.

Sagely
Sage´ly, adv. In a sage manner; wisely.

Sagene
Sa•gene´, n. [Russ. sajene.] A Russian measure of length equal to about seven English feet.

Sageness
Sage´ness, n. The quality or state of being sage; wisdom; sagacity; prudence; gravity. Ascham.

Sagenite
Sag´e•nite, n. [F. sagenite, fr. L. sagena a large net. See Seine.] (Min.) Acicular rutile occurring in reticulated forms imbedded in quartz.

Sagger
Sag´ger, n. [See Seggar.]
1. A pot or case of fire clay, in which fine stoneware is inclosed while baking in the kiln; a seggar.
2. The clay of which such pots or cases are made.

Sagination
Sag•i•na´tion, n. [L. saginatio.] The act of fattening or pampering. [R.] Topsell.

Sagitta
Sa•git´ta, n. [L., an arrow.]
1. (Astron.) A small constellation north of Aquila; the Arrow.
2. (Arch.) The keystone of an arch. [R.] Gwilt.
3. (Geom.) The distance from a point in a curve to the chord; also the versed sine of an arc; — so called from its resemblance to an arrow resting on the bow and string. [Obs.]
4. (Anat.) The larger of the two otoliths, or ear bones, found in most fishes.
5. (Zoöl.) A genus of transparent, free-swimming marine worms having lateral and caudal fins, and capable of swimming rapidly. It is the type of the class Chaetognatha.

Sagittal
Sag´it•tal, a. [L. sagitta an arrow: cf. F. sagittal.]
1. Of or pertaining to an arrow; resembling an arrow; furnished with an arrowlike appendage.
2. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the sagittal suture; in the region of the sagittal suture; rabdoidal; as the sagittal furrow, or groove, on the inner surface of the roof of the skull. (b) In the mesial plane; mesial; as a sagittal section of an animal. Sagittal suture (Anat.), the suture between the two parietal bones in the top of the skull; — called also rabdoidal suture, and interparietal suture.

Sagittarius
Sag•it•ta´ri•us, n. [L., literally, an archer, fr. sagittarius belonging to an arrow, fr. sagitta an arrow.] (Astron.) (a) The ninth of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters about November 22, marked thus [&sagittarius;] in almanacs; the Archer. (b) A zodiacal constellation, represented on maps and globes as a centaur shooting an arrow.

Sagittary
Sag´it•ta´ry, n. [See Sagittarius.]
1. (Myth.) A centaur; a fabulous being, half man, half horse, armed with a bow and quiver. Shak.
2. The Arsenal in Venice; — so called from having a figure of an archer over the door. Shak.

Sagittary
Sag´it•ta•ry, a. [L. sagittarius.] Pertaining to, or resembling, an arrow. Sir T. Browne.

Sagittate
Sag´it•tate, a. [NL. sagittatus, fr. L. sagitta an arrow.] Shaped like an arrowhead; triangular, with the two basal angles prolonged downward.

Sagittated
Sag´it•ta•ted, a. Sagittal; sagittate.

Sagittocyst
Sag´it•to•cyst, n. [See Sagitta, and Cyst.] (Zoöl.) A defensive cell containing a minute rodlike structure which may be expelled. Such cells are found in certain Turbellaria.

Sagoin
Sa•goin´, n. [F. sagouin(formed from the native South American name).] (Zoöl.) A marmoset; — called also sagouin.

Sagum
Sa´gum, n. ; pl. Saga (#). [L. sagum, sagus; cf. Gr. . Cf. Say a kind of serge.] (Rom. Antiq.) The military cloak of the Roman soldiers.

Sahib
Sa´hib, Sa´heb, n. [Ar. çahib master, lord, fem. çahibah.] A respectful title or appellation given to Europeans of rank. [India]

Sahibah
Sa´hi•bah, n. [See Sahib.] A lady; mistress. [India]

Sai
Sa´i, n. [Cf. Pg. sahi.] (Zoöl.) See Capuchin, 3 (a).

Saic
Sa´ic, n. [F. saïque, Turk. shaïka.] (Naut.) A kind of ketch very common in the Levant, which has neither topgallant sail nor mizzen topsail.

Said, imp. & p. p. of Say.

Said, a. Before-mentioned; already spoken of or specified; aforesaid; — used chiefly in legal style.

Saiga
Sai´ga, n. [Russ. saika.] (Zoöl.) An antelope ( Saiga Tartarica) native of the plains of Siberia and Eastern Russia. The male has erect annulated horns, and tufts of long hair beneath the eyes and ears.

Saikyr
Sai´kyr, n. (Mil.) Same as Saker. [Obs.]

Sailable
Sail´a•ble, a. Capable of being sailed over; navigable; as a sailable river.

Sailboat
Sail´boat, n. A boat propelled by a sail or sails.

Sailcloth
Sail´cloth, n. Duck or canvas used in making sails.

Sailer
Sail´er, n.
1. A sailor. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.
2. A ship or other vessel; — with qualifying words descriptive of speed or manner of sailing; as a heavy sailer; a fast sailer.

Sailfish
Sail´fish, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The banner fish, or spikefish ( Histiophorus.) (b) The basking, or liver, shark. (c) The quillback.

Sailing
Sail´ing, n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, sails; the motion of a vessel on water, impelled by wind or steam; the act of starting on a voyage.
2. (Naut.) The art of managing a vessel; seamanship; navigation; as globular sailing; oblique sailing. For the several methods of sailing, see under Circular, Globular, Oblique, Parallel, etc. Sailing master (U. S. Navy), formerly, a warrant officer, ranking next below a lieutenant, whose duties were to navigate the vessel; and under the direction of the executive officer, to attend to the stowage of the hold, to the cables, rigging, etc. The grade was merged in that of master in 1862.

Sailmaker
Sail´mak•er, n. One whose occupation is to make or repair sails. — Sail´mak•ing, n.

Sailor
Sail´or, n. One who follows the business of navigating ships or other vessels; one who understands the practical management of ships; one of the crew of a vessel; a mariner; a common seaman.
Syn. — Mariner; seaman; seafarer. Sailor’s choice. (Zoöl.) (a) An excellent marine food fish ( Diplodus, or Lagodon, rhomboides) of the Southern United States; — called also porgy, squirrel fish, yellowtail, and salt- water bream. (b) A species of grunt ( Orthopristis, or Pomadasys, chrysopterus), an excellent food fish common on the southern coasts of the United States; — called also hogfish, and pigfish.

Saily
Sail´y, a. Like a sail. [R.] Drayton.

Saim, n. [OF. sain, LL. saginum, fr. L. sagina a fattening.] Lard; grease. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

Saimir
Sai•mir´, n. (Zoöl.) The squirrel monkey.

Sain, obs. p. p. of Say, for sayen. Said. Shak.

Sain, v. t. [Cf. Saint, Sane.] To sanctify; to bless so as to protect from evil influence. [R.] Sir W. Scott.

Sainfoin
Sain´foin ( 277), n. [F., fr. sain wholesome (L. sanus; see Sane.) + foin hay (L. faenum); or perh. fr. saint sacred (L. sanctus; see Saint) + foin hay.] (Bot.) (a) A leguminous plant ( Onobrychis sativa) cultivated for fodder. [Written also saintfoin.] (b) A kind of tick trefoil ( Desmodium Canadense). [Canada]

Saintdom
Saint´dom (-dum), n. The state or character of a saint. [R.] Tennyson.

Sainted
Saint´ed, a.
1. Consecrated; sacred; holy; pious. "A most sainted king." Shak.
"Amongst the enthroned gods on sainted seats." Milton.
2. Entered into heaven; — a euphemism for dead.

Saintess
Saint´ess, n. A female saint. [R.] Bp. Fisher.

Sainthood
Saint´hood, n.
1. The state of being a saint; the condition of a saint. Walpole.
2. The order, or united body, of saints; saints, considered collectively.
"It was supposed he felt no call to any expedition that might endanger the reign of the military sainthood." Sir W. Scott.

Saintish
Saint´ish, a. Somewhat saintlike; - - used ironically.

Saintism
Saint´ism, n. The character or quality of saints; also hypocritical pretense of holiness. Wood.

Saintlike
Saint´like, a. Resembling a saint; suiting a saint; becoming a saint; saintly.
"Glossed over only with a saintlike show." Dryden.

Saintliness
Saint´li•ness, n. Quality of being saintly.

Saintly
Saint´ly, a. [ Compar. Saintlier superl. Saintliest.] Like a saint; becoming a holy person.
"So dear to Heaven is saintly chastity." Milton.

Saintship
Saint´ship, n. The character or qualities of a saint.

Saint-Simonian
Saint•-Si•mo´ni•an, n. A follower of the Count de St. Simon, who died in 1825, and who maintained that the principle of property held in common, and the just division of the fruits of common labor among the members of society, are the true remedy for the social evils which exist. Brande & C.

Saint-Simonianism
Saint•-Si•mo´ni•an•ism, n. The principles, doctrines, or practice of the Saint-Simonians; — called also Saint- Simonism.

Saint-Simonism
Saint-Si´mon•ism, n. A system of socialism in which the state owns all the property and the laborer is entitled to share according to the quality and amount of his work, founded by Saint Simon (1760-1825). { Sak´i•eh, Sak´i•yeh }, n. } [Ar. saqiah canal, trench.] A kind of water wheel used in Egypt for raising water, from wells or pits, in buckets attached to its periphery or to an endless rope.

Saith, 3d pers. sing. pres. of Say. [Archaic]

Saiva
Sai´va, n. [Skr. çaiva devoted to Siva.] One of an important religious sect in India which regards Siva with peculiar veneration.

Saivism
Sai´vism, n. The worship of Siva.

Sajene
Sa•jene´, n. Same as Sagene.

Sakeret
Sa´ker•et (sa"ker•et), n. [F. sacret. See Saker.] (Zoöl.) The male of the saker (a).

Sakti
Sak´ti, n. [Skr.] (Hind. Myth.) The divine energy, personified as the wife of a deity (Brahma, Vishnu, Siva, etc.); the female principle.

Sal (sal), n. [Hind. sal, Skr. çala.] (Bot.) An East Indian timber tree ( Shorea robusta), much used for building purposes. It is of a light brown color, close-grained, heavy, and durable. [Written also saul.]

Sal (sal), n. [L. See Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.) Salt. Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an impure potassium carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood ( Artemisia Absinthium). — Sal acetosellae [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt of sorrel. — Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth. — Sal ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, a white crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste, obtained from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It is largely employed as a source of ammonia, as a reagent, and as an expectorant in bronchitis. So called because originally made from the soot from camel’s dung at the temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also muriate of ammonia. — Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts. — Sal culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium chloride. — Sal Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above. — Sal de duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.), potassium sulphate; — so called because erroneously supposed to be composed of two salts, one acid and one alkaline. — Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), potassium acetate. — Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium sulphate. — Sal gemmae [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring native. — Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride; — the alchemical name of tin being Jove. — Sal Martis [NL.] (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous sulphate; — the alchemical name of iron being Mars. — Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Microcosmic salt, under Microcosmic. — Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead. — Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under 1st Prunella. — Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead acetate; — the alchemical name of lead being Saturn. — Sal sedativus [NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric acid. — Sal Seignette [F. seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.), Rochelle salt. — Sal soda (Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium. — Sal vitrioli [NL.] (Old Chem.), white vitriol; zinc sulphate. — Sal volatile. [NL.] (a) (Chem.) See Sal ammoniac, above. (b) Spirits of ammonia.

Salability
Sal•a•bil´i•ty, n. The quality or condition of being salable; salableness. Duke of Argyll.

Salable
Sal´a•ble, a. [From Sale.] Capable of being sold; fit to be sold; finding a ready market. — Sal´a•ble•ness, n. — Sal´a•bly, adv.

Salad
Sal´ad (sal"ad), n. [F. salade, OIt. salata, It. insalata, fr. salare to salt, fr. L. sal salt. See Salt, and cf. Slaw.]
1. A preparation of vegetables, as lettuce, celery, water cress, onions, etc., usually dressed with salt, vinegar, oil, and spice, and eaten for giving a relish to other food; as lettuce salad; tomato salad, etc.
"Leaves eaten raw are termed salad." I. Watts.
2. A dish composed of chopped meat or fish, esp. chicken or lobster, mixed with lettuce or other vegetables, and seasoned with oil, vinegar, mustard, and other condiments; as chicken salad; lobster salad. Salad burnet (Bot.), the common burnet ( Poterium Sanguisorba), sometimes eaten as a salad in Italy.

Salaeratus
Sal•ae•ra´tus, n. See Saleratus.

Salam
Sa•lam (sa•läm"), n. [Ar. salam peace, safety.] A salutation or compliment of ceremony in the east by word or act; an obeisance, performed by bowing very low and placing the right palm on the forehead. [Written also salaam.]

Salamander
Sal´a•man•der, n. [F. salamandre, L. salamandra, Gr. ; cf. Per. samander, samandel.]
1. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of Urodela, belonging to Salamandra, Amblystoma, Plethodon, and various allied genera, especially those that are more or less terrestrial in their habits. The salamanders have, like lizards, an elongated body, four feet, and a long tail, but are destitute of scales. They are true Amphibia, related to the frogs. Formerly, it was a superstition that the salamander could live in fire without harm, and even extinguish it by the natural coldness of its body.
"I have maintained that salamander of yours with fire any time this two and thirty years." Shak.
"Whereas it is commonly said that a salamander extinguisheth fire, we have found by experience that on hot coals, it dieth immediately." Sir T. Browne.
2. (Zoöl.) The pouched gopher ( Geomys tuza) of the Southern United States.
3. A culinary utensil of metal with a plate or disk which is heated, and held over pastry, etc., to brown it.
4. A large poker. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
5. (Metal.) Solidified material in a furnace hearth. Giant salamander. (Zoöl.) See under Giant. — Salamander’shair or wool (Min.), a species of asbestus or mineral flax. [Obs.] Bacon.

Salamandrine
Sal•a•man´drine, a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a salamander; enduring fire. Addison.

Salamandroid
Sal•a•man´droid, a. [ Salamander + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Like or pertaining to the salamanders.

Salamandroidea
Sal•a•man•droi´de•a, n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) A division of Amphibia including the Salamanders and allied groups; the Urodela.

Salamstone
Sal´am•stone, n. (Min.) A kind of blue sapphire brought from Ceylon. Dana.

Salangana
Sa•lan´ga•na, n. The salagane.

Salaried
Sal´a•ried, a. Receiving a salary; paid by a salary; having a salary attached; as a salaried officer; a salaried office.

Salary
Sal´a•ry, a. [L. salarius.] Saline [Obs.]

Salary
Sal´a•ry, n. ; pl. Salaries (#). [F. salaire, L. salarium, originally, salt money, the money given to the Roman soldiers for salt, which was a part of their pay, fr. salarius belonging to salt, fr. sal salt. See Salt.] The recompense or consideration paid, or stipulated to be paid, to a person at regular intervals for services; fixed wages, as by the year, quarter, or month; stipend; hire.
"This is hire and salary, not revenge." Shak. Recompense for services paid at, or reckoned by, short intervals, as a day or week, is usually called wages.
Syn. — Stipend; pay; wages; hire; allowance.

Salary
Sal´a•ry v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Salaried p. pr. & vb. n. Salarying ] To pay, or agree to pay, a salary to; to attach salary to; as to salary a clerk; to salary a position.

Salebrous
Sal´e•brous, a. [L. salebrosus, fr. salebra a rugged road, fr. salire to leap.] Rough; rugged. [Obs.]

Salep
Sal´ep (sal"ep), n. [Ar. sahleb, perhaps a corruption of an Arabic word for fox, one Ar. name of the orchis signifying literally, fox’s testicles: cf. F. salep.] [Written also saleb, salop, and saloop.] The dried tubers of various species of Orchis, and Eulophia. It is used to make a nutritious beverage by treating the powdered preparation with hot water. U. S. Disp.

Saleratus
Sal•e•ra´tus, n. [NL. sal aëratus; — so called because it is a source of fixed air (carbon dioxide). See Sal, and and Aërated.] (Old Chem.) Aërated salt; a white crystalline substance having an alkaline taste and reaction, consisting of sodium bicarbonate (see under Sodium.) It is largely used in cooking, with sour milk (lactic acid) or cream of tartar as a substitute for yeast. It is also an ingredient of most baking powders, and is used in the preparation of effervescing drinks.

Saleswoman
Sales´wom•an, n. ; pl. Saleswomen . A woman whose occupation is to sell goods or merchandise.

Salework
Sale´work, n. Work or things made for sale; hence, work done carelessly or slightingly. Shak.

Salian
Sa´lian, a. Denoting a tribe of Franks who established themselves early in the fourth century on the river Sala [now Yssel]; Salic. — n. A Salian Frank.

Saliant
Sa´li•ant, a. (Her.) Same as Salient.

Salicaceous
Sal•i•ca´ceous (sal•i•ka"shus), a. [L. salix, -icis, the willow.] Belonging or relating to the willow.

Salicin
Sal´i•cin, n. [L. salix, - icis, a willow: cf. F. salicine. See Sallow the tree.] (Chem.) A glucoside found in the bark and leaves of several species of willow ( Salix) and poplar, and extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance.

Salicylal
Sal´i•cyl•al, n. [ Salicylic + a. dehide.] (Chem.) A thin, fragrant, colorless oil, HO.C₆H₄.CHO, found in the flowers of meadow sweet ( Spiraea), and also obtained by oxidation of salicin, saligenin, etc. It reddens on exposure. Called also salicylol, salicylic aldehyde, and formerly salicylous, or spiroylous, acid.

Salicylate
Sal´i•cyl•ate (-at), n. (Chem.) A salt of salicylic acid.

Salicylic
Sal•i•cyl´ic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid formerly obtained by fusing salicin with potassium hydroxide, and now made in large quantities from phenol (carbolic acid) by the action of carbon dioxide on heated sodium phenolate. It is a white crystalline substance. It is used as an antiseptic, and in its salts in the treatment of rheumatism. Called also hydroxybenzoic acid.

Salicylide
Sal´i•cyl•ide, n. [ Salicylic + anhydr ide.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance obtained by dehydration of salicylic acid.

Salicylite
Sal´i•cyl•ite, n. (Chem.) A compound of salicylal; — named after the analogy of a salt.

Salicylol
Sal´i•cyl•ol, n. [ Salicylic + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) Same as Salicylal.

Salience
Sa´li•ence, n. [See Salient.]
1. The quality or condition of being salient; a leaping; a springing forward; an assaulting.
2. The quality or state of projecting, or being projected; projection; protrusion. Sir W. Hamilton.

Salient
Sa´li•ent, a. [L. saliens, -entis, p. pr. of salire to leap; cf. F. saillant. See Sally, n. & v. i..]
1. Moving by leaps or springs; leaping; bounding; jumping. "Frogs and salient animals." Sir T. Browne.
2. Shooting out or up; springing; projecting.
"He had in himself a salient, living spring of generous and manly action." Burke.
3. Hence, figuratively, forcing itself on the attention; prominent; conspicuous; noticeable.
"He [Grenville] had neither salient traits, nor general comprehensiveness of mind." Bancroft.
4. (Math. & Fort.) Projecting outwardly; as a salient angle; — opposed to reëntering. See Illust. of Bastion.
5. (Her.) Represented in a leaping position; as a lion salient. Salient angle. See Salient, a. , 4. — Salient polygon (Geom.), a polygon all of whose angles are salient. — Salient polyhedron (Geom.), a polyhedron all of whose solid angles are salient.

Salient
Sa´li•ent, a. (Fort.) A salient angle or part; a projection.

Saliently
Sa´li•ent•ly, adv. In a salient manner.

Saliferous
Sa•lif´er•ous, a. [L. sal salt + -ferous.] Producing, or impregnated with, salt. Saliferous rocks (Geol.), the New Red Sandstone system of some geologists; — so called because, in Europe, this formation contains beds of salt. The saliferous beds of New York State belong largely to the Salina period of the Upper Silurian. See the Chart of Geology.

Salify
Sal´i•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Salified p. pr. & vb. n. Salifying ] [F. salifier; from L. sal salt + -ficare (only in comp.) to make. See -fy.] (Chem.) (a) To combine or impregnate with a salt. (b) To form a salt with; to convert into a salt; as to salify a base or an acid.

Saligot
Sal´i•got, n. [F.] (Bot.) The water chestnut ( Trapa natans).

Salimeter
Sal•im´e•ter, n. [L. sal salt + -meter.] An instrument for measuring the amount of salt present in any given solution. [Written also salometer.]

Salimetry
Sal•im´e•try, n. The art or process of measuring the amount of salt in a substance.

Salina
Sa•li´na, n. [Cf. L. salinae, pl., salt works, from sal salt. See Saline, a. ]
1. A salt marsh, or salt pond, inclosed from the sea.
2. Salt works.

Saline
Sa´line (? or 277), a. [F. salin, fr. L. sal salt: cf. L. salinae salt works, salinum saltcellar. See Salt.]
1. Consisting of salt, or containing salt; as saline particles; saline substances; a saline cathartic.
2. Of the quality of salt; salty; as a saline taste.

Saline
Sa´line (? or 277), n. [Cf. F. saline. See Saline, a. ] A salt spring; a place where salt water is collected in the earth.

Saline
Sal´ine, n.
1. (Chem.) A crude potash obtained from beet-root residues and other similar sources. [Written also salin.]
2. (Med. Chem.) A metallic salt; esp., a salt of potassium, sodium, lithium, or magnesium, used in medicine.

Salineness
Sa•line´ness, n. The quality or state of being salt; saltness.

Saliniferous
Sal•i•nif´er•ous, a. [ Saline + -ferous.] Same as Saliferous.

Salinity
Sa•lin´i•ty, n. Salineness. Carpenter.

Salinometer
Sal•i•nom´e•ter, n. [ Saline + -meter.] A salimeter.

Salinous
Sa•lin´ous, a. Saline. [Obs.]

Salique
Sal´ique, a. [F.] Salic. Shak.
"She fulmined out her scorn of laws salique." Tennyson.

Saliretin
Sal•i•re´tin, n. [ Saligenin + Gr. resin.] (Chem.) A yellow amorphous resinoid substance obtained by the action of dilute acids on saligenin.

Salisburia
Sal•is•bu´ri•a, n. [Named after R. A. Salisbury, an English botanist.] (Bot.) The ginkgo tree ( Ginkgo biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia).

Salite
Sal´ite, v. t. [L. salitus, p. p. of salire to salt, fr. sal salt.] To season with salt; to salt. [Obs.]

Salite
Sa´lite, n. [So called from Sala, a town in Sweden.] (Min.) A massive lamellar variety of pyroxene, of a dingy green color. [Written also sahlite.]

Saliva
Sa•li´va, n. [L.; cf. Gr. .] (Physiol.) The secretion from the salivary glands. In man the saliva is a more or less turbid and slighty viscid fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. The secretions from the individual salivary glands have their own special characteristics, and these are not the same in all animals. In man and many animals mixed saliva, i.e., saliva composed of the secretions of all three of the salivary glands, is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin.

Salival
Sa•li´val ( 277), a. Salivary.

Salivant
Sal´i•vant, a. [L. salivans, p. pr. of salivare. See Salivate.] Producing salivation.

Salivant
Sal´i•vant, n. That which produces salivation.

Salivary
Sal´i•va•ry, a. [L. salivarius slimy, clammy: cf. F. salivaire.] (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to saliva; producing or carrying saliva; as the salivary ferment; the salivary glands; the salivary ducts, etc.

Salivate
Sal´i•vate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Salivated p. pr. & vb. n. Salivating.] [L. salivatus, p. p. of salivare to salivate. See Saliva.] To produce an abnormal flow of saliva in; to produce salivation or ptyalism in, as by the use of mercury.

Salivous
Sa•li´vous, a. [L. salivosus: cf. F. saliveux.] Pertaining to saliva; of the nature of saliva.

Salix
Sa´lix, n. ; pl. Salices (#). [L., the willow.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of trees or shrubs including the willow, osier, and the like, growing usually in wet grounds. (b) A tree or shrub of any kind of willow.

Sallenders
Sal´len•ders, n. pl. [F. solandres, solandre.] (Far.) An eruption on the hind leg of a horse. [Written also sellanders, and sellenders.]
"On the inside of the hock, or a little below it, as well as at the bend of the knee, there is occasionally a scurfy eruption called "mallenders" in the fore leg, and "sallenders" in the hind leg." Youatt.

Sallet
Sal´let (sal"let), n. [F. salade, Sp. celada, or It. celata, fr. L. (cassis) caelata, fr. caelare, caelatum, to engrave in relief. So called from the figures engraved upon it.] A light kind of helmet, with or without a visor, introduced during the 15th century. [Written also salade.]
"Then he must have a sallet wherewith his head may be saved." Latimer. { Sal´let, Sal´let•ing }, n. Salad. [Obs.] Shak.

Salliance
Sal´li•ance, n. Salience. [Obs.]

Sallow
Sal´low (sal"lo), n. [OE. salwe, AS. sealh; akin to OHG. salaha, G. salweide, Icel. selja, L. salix, Ir. sail, saileach, Gael. seileach, W. helyg, Gr. "eli•kh.]
1. The willow; willow twigs. [Poetic] Tennyson.
"And bend the pliant sallow to a shield." Fawkes.
"The sallow knows the basketmaker’s thumb." Emerson.
2. (Bot.) A name given to certain species of willow, especially those which do not have flexible shoots, as Salix caprea, S. cinerea, etc. Sallow thorn (Bot.), a European thorny shrub ( Hippophae rhamnoides) much like an Elaeagnus. The yellow berries are sometimes used for making jelly, and the plant affords a yellow dye.

Sallow
Sal´low, a. [ Compar. Sallower superl. Sallowest.] [AS. salu; akin to D. zaluw, OHG. salo, Icel. sölr yellow.] Having a yellowish color; of a pale, sickly color, tinged with yellow; as a sallow skin. Shak.

Sallow
Sal´low, v. t. To tinge with sallowness. [Poetic]
"July breathes hot, sallows the crispy fields." Lowell.

Sallowish
Sal´low•ish, a. Somewhat sallow. Dickens.

Sallowness
Sal´low•ness, n. The quality or condition of being sallow. Addison.

Sally
Sal´ly (sal"ly), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Sallied (-lid); p. pr. & vb. n. Sallying.] [F. saillir, fr. L. salire to leap, spring, akin to Gr. "a•llesqai; cf. Skr. sr to go, to flow. Cf. Salient, Assail, Assault, Exult, Insult, Saltation, Saltire.] To leap or rush out; to burst forth; to issue suddenly; as a body of troops from a fortified place to attack besiegers; to make a sally.
"They break the truce, and sally out by night." Dryden.
"The foe retires, — she heads the sallying host." Byron.

Sally
Sal´ly, n. ; pl. Sallies (#). [F. saillie, fr. saillir. See Sally, v. ]
1. A leaping forth; a darting; a spring.
2. A rushing or bursting forth; a quick issue; a sudden eruption; specifically, an issuing of troops from a place besieged to attack the besiegers; a sortie.
"Sallies were made by the Spaniards, but they were beaten in with loss." Bacon.
3. An excursion from the usual track; range; digression; deviation.
"Every one shall know a country better that makes often sallies into it, and traverses it up and down, than he that … goes still round in the same track." Locke.
4. A flight of fancy, liveliness, wit, or the like; a flashing forth of a quick and active mind.
"The unaffected mirth with which she enjoyed his sallies." Sir W. Scott.
5. Transgression of the limits of soberness or steadiness; act of levity; wild gayety; frolic; escapade.
"The excursion was esteemed but a sally of youth." Sir H. Wotton.Sally port. (a) (Fort.) A postern gate, or a passage underground, from the inner to the outer works, to afford free egress for troops in a sortie. (b) (Naval) A large port on each quarter of a fireship, for the escape of the men into boats when the train is fired; a large port in an old-fashioned three-decker or a large modern ironclad.

Sally Lunn
Sal"ly Lunn" [From a woman, Sally Lunn, who is said to have first made the cakes, and sold them in the streets of Bath, Eng.] A tea cake slighty sweetened, and raised with yeast, baked in the form of biscuits or in a thin loaf, and eaten hot with butter.

Sallyman
Sal´ly•man, n. (Zoöl.) The velella; — called also saleeman.

Salm, n. Psalm. [Obs2E] Piers Plowman.

Salmagundi
Sal•ma•gun´di, n. [F. salmigondis, of uncertain origin; perhaps from L. salgama condita, pl.; salgama pickles + condita preserved (see Condite); or from the Countess Salmagondi, lady of honor to Maria de Medici, who is said to have invented it; or cf. It. salame salt meat, and F. salmis a ragout.]
1. A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herring, with oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions. Johnson.
2. Hence, a mixture of various ingredients; an olio or medley; a potpourri; a miscellany. W. Irving.

Salmon
Salm´on (sam"un), n. ; pl. Salmons (-unz) or ( collectively) Salmon. [OE. saumoun, salmon, F. saumon, fr. L. salmo, salmonis, perhaps from salire to leap. Cf. Sally, v. ]
1. (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of fishes of the genus Salmo and allied genera. The common salmon ( Salmo salar) of Northern Europe and Eastern North America, and the California salmon, or quinnat, are the most important species. They are extensively preserved for food. See Quinnat. The salmons ascend rivers and penetrate to their head streams to spawn. They are remarkably strong fishes, and will even leap over considerable falls which lie in the way of their progress. The common salmon has been known to grow to the weight of seventy-five pounds; more generally it is from fifteen to twenty-five pounds. Young salmon are called parr, peal, smolt, and grilse. Among the true salmons are: Black salmon, orLake salmon, the namaycush. — Dog salmon, a salmon of Western North America ( Oncorhynchus keta). — Humpbacked salmon, a Pacific-coast salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). — King salmon, the quinnat. — Landlocked salmon, a variety of the common salmon (var. Sebago), long confined in certain lakes in consequence of obstructions that prevented it from returning to the sea. This last is called also dwarf salmon. Among fishes of other families which are locally and erroneously called salmon are: the pike perch, called jack salmon; the spotted, or southern, squeteague; the cabrilla, called kelp salmon; young pollock, called sea salmon; and the California yellowtail.
2. A reddish yellow or orange color, like the flesh of the salmon. Salmon berry (Bot.), a large red raspberry growing from Alaska to California, the fruit of the Rubus Nutkanus. — Salmon killer (Zoöl.), a stickleback ( Gasterosteus cataphractus) of Western North America and Northern Asia. — Salmon ladder, Salmon stair. See Fish ladder, under Fish. — Salmon peel, a young salmon. — Salmon pipe, a certain device for catching salmon. Crabb. — Salmon trout. (Zoöl.) (a) The European sea trout ( Salmo trutta). It resembles the salmon, but is smaller, and has smaller and more numerous scales. (b) The American namaycush. (c) A name that is also applied locally to the adult black spotted trout ( Salmo purpuratus), and to the steel head and other large trout of the Pacific coast.

Salmon
Salm´on, a. Of a reddish yellow or orange color, like that of the flesh of the salmon.

Salmonet
Salm´on•et, n. [Cf. Samlet.] (Zoöl.) A salmon of small size; a samlet.

Salmonoid
Sal´mon•oid, a. [ Salmon + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Like, or pertaining to, the Salmonidae, a family of fishes including the trout and salmon. — n. Any fish of the family Salmonidae.

Salogen
Sal´o•gen, n. [L. sal salt + -gen.] (Chem.) A halogen. [Obs.]

Salol
Sal´ol, n. [ Salicylic + - ol.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance consisting of phenol salicylate.

salometer
sa•lom´e•ter, n. See Salimeter.

Salon
Sa•lon´, n. [F. See Saloon.] An apartment for the reception of company; hence, in the plural, fashionable parties; circles of fashionable society.

Salon
Sa•lon´, n. An apartment for the reception and exhibition of works of art; hence, an annual exhibition of paintings, sculptures, etc., held in Paris by the Society of French Artists; — sometimes called the Old Salon. New Salon is a popular name for an annual exhibition of paintings, sculptures, etc., held in Paris at the Champs de Mars, by the Societe Nationale des Beaux- Arts (National Society of Fine Arts), a body of artists who, in 1890, seceded from the Societe des Artistes Français (Society of French Artists).

Saloon
Sa•loon´ (sa•loon"), n. [F. salon (cf. It. salone), fr. F. salle a large room, a hall, of German or Dutch origin; cf. OHG. sal house, hall, G. saal; akin to AS. sael, sele, D. zaal, Icel. salr, Goth. saljan to dwell, and probably to L. solum ground. Cf. Sole of the foot, Soil ground, earth.]
1. A spacious and elegant apartment for the reception of company or for works of art; a hall of reception, esp. a hall for public entertainments or amusements; a large room or parlor; as the saloon of a steamboat.
"The gilden saloons in which the first magnates of the realm … gave banquets and balls." Macaulay.
2. Popularly, a public room for specific uses; esp., a barroom or grogshop; as a drinking saloon; an eating saloon; a dancing saloon.
"We hear of no hells, or low music halls, or low dancing saloons [at Athens.]" J. P. Mahaffy.

Salp (salp), n. (Zoöl.) Any species of Salpa, or of the family Salpidae.

Salpa
Sal´pa (sal"pa), n. ; pl. L. Salpae (-pe), E. Salpas (-paz). [NL.: cf. L. salpa a kind of stockfish.] (Zoöl.) A genus of transparent, tubular, free-swimming oceanic tunicates found abundantly in all the warmer latitudes. See Illustration in Appendix. Each species exists in two distinct forms, one of which lives solitary, and produces, by budding from an internal organ, a series of the other kind. These are united together, side by side, so as to form a chain, or cluster, often of large size. Each of the individuals composing the chain carries a single egg, which develops into the solitary kind. { Sal´pi•an, Sal´pid }, n. (Zoöl.) A salpa.

Salpicon
Sal´pi•con, n. [F. salpicon, Sp. salpicon.] Chopped meat, bread, etc., used to stuff legs of veal or other joints; stuffing; farce. Bacon.

Salpingitis
Sal•pin•gi´tis, n. [NL. See Salpinx, and -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the salpinx.

Salsafy
Sal´sa•fy, n. (Bot.) See Salsify.

Salse, n. [F.] A mud volcano, the water of which is often impregnated with salts, whence the name.

Salsify
Sal´si•fy ( 277), n. [F. salsifis.] (Bot.) See Oyster plant (a), under Oyster.

Salsoda
Sal•so´da, n. See Sal soda, under Sal.

Salt, n. [AS. sealt; akin to OS. & OFries. salt, D. zout, G. salz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. salt, L. sal, Gr., Russ. sole, Ir. & Gael. salann, W. halen, of unknown origin. Cf. Sal, Salad, Salary, Saline, Sauce, Sausage.]
1. The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning food, for the preservation of meat, etc. It is found native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation and crystallization, from sea water and other water impregnated with saline particles.
2. Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack; seasoning.
"Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen … we have some salt of our youth in us." Shak.
3. Hence, also piquancy; wit; sense; as Attic salt.
4. A dish for salt at table; a saltcellar.
"I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of silver salts." Pepys.
5. A sailor; — usually qualified by old. [Colloq.]
"Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and gossiping, clusters of old salts." Hawthorne.
6. (Chem.) The neutral compound formed by the union of an acid and a base; thus, sulphuric acid and iron form the salt sulphate of iron or green vitriol. Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking, it is the acid radical which unites with the base or basic radical, with the elimination of hydrogen, of water, or of analogous compounds as side products. In the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic and tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary in degree, producing respectively basic, neutral, or acid salts. See Phrases below.
7. Fig.: That which preserves from corruption or error; that which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also an allowance or deduction; as his statements must be taken with a grain of salt.
"Ye are the salt of the earth." Matt. v. 13.
8. pl. Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic, especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or Glauber’s salt.
9. pl. Marshes flooded by the tide. [Prov. Eng.] Above the salt, Below the salt, phrases which have survived the old custom, in the houses of people of rank, of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a long table, the places above which were assigned to the guests of distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors, and poor relations. See Saltfoot.
"His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is beneath him in clothes. He never drinks below the salt." B. Jonson. — Acid salt (Chem.) (a) A salt derived from an acid which has several replaceable hydrogen atoms which are only partially exchanged for metallic atoms or basic radicals; as acid potassium sulphate is an acid salt. (b) A salt, whatever its constitution, which merely gives an acid reaction; thus, copper sulphate, which is composed of a strong acid united with a weak base, is an acid salt in this sense, though theoretically it is a neutral salt. — Alkaline salt (Chem.), a salt which gives an alkaline reaction, as sodium carbonate. — Amphid salt (Old Chem.), a salt of the oxy type, formerly regarded as composed of two oxides, an acid and a basic oxide. [Obsolescent] — Basic salt (Chem.) (a) A salt which contains more of the basic constituent than is required to neutralize the acid. (b) An alkaline salt. — Binary salt (Chem.), a salt of the oxy type conveniently regarded as composed of two ingredients (analogously to a haloid salt), viz., a metal and an acid radical. — Double salt (Chem.), a salt regarded as formed by the union of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium sulphate. See under Double. — Epsom salts. See in the Vocabulary. — Essential salt (Old Chem.), a salt obtained by crystallizing plant juices. — Ethereal salt. (Chem.) See under Ethereal. — Glauber’s salt or salts. See in Vocabulary. — Haloid salt (Chem.), a simple salt of a halogen acid, as sodium chloride. — Microcosmic salt. (Chem.). See under Microcosmic. — Neutral salt. (Chem.) (a) A salt in which the acid and base (in theory) neutralize each other. (b) A salt which gives a neutral reaction. — Oxy salt (Chem.), a salt derived from an oxygen acid. — Per salt (Old Chem.), a salt supposed to be derived from a peroxide base or analogous compound. [Obs.] — Permanent salt, a salt which undergoes no change on exposure to the air. — Proto salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a protoxide base or analogous compound. — Rochelle salt. See under Rochelle. — Salt of amber (Old Chem.), succinic acid. — Salt of colcothar (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or sulphate of iron. — Salt of hartshorn. (Old Chem.) (a) Sal ammoniac, or ammonium chloride. (b) Ammonium carbonate. Cf. Spirit of hartshorn, under Hartshorn. — Salt of lemons. (Chem.) See Salt of sorrel, below. — Salt of Saturn (Old Chem.), sugar of lead; lead acetate; — the alchemical name of lead being Saturn. — Salt of Seignette. Same as Rochelle salt. — Salt of soda (Old Chem.), sodium carbonate. — Salt of sorrel (Old Chem.), acid potassium oxalate, or potassium quadroxalate, used as a solvent for ink stains; — so called because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also sometimes inaccurately called salt of lemon. — Salt of tartar (Old Chem.), potassium carbonate; — so called because formerly made by heating cream of tartar, or potassium tartrate. [Obs.] — Salt of Venus (Old Chem.), blue vitriol; copper sulphate; — the alchemical name of copper being Venus. — Salt of wisdom. See Alembroth. — Sedative salt (Old Med. Chem.), boric acid. — Sesqui salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a sesquioxide base or analogous compound. — Spirit of salt. (Chem.) See under Spirit. — Sulpho salt (Chem.), a salt analogous to an oxy salt, but containing sulphur in place of oxygen.

Salt, a. [ Compar. Salter superl. Saltest.] [AS. sealt, salt. See Salt, n. ]
1. Of or relating to salt; abounding in, or containing, salt; prepared or preserved with, or tasting of, salt; salted; as salt beef; salt water. "Salt tears." Chaucer.
2. Overflowed with, or growing in, salt water; as a salt marsh; salt grass.
3. Fig.: Bitter; sharp; pungent.
"I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me." Shak.
4. Fig.: Salacious; lecherous; lustful. Shak. Salt acid (Chem.), hydrochloric acid. — Salt block, an apparatus for evaporating brine; a salt factory. Knight. — Salt bottom, a flat piece of ground covered with saline efflorescences. [Western U.S.] Bartlett. — Salt cake (Chem.), the white caked mass, consisting of sodium sulphate, which is obtained as the product of the first stage in the manufacture of soda, according to Leblanc’s process. — Salt fish. (a) Salted fish, especially cod, haddock, and similar fishes that have been salted and dried for food. (b) A marine fish. — Salt garden, an arrangement for the natural evaporation of sea water for the production of salt, employing large shallow basins excavated near the seashore. — Salt gauge, an instrument used to test the strength of brine; a salimeter. — Salt horse, salted beef. [Slang] — Salt junk, hard salt beef for use at sea. [Slang] — Salt lick. See Lick, n. — Salt marsh, grass land subject to the overflow of salt water. — Salt-marsh caterpillar (Zoöl.), an American bombycid moth ( Spilosoma acraea which is very destructive to the salt-marsh grasses and to other crops. Called also woolly bear. See Illust. under Moth, Pupa, and Woolly bear, under Woolly. — Salt-marsh fleabane (Bot.), a strong-scented composite herb ( Pluchea camphorata) with rayless purplish heads, growing in salt marshes. — Salt-marsh hen (Zoöl.), the clapper rail. See under Rail. — Salt- marsh terrapin (Zoöl.), the diamond- back. — Salt mine, a mine where rock salt is obtained. — Salt pan. (a) A large pan used for making salt by evaporation; also a shallow basin in the ground where salt water is evaporated by the heat of the sun. (b) pl. Salt works. — Salt pit, a pit where salt is obtained or made. — Salt rising, a kind of yeast in which common salt is a principal ingredient. [U.S.] — Salt raker, one who collects salt in natural salt ponds, or inclosures from the sea. — Salt sedative (Chem.), boracic acid. [Obs.] — Salt spring, a spring of salt water. — Salt tree (Bot.), a small leguminous tree ( Halimodendron argenteum) growing in the salt plains of the Caspian region and in Siberia. — Salt water, water impregnated with salt, as that of the ocean and of certain seas and lakes; sometimes, also tears.
"Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see; And yet salt water blinds them not so much But they can see a sort of traitors here." Shak. — Salt-water sailor, an ocean mariner. — Salt-water tailor. (Zoöl.) See Bluefish.

Salt, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Salted; p. pr. & vb. n. Salting.]
1. To sprinkle, impregnate, or season with salt; to preserve with salt or in brine; to supply with salt; as to salt fish, beef, or pork; to salt cattle.
2. To fill with salt between the timbers and planks, as a ship, for the preservation of the timber. To salt a mine, to artfully deposit minerals in a mine in order to deceive purchasers regarding its value. [Cant] — To salt away, To salt down, to prepare with, or pack in, salt for preserving, as meat, eggs, etc.; hence, colloquially, to save, lay up, or invest sagely, as money.

Salt, v. i. To deposit salt as a saline solution; as the brine begins to salt.

Salt, n. [L. saltus, fr. salire to leap.] The act of leaping or jumping; a leap. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Salt rheum
Salt" rheum (Med.) A popular name, esp. in the United States, for various cutaneous eruptions, particularly for those of eczema. See Eczema.

Saltatoria
Sal•ta•to´ri•a, n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) A division of Orthoptera including grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets.

Saltatorial
Sal•ta•to´ri•al, a.
1. Relating to leaping; saltatory; as saltatorial exercises.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) Same as Saltatorious. (b) Of or pertaining to the Saltatoria.

Saltatory
Sal´ta•to´ry, a. [L. saltatorius. See Saltant, and cf. Saltire.] Leaping or dancing; having the power of, or used in, leaping or dancing. Saltatory evolution (Biol.), a theory of evolution which holds that the transmutation of species is not always gradual, but that there may come sudden and marked variations. See Saltation. — Saltatory spasm (Med.), an affection in which pressure of the foot on a floor causes the patient to spring into the air, so as to make repeated involuntary motions of hopping and jumping. J. Ross.

Saltcat
Salt´cat, n. A mixture of salt, coarse meal, lime, etc., attractive to pigeons.

Saltcellar
Salt´cel•lar, n. [OE. saltsaler; salt + F. salière saltcellar, from L. sal salt. See Salt, and cf. Salary.] Formerly a large vessel, now a small vessel of glass or other material, used for holding salt on the table.

Saltern
Salt´ern, n. A building or place where salt is made by boiling or by evaporation; salt works.

Saltfoot
Salt´foot, n. A large saltcellar formerly placed near the center of the table. The superior guests were seated above the saltfoot.

Salt-green
Salt´-green, a. Sea-green in color. Shak.

Saltie
Salt´ie, n. (Zoöl.) The European dab.

Saltier
Sal´tier, n. See Saltire.

Saltimbanco
Sal•tim•ban´co, n. [It., literally, one who leaps or mounts upon a bench; saltare to leap + in in, upon + banco a bench.] A mountebank; a quack. [Obs.] [Written also santinbanco.]
"Saltimbancos, quacksalvers, and charlatans." Sir T. Browne.

Salting
Salt´ing, n.
1. The act of sprinkling, impregnating, or furnishing, with salt.
2. A salt marsh.

Saltire
Sal´tire, n. [F. sautoir, fr. LL. saltatorium a sort of stirrup, fr. L. saltatorius saltatory. See Saltatory, Sally, v. ] (Her.) A St. Andrew’s cross, or cross in the form of an X, — one of the honorable ordinaries.

Saltish
Salt´ish, a. Somewhat salt. — Salt´ish•ly, adv. — Salt´ish•ness, n.

Saltless
Salt´less, a. Destitute of salt; insipid.

Saltly
Salt´ly, adv. With taste of salt; in a salt manner.

Saltmouth
Salt´mouth, n. A wide-mouthed bottle with glass stopper for holding chemicals, especially crystallized salts.

Saltness
Salt´ness, n. The quality or state of being salt, or state of being salt, or impregnated with salt; salt taste; as the saltness of sea water. { Salt•pe´ter, Salt•pe´tre },, n. [F. salpêtre, NL. sal petrae, literally, rock salt, or stone salt; so called because it exudes from rocks or walls. See Salt, and Petrify.] (Chem.) Potassium nitrate; niter; a white crystalline substance, KNO₃, having a cooling saline taste, obtained by leaching from certain soils in which it is produced by the process of nitrification (see Nitrification, 2). It is a strong oxidizer, is the chief constituent of gunpowder, and is also used as an antiseptic in curing meat, and in medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and refrigerant. Chili salpeter (Chem.), sodium nitrate (distinguished from potassium nitrate, or true salpeter), a white crystalline substance, NaNO₃, having a cooling, saline, slightly bitter taste. It is obtained by leaching the soil of the rainless districts of Chili and Peru. It is deliquescent and cannot be used in gunpowder, but is employed in the production of nitric acid. Called also cubic niter. — Saltpeter acid (Chem.), nitric acid; — sometimes so called because made from saltpeter.

Saltwort
Salt´wort, n. (Bot.) A name given to several plants which grow on the seashore, as the Batis maritima, and the glasswort. See Glasswort. Black saltwort, the sea milkwort.

Salubrious
Sa•lu´bri•ous, a. [L. salubris, or saluber, fr. salus health; akin to salvus safe, sound, well. See Safe.] Favorable to health; healthful; promoting health; as salubrious air, water, or climate.
Syn. — Healthful; wholesome; healthy; salutary. — Sa-lu´bri•ous•ly, adv. — Sa•lu´bri•ous•ness, n.

Salutatorily
Sa•lu´ta•to•ri•ly, adv. By way of salutation.

Salutatory
Sa•lu´ta•to•ry, a. [L. salutatorius. See Salute.] Containing or expressing salutations; speaking a welcome; greeting; — applied especially to the oration which introduces the exercises of the Commencements, or similar public exhibitions, in American colleges.

Salutatory
Sa•lu´ta•to•ry, n.
1. A place for saluting or greeting; a vestibule; a porch. [Obs.] Milton.
2. (American Colleges) The salutatory oration.

Salute
Sa•lute´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Saluted; p. pr. & vb. n. Saluting.] [L. salutare, salutatum, from salus, -utis, health, safety. See Salubrious.]
1. To address, as with expressions of kind wishes and courtesy; to greet; to hail.
"I salute you with this kingly title." Shak.
2. Hence, to give a sign of good will; to compliment by an act or ceremony, as a kiss, a bow, etc.
"You have the prettiest tip of a finger … I must take the freedom to salute it." Addison.
3. (Mil. & Naval) To honor, as some day, person, or nation, by a discharge of cannon or small arms, by dipping colors, by cheers, etc.
4. To promote the welfare and safety of; to benefit; to gratify. [Obs.] "If this salute my blood a jot." Shak.

Salute
Sa•lute´, n. [Cf. F. salut. See Salute, v. ]
1. The act of saluting, or expressing kind wishes or respect; salutation; greeting.
2. A sign, token, or ceremony, expressing good will, compliment, or respect, as a kiss, a bow, etc. Tennyson.
3. (Mil. & Naval) A token of respect or honor for some distinguished or official personage, for a foreign vessel or flag, or for some festival or event, as by presenting arms, by a discharge of cannon, volleys of small arms, dipping the colors or the topsails, etc.

Salutiferous
Sal•u•tif´er•ous, a. [L. salutifer; salus, -utis, health + ferre to bring.] Bringing health; healthy; salutary; beneficial; as salutiferous air. [R.]
"Innumerable powers, all of them salutiferous." Cudworth.
Syn. — Healthful; healthy; salutary; salubrious.

Salutiferously
Sal•u•tif´er•ous•ly, adv. Salutarily. [R.]

Salvability
Sal•va•bil´i•ty, n. The quality or condition of being salvable; salvableness. [R.]
"In the Latin scheme of redemption, salvability was not possible outside the communion of the visible organization." A. V. G. Allen.

Salvable
Sal´va•ble, a. [L. salvare to save, from salvus safe. Cf. Savable.] Capable of being saved; admitting of salvation. Dr. H. More. — Sal´va•ble•ness, n. — Sal´va•bly, adv.

Salvation
Sal•va´tion, n. [OE. salvacioun, sauvacion, F. salvation, fr. L. salvatio, fr. salvare to save. See Save.]
1. The act of saving; preservation or deliverance from destruction, danger, or great calamity.
2. (Theol.) The redemption of man from the bondage of sin and liability to eternal death, and the conferring on him of everlasting happiness.
"To earn salvation for the sons of men." Milton.
"Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation." 2. Cor. vii. 10.
3. Saving power; that which saves.
"Fear ye not; stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord, which he will show to you to-day." Ex. xiv. 13.Salvation Army, an organization for prosecuting the work of Christian evangelization, especially among the degraded populations of cities. It is virtually a new sect founded in London in 1861 by William Booth. The evangelists, male and female, have military titles according to rank, that of the chief being "General." They wear a uniform, and in their phraseology and mode of work adopt a quasi military style.

Salvatory
Sal´va•to•ry, n. [LL. salvatorium, fr. salvare to save.] A place where things are preserved; a repository. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

Salve
Sal´ve, interj. [L., hail, God save you, imperat. of salvere to be well. Cf. Salvo a volley.] Hail!

Salve
Sal´ve, v. t. To say "Salve" to; to greet; to salute. [Obs.]
"By this that stranger knight in presence came, And goodly salved them." Spenser.

Salve ( 277), n. [AS. sealf ointment; akin to LG. salwe, D. zalve, zalf, OHG. salba, Dan. salve, Sw. salfva, Goth. salbon to anoint, and probably to Gr. (Hesychius) oil, butter, Skr. sarpis clarified butter. rad.155, 291.]
1. An adhesive composition or substance to be applied to wounds or sores; a healing ointment. Chaucer.
2. A soothing remedy or antidote.
"Counsel or consolation we may bring. Salve to thy sores." Milton. Salve bug (Zoöl.), a large, stout isopod crustacean ( AEga psora), parasitic on the halibut and codfish, — used by fishermen in the preparation of a salve. It becomes about two inches in length.

Salve, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Salved p. pr. & vb. n. Salving.] [AS. sealfian to anoint. See Salve, n. ]
1. To heal by applications or medicaments; to cure by remedial treatment; to apply salve to; as to salve a wound. Shak.
2. To heal; to remedy; to cure; to make good; to soothe, as with an ointment, especially by some device, trick, or quibble; to gloss over.
"But Ebranck salved both their infamies With noble deeds." Spenser.
"What may we do, then, to salve this seeming inconsistence?" Milton.

Salve, v. t. & i. [See Salvage] To save, as a ship or goods, from the perils of the sea. [Recent]

Salvo
Sal´vo, n. ; pl. Salvos (#). [L. salvo jure, literally, the right being reserved. See Safe.] An exception; a reservation; an excuse.
"They admit many salvos, cautions, and reservations." Eikon Basilike.

Salvo
Sal´vo, n. [F. salve a discharge of heavy cannon, a volley, L. salve hail, imperat. of salvere to be well, akin to salvus well. See Safe.]
1. (Mil.) A concentrated fire from pieces of artillery, as in endeavoring to make a break in a fortification; a volley.
2. A salute paid by a simultaneous, or nearly simultaneous, firing of a number of cannon.

Samara
Sa•ma´ra, n. [L. samara, samera, the seed of the elm.] (Bot.) A dry, indehiscent, usually one-seeded, winged fruit, as that of the ash, maple, and elm; a key or key fruit.

Samare
Sam´are, n. See Simar.

Samarium
Sa•ma´ri•um, n. [NL., fr. E. samarskite.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of doubtful identity. Samarium was discovered, by means of spectrum analysis, in certain minerals ( samarskite, cerite, etc.), in which it is associated with other elements of the earthy group. It has been confounded with the doubtful elements decipium, philippium, etc., and is possibly a complex mixture of elements not as yet clearly identified. Symbol Sm. Provisional atomic weight 150.2.

Samaroid
Sam´a•roid ( 277), a. [ Samara + -oid.] (Bot.) Resembling a samara, or winged seed vessel.

Samarra
Sa•mar´ra, n. See Simar.

Sambo
Sam´bo, n. [Sp. zambo, sambo.] A colloquial or humorous appellation for a negro; sometimes, the offspring of a black person and a mulatto; a zambo.

Sambo
Sam´bo, n. [Sp. zambo bandy- legged, the child of a negro and an Indian; prob. of African origin.]
1. A negro; sometimes, the offspring of a black person and a mulatto. [Colloq. or Humorous]
2. In Central America, an Indian and negro half-breed, or mixed blood.

Samboo
Sam´boo, n. (Zoöl.) Same as Sambur.

Sambuke
Sam´buke, n. [L. sambuca, Gr. .] (Mus.) An ancient stringed instrument used by the Greeks, the particular construction of which is unknown.

Sambur
Sam´bur, n. [Hind. sambar, sabar.] (Zoöl.) An East Indian deer ( Rusa Aristotelis) having a mane on its neck. Its antlers have but three prongs. Called also gerow. The name is applied to other species of the genus Rusa, as the Bornean sambur ( R. equina).

Same, a. [AS. same, adv.; akin to OS. sama, samo, adv., OHG. sam, a., sama, adv., Icel. samr, a., Sw. samme, samma, Dan. samme, Goth. sama, Russ. samuii, Gr., Skr. sama, Gr. like, L. simul at the same time, similis like, and E. some, a., -some. rad.191. Cf. Anomalous, Assemble, Homeopathy, Homily, Seem, v. i., Semi-, Similar, Some.]
1. Not different or other; not another or others; identical; unchanged.
"Thou art the same, and thy years shall have no end." Ps. cii. 27.
2. Of like kind, species, sort, dimensions, or the like; not differing in character or in the quality or qualities compared; corresponding; not discordant; similar; like.
"The ethereal vigor is in all the same." Dryden.
3. Just mentioned, or just about to be mentioned.
"What ye know, the same do I know." Job. xiii. 2.
"Do but think how well the same he spends, Who spends his blood his country to relieve." Daniel. Same is commonly preceded by the, this, or that and is often used substantively as in the citations above. In a comparative use it is followed by a. or with.
"Bees like the same odors as we do." Lubbock.
"[He] held the same political opinions with his illustrious friend." Macaulay.

Sameness
Same´ness, n.
1. The state of being the same; identity; absence of difference; near resemblance; correspondence; similarity; as a sameness of person, of manner, of sound, of appearance, and the like. "A sameness of the terms." Bp. Horsley.
2. Hence, want of variety; tedious monotony.
Syn. — Identity; identicalness; oneness.

Samette
Sa•mette´, n. See Samite. [Obs.]

Samiel
Sa´mi•el ( 277), n. [Turk. sam- yeli; Ar. samm poison + Turk. yel wind. Cf. Simoom.] A hot and destructive wind that sometimes blows, in Turkey, from the desert. It is identical with the simoom of Arabia and the kamsin of Syria.

Samisen
Sam´i•sen, n. [Jap.] (Mus.) A Japanese musical instrument with three strings, resembling a guitar or banjo.

Samite
Sa´mite, a. [OF. samit, LL. samitum, examitum, from LGr., woven with six threads; Gr. six + a thread. See Six, and cf. Dimity.] A species of silk stuff, or taffeta, generally interwoven with gold. Tennyson.
"In silken samite she was light arrayed." Spenser.

Samoan
Sa•mo´an, a. Of or pertaining to the Samoan Islands (formerly called Navigators’ Islands) in the South Pacific Ocean, or their inhabitants. — n. An inhabitant of the Samoan Islands.

Samovar
Sa´mo•var, n. [Russ. samovar’.] A metal urn used in Russia for making tea. It is filled with water, which is heated by charcoal placed in a pipe, with chimney attached, which passes through the urn.

Samoyedes
Sam•oy•edes´, n. pl.; sing. Samoyede . (Ethnol.) An ignorant and degraded Turanian tribe which occupies a portion of Northern Russia and a part of Siberia.

Samp, n. [From American Indian sapac, saupac, made soft, or thinned.] An article of food consisting of maize broken or bruised, which is cooked by boiling, and usually eaten with milk; coarse hominy.

Samp, n. [Massachusetts Indian nasàump unparched meal porridge.] An article of food consisting of maize broken or bruised, which is cooked by boiling, and usually eaten with milk; coarse hominy. [U. S.]

Sampan
Sam´pan, n. (Naut.) A Chinese boat from twelve to fifteen feet long, covered with a house, and sometimes used as a permanent habitation on the inland waters. [Written also sanpan.]

Samphire
Sam´phire (? or 277), n. [F. l’herbe de Saint Pierre. See Saint, and Petrel.] (Bot.) (a) A fleshy, suffrutescent, umbelliferous European plant ( Crithmum maritimum). It grows among rocks and on cliffs along the seacoast, and is used for pickles.
"Hangs one that gathers samphire, dreadful trade!" Shak. (b) The species of glasswort ( Salicornia herbacea); — called in England marsh samphire. (c) A seashore shrub ( Borrichia arborescens) of the West Indies. Golden samphire. See under Golden.

Sampler
Sam´pler, n. [See Exampler, Exemplar.]
1. One who makes up samples for inspection; one who examines samples, or by samples; as a wool sampler.
2. A pattern; a specimen; especially, a collection of needlework patterns, as letters, borders, etc., to be used as samples, or to display the skill of the worker.
"Susie dear, bring your sampler and Mrs. Schumann will show you how to make that W you bothered over." E. E. Hale.

Samson
Sam´son, n. An Israelite of Bible record (see Judges xiii. ), distinguished for his great strength; hence, a man of extraordinary physical strength. Samson post. (a) (Naut.) A strong post resting on the keelson, and supporting a beam of the deck; also a temporary or movable pillar carrying a leading block or pulley for various purposes. Brande & C. (b) In deep-well boring, the post which supports the walking beam of the apparatus.

Samurai
Sa´mu•rai, n. pl. & sing. [Jap.] In the former feudal system of Japan, the class or a member of the class, of military retainers of the daimios, constituting the gentry or lesser nobility. They possessed power of life and death over the commoners, and wore two swords as their distinguishing mark. Their special rights and privileges were abolished with the fall of feudalism in 1871.

San Jose scale
San Jo•se" scale A very destructive scale insect ( Aspidiotus perniciosus) that infests the apple, pear, and other fruit trees. So called because first introduced into the United States at San Jose, California.

Sanability
San•a•bil´i•ty, n. The quality or state of being sanable; sanableness; curableness.

Sanable
San´a•ble, a. [L. sanabilis, fr. sanare to heal, fr. sanus sound, healthy. See Sane.] Capable of being healed or cured; susceptible of remedy.
Syn. — Remediable; curable; healable.

Sanation
Sa•na´tion, n. [L. sanatio. See Sanable.] The act of healing or curing. [Obs.] Wiseman.

Sanatorium
San•a•to´ri•um, n. [NL. See Sanatory.] An establishment for the treatment of the sick; a resort for invalids. See Sanitarium.