Job (job), n. [Prov. E. job, gob, n. , a small piece of wood, v., to stab, strike; cf. E. gob, gobbet; perh. influenced by E. chop to cut off, to mince. See Gob.]
1. A sudden thrust or stab; a jab.
2. A piece of chance or occasional work; any definite work undertaken in gross for a fixed price; as he did the job for a thousand dollars.
3. A public transaction done for private profit; something performed ostensibly as a part of official duty, but really for private gain; a corrupt official business.
4. Any affair or event which affects one, whether fortunately or unfortunately. [Colloq.]
5. A situation or opportunity of work; as he lost his job. [Colloq.] Job is used adjectively to signify doing jobs, used for jobs, or let on hire to do jobs; as job printer; job master; job horse; job wagon, etc. By the job, at a stipulated sum for the work, or for each piece of work done; — distinguished from time work; as the house was built by the job. — Job lot, a quantity of goods, usually miscellaneous, sold out of the regular course of trade, at a certain price for the whole; as these articles were included in a job lot. — Job master, one who lest out horses and carriages for hire, as for family use. [Eng.] — Job printer, one who does miscellaneous printing, esp. circulars, cards, billheads, etc. — Odd job, miscellaneous work of a petty kind; occasional work, of various kinds, or for various people.

Job (job), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jobbed (jobd); p. pr. & vb. n. Jobbing.]
1. To strike or stab with a pointed instrument. L’Estrange.
2. To thrust in, as a pointed instrument. Moxon.
3. To do or cause to be done by separate portions or lots; to sublet (work); as to job a contract.
4. (Com.) To buy and sell, as a broker; to purchase of importers or manufacturers for the purpose of selling to retailers; as to job goods.
5. To hire or let by the job or for a period of service; as to job a carriage. Thackeray.

Job, v. i.
1. To do chance work for hire; to work by the piece; to do petty work.
"Authors of all work, to job for the season." Moore.
2. To seek private gain under pretense of public service; to turn public matters to private advantage.
"And judges job, and bishops bite the town." Pope.
3. To carry on the business of a jobber in merchandise or stocks.

Job (job), n. The hero of the book of that name in the Old Testament; the typical patient man. Job’s comforter. (a) A false friend; a tactless or malicious person who, under pretense of sympathy, insinuates rebukes. (b) A boil. [Colloq.] — Job’s news, bad news. Carlyle. — Job’s tears (Bot.), a kind of grass ( Coix Lacryma), with hard, shining, pearly grains.

Jobation
Jo•ba´tion, n. [Prov. E. job to scold, to reprove, perh. fr. Job, the proper name.] A scolding; a hand, tedious reproof. [Low] Grose.

Jobber
Job´ber, n.
1. One who works by the job.
2. A dealer in the public stocks or funds; a stockjobber. [Eng.]
3. One who buys goods from importers, wholesalers, or manufacturers, and sells to retailers.
4. One who turns official or public business to private advantage; hence, one who performs low or mercenary work in office, politics, or intrigue.

Jobbernowl
Job´ber•nowl, n. [OE. jobbernoule, fr. jobarde a stupid fellow; cf. E. noll.] A blockhead. [Colloq. & Obs.] H. Taylor.

Jobbery
Job´ber•y, n.
1. The act or practice of jobbing.
2. Underhand management; official corruption; as municipal jobbery. Mayhew.

Jobbing
Job´bing, a.
1. Doing chance work or odd jobs; as a jobbing carpenter.
2. Using opportunities of public service for private gain; as a jobbing politician. London Sat. Rev.Jobbing house, a mercantile establishment which buys from importers, wholesalers or manufacturers, and sells to retailers. [U.S.]

Jocantry
Jo´cant•ry, n. [L. jocans, p. pr. of jocare to jest, fr. jocus a jest.] The act or practice of jesting. [Obs.]

Jockey
Jock´ey, n. ; pl. Jockeys (#). [Dim. of Jack, Scot. Jock; orig., a boy who rides horses. See 2d Jack.]
1. A professional rider of horses in races. Addison.
2. A dealer in horses; a horse trader. Macaulay.
3. A cheat; one given to sharp practice in trade.

Jockey
Jock´ey, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jockeyed p. pr. & vb. n. Jockeying.]
1. " To jostle by riding against one." Johnson.
2. To play the jockey toward; to cheat; to trick; to impose upon in trade; as to jockey a customer.

Jockey
Jock´ey, v. i. To play or act the jockey; to cheat.

Jockeying
Jock´ey•ing, n. The act or management of one who jockeys; trickery. Beaconsfield.

Jockeyism
Jock´ey•ism, n. The practice of jockeys.

Jockeyship
Jock´ey•ship, n. The art, character, or position, of a jockey; the personality of a jockey.
"Go flatter Sawney for his jockeyship." Chatterton.
"Where can at last his jockeyship retire?" Cowper.

Jocose
Jo•cose´, a. [L jocosus, fr. jocus joke. See Joke.] Given to jokes and jesting; containing a joke, or abounding in jokes; merry; sportive; humorous.
"To quit their austerity and be jocose and pleasant with an adversary." Shaftesbury.
"All … jocose or comical airs should be excluded." I. Watts.
Syn. — Jocular; facetious; witty; merry; pleasant; waggish; sportive; funny; comical. — Jo•cose´ly, adv. — Jo•cose´ness, n.
"Spondanus imagines that Ulysses may possibly speak jocosely, but in truth Ulysses never behaves with levity." Broome.
"He must beware lest his letter should contain anything like jocoseness; since jesting is incompatible with a holy and serious life." Buckle.

Jocosity
Jo•cos´i•ty, n. A jocose act or saying; jocoseness. Sir T. Browne.

Jocular
Joc´u•lar, a. [L. jocularis, fr. joculus, dim. of jocus joke. See Joke.]
1. Given to jesting; jocose; as a jocular person.
2. Sportive; merry. "Jocular exploits." Cowper.
"The style is serious and partly jocular." Dryden.

Jocularly
Joc´u•lar•ly, adv. In jest; for sport or mirth; jocosely.

Joculary
Joc´u•la•ry, a. [L. jocularius. Cf. Jocular.] Jocular; jocose; sportive. Bacon.

Jocund
Joc´und, [L. jocundus, jucundus, orig., helpful, fr. juvare to help. See Aid.] Merry; cheerful; gay; airy; lively; sportive.
"Night’s candles are burnt out, and jocund day Stands tiptoe on the misty mountain tops." Shak.
"Rural sports and jocund strains." Prior. — Joc´und•ly (#), adv. — Joc´und•ness, n.

Jocund
Joc´und, adv. Merrily; cheerfully. Gray.

Jocundity
Jo•cun´di•ty, n. [L. jocunditas jucunditas. See Jocund, and cf. Jucundity.] The state or quality of being jocund; gayety; sportiveness.

Joe-Pye weed
Joe•-Pye" weed (Bot.) A tall composite plant of the genus Eupatorium ( E. purpureum), with purplish flowers, and whorled leaves.

Jog (jog), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jogged (jogd); p. pr. & vb. n. Jogging (-ging).] [OE. joggen; cf. W. gogi to shake, and also E. shog, shock, v.]
1. To push or shake with the elbow or hand; to jostle; esp., to push or touch, in order to give notice, to excite one’s attention, or to warn.
"Now leaps he upright, jogs me, and cries: Do you see Yonder well-favored youth?" Donne.
"Sudden I jogged Ulysses, who was laid Fast by my side." Pope.
2. To suggest to; to notify; to remind; to call the attention of; as to jog the memory.
3. To cause to jog; to drive at a jog, as a horse. See Jog, v. i.

Jog, v. i. To move by jogs or small shocks, like those of a slow trot; to move slowly, leisurely, or monotonously; — usually with on, sometimes with over.
"Jog on, jog on, the footpath way." Shak.
"So hung his destiny, never to rot, While he might still jog on and keep his trot." Milton.
"The good old ways our sires jogged safely over." R. Browning.

Jog, n.
1. A slight shake; a shake or push intended to give notice or awaken attention; a push; a jolt.
"To give them by turns an invisible jog." Swift.
2. A rub; a slight stop; an obstruction; hence, an irregularity in motion of from; a hitch; a break in the direction of a line or the surface of a plane. Glanvill. Jog trot, a slow, regular, jolting gait; hence, a routine habit or method, persistently adhered to. T. Hook.

Jogger
Jog´ger, n. One who jogs. Dryden.

Jogging
Jog´ging, n. The act of giving a jog or jogs; traveling at a jog.

Joggle
Jog´gle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Joggled p. pr. & vb. n. Joggling ] [Freq. of jog.]
1. To shake slightly; to push suddenly but slightly, so as to cause to shake or totter; to jostle; to jog.
2. (Arch.) To join by means of joggles, so as to prevent sliding apart; sometimes, loosely, to dowel.
"The struts of a roof are joggled into the truss posts." Gwilt.

Joggle
Jog´gle, v. i. To shake or totter; to slip out of place.

Joggle
Jog´gle, n. [Arch.] A notch or tooth in the joining surface of any piece of building material to prevent slipping; sometimes, but incorrectly, applied to a separate piece fitted into two adjacent stones, or the like. Joggle joint (Arch.), a joint in any kind of building material, where the joining surfaces are made with joggles.

Johannean
Jo•han•ne´an (jo•han•ne"an), a. Of or pertaining to John, esp. to the Apostle John or his writings. M. Stuart.

Johannes
Jo•han´nes (jo•han"nez), n. [NL., fr. Gr., Heb. Yehokhanan, Yokhanan, i. e., one whom Jehovah has blessed; hence F. Jean, E. John.] (Numis.) A Portuguese gold coin of the value of eight dollars, named from the figure of King John which it bears; — often contracted into joe; as a joe, or a half joe.

Johannisberger
Jo•han´nis•ber•ger, n. [G.] A fine white wine produced on the estate of Schloss (or Castle) Johannisberg, on the Rhine.

John (jon), n. [See Johannes.] A proper name of a man. John-apple, a sort of apple ripe about St. John’s Day. Same as Apple-john. — John Bull, an ideal personification of the typical characteristics of an Englishman, or of the English people. — John Bullism, English character. W. Irving. — John Doe (Law), the name formerly given to the fictitious plaintiff in an action of ejectment. Mozley & W. — John Doree, John Dory. [ John (or F. jaune yellow) + Doree, Dory.] (Zoöl.) An oval, compressed, European food fish ( Zeus faber). Its color is yellow and olive, with golden, silvery, and blue reflections. It has a round dark spot on each side. Called also dory, doree, and St. Peter’s fish.

Johnny
John´ny, n. ; pl. Johnnies .
1. A familiar diminutive of John.
2. (Zoöl.) A sculpin. [Local cant] Johny Crapaud, a jocose designation of a Frenchman, or of the French people, collectively.

Johnson grass
John"son grass [Named after W. Johnson of Alabama, who planted it about 1840-1845.] (Bot.) A tall perennial grass ( Sorghum Halepense), valuable in the Southern and Western States for pasture and hay. The rootstocks are large and juicy and are eagerly sought by swine. Called also Cuba grass, Means grass, Evergreen millet, and Arabian millet.

Johnsonese
John•son•ese´, n. The literary style of Dr. Samuel Johnson, or one formed in imitation of it; an inflated, stilted, or pompous style, affecting classical words. E. Everett.

Johnsonian
John•so´ni•an, a. Pertaining to or resembling Dr. Johnson or his style; pompous; inflated.

Johnsonianism
John•so´ni•an•ism, n. A manner of acting or of writing peculiar to, or characteristic of, Dr. Johnson. [Written also Johnsonism.]

Join (join), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Joined p. pr. & vb. n. Joining.] [OE. joinen, joignen, F. joindre, fr. L. jungere to yoke, bind together, join; akin to jugum yoke. See Yoke, and cf. Conjugal, Junction, Junta.]
1. To bring together, literally or figuratively; to place in contact; to connect; to couple; to unite; to combine; to associate; to add; to append.
"Woe unto them that join house to house." Is. v. 8.
"Held up his left hand, which did flame and burn Like twenty torches joined." Shak.
"Thy tuneful voice with numbers join." Dryden.
2. To associate one’s self to; to be or become connected with; to league one’s self with; to unite with; as to join a party; to join the church.
"We jointly now to join no other head." Dryden.
3. To unite in marriage.
"He that joineth his virgin in matrimony." Wyclif.
"What, therefore, God hath joined together, let not man put asunder." Matt. xix. 6.
4. To enjoin upon; to command. [Obs. & R.]
"They join them penance, as they call it." Tyndale.
5. To accept, or engage in, as a contest; as to join encounter, battle, issue. Milton. To join battle, To join issue. See under Battle, Issue.
Syn. — To add; annex; unite; connect; combine; consociate; couple; link; append. See Add.

Join, v. i. To be contiguous, close, or in contact; to come together; to unite; to mingle; to form a union; as the bones of the skull join; two rivers join.
"Whose house joined hard to the synagogue." Acts xviii. 7.
"Should we again break thy commandments, and join in affinity with the people of these abominations?" Ezra ix. 14.
"Nature and fortune joined to make thee great." Shak.

Join, n. (Geom.) The line joining two points; the point common to two intersecting lines. Henrici.

Joinant
Join´ant, a. [OF. & F. joignant, p. pr. of joindre to join.] Adjoining. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Joinder
Join´der, n. [F. joindre. See Join, v. t.]
1. The act of joining; a putting together; conjunction.
"Confirmed by mutual joinder of your hands." Shak.
2. (Law) (a) A joining of parties as plaintiffs or defendants in a suit. (b) Acceptance of an issue tendered in law or fact. (c) A joining of causes of action or defense in civil suits or criminal prosecutions.

Joinhand
Join´hand, n. Writing in which letters are joined in words; — distinguished from writing in single letters. Addison.

Joint (joint), n. [F. joint, fr. joindre, p. p. joint. See Join.]
1. The place or part where two things or parts are joined or united; the union of two or more smooth or even surfaces admitting of a close-fitting or junction; junction; as a joint between two pieces of timber; a joint in a pipe.
2. A joining of two things or parts so as to admit of motion; an articulation, whether movable or not; a hinge; as the knee joint; a node or joint of a stem; a ball and socket joint. See Articulation.
"A scaly gauntlet now, with joints of steel, Must glove this hand." Shak.
"To tear thee joint by joint." Milton.
3. The part or space included between two joints, knots, nodes, or articulations; as a joint of cane or of a grass stem; a joint of the leg.
4. Any one of the large pieces of meat, as cut into portions by the butcher for roasting.
5. (Geol.) A plane of fracture, or divisional plane, of a rock transverse to the stratification.
6. (Arch.) The space between the adjacent surfaces of two bodies joined and held together, as by means of cement, mortar, etc.; as a thin joint.
7. The means whereby the meeting surfaces of pieces in a structure are secured together. Coursing joint (Masonry), the mortar joint between two courses of bricks or stones. — Fish joint, Miter joint, Universal joint, etc. See under Fish, Miter, etc. — Joint bolt, a bolt for fastening two pieces, as of wood, one endwise to the other, having a nut embedded in one of the pieces. — Joint chair (Railroad), the chair that supports the ends of abutting rails. — Joint coupling, a universal joint for coupling shafting. See under Universal. — Joint hinge, a hinge having long leaves; a strap hinge. — Joint splice, a reënforce at a joint, to sustain the parts in their true relation. — Joint stool. (a) A stool consisting of jointed parts; a folding stool. Shak. (b) A block for supporting the end of a piece at a joint; a joint chair. — Out of joint, out of place; dislocated, as when the head of a bone slips from its socket; hence, not working well together; disordered. "The time is out of joint." Shak.

Joint (joint), a. [F., p. p. of joindre. See Join.]
1. Joined; united; combined; concerted; as joint action.
2. Involving the united activity of two or more; done or produced by two or more working together.
"I read this joint effusion twice over." T. Hook.
3. United, joined, or sharing with another or with others; not solitary in interest or action; holding in common with an associate, or with associates; acting together; as joint heir; joint creditor; joint debtor, etc. "Joint tenants of the world." Donne.
4. Shared by, or affecting two or more; held in common; as joint property; a joint bond.
"A joint burden laid upon us all." Shak. Joint committee (Parliamentary Practice), a committee composed of members of the two houses of a legislative body, for the appointment of which concurrent resolutions of the two houses are necessary. Cushing. — Joint meeting, or Joint session, the meeting or session of two distinct bodies as one; as a joint meeting of committees representing different corporations; a joint session of both branches of a State legislature to chose a United States senator. "Such joint meeting shall not be dissolved until the electoral votes are all counted and the result declared." Joint Rules of Congress, U. S. — Joint resolution (Parliamentary Practice), a resolution adopted concurrently by the two branches of a legislative body. "By the constitution of the United States and the rules of the two houses, no absolute distinction is made between bills and joint resolutions." Barclay (Digest). — Joint rule (Parliamentary Practice), a rule of proceeding adopted by the concurrent action of both branches of a legislative assembly. "Resolved, by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), that the sixteenth and seventeenth joint rules be suspended for the remainder of the session." Journal H. of R., U. S. — Joint and several (Law), a phrase signifying that the debt, credit, obligation, etc., to which it is applied is held in such a way that the parties in interest are engaged both together and individually thus a joint and several debt is one for which all the debtors may be sued together or either of them individually. — Joint stock, stock held in company. — Joint- stock company (Law), a species of partnership, consisting generally of a large number of members, having a capital divided, or agreed to be divided, into shares, the shares owned by any member being usually transferable without the consent of the rest. — Joint tenancy (Law), a tenure by two or more persons of estate by unity of interest, title, time, and possession, under which the survivor takes the whole. Blackstone. — Joint tenant (Law), one who holds an estate by joint tenancy.

Joint, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jointed; p. pr. & vb. n. Jointing.]
1. To unite by a joint or joints; to fit together; to prepare so as to fit together; as to joint boards.
"Pierced through the yielding planks of jointed wood." Pope.
2. To join; to connect; to unite; to combine.
"Jointing their force ’gainst Caesar." Shak.
3. To provide with a joint or joints; to articulate.
"The fingers are jointed together for motion." Ray.
4. To separate the joints; of; to divide at the joint or joints; to disjoint; to cut up into joints, as meat. "He joints the neck." Dryden.
"Quartering, jointing, seething, and roasting." Holland.

Joint, v. i. To fit as if by joints; to coalesce as joints do; as the stones joint, neatly.

Joint, n.
1. [Jag a notch.] A projecting or retreating part in something; any irregularity of line or surface, as in a wall. [Now Chiefly U. S.]
2. (Theaters) A narrow piece of scenery used to join together two flats or wings of an interior setting.
3. A place of low resort, as for smoking opium. [Slang]

Jointer
Joint´er, n.
1. One who, or that which, joints.
2. A plane for smoothing the surfaces of pieces which are to be accurately joined; especially: (a) The longest plane used by a joiner. (b) (Coopering) A long stationary plane, for planing the edges of barrel staves.
3. (Masonry) (a) A bent piece of iron inserted to strengthen the joints of a wall. (b) A tool for pointing the joints in brickwork.

Joint-fir
Joint´-fir, n. (Bot.) A genus ( Ephedra) of leafless shrubs, with the stems conspicuously jointed; — called also shrubby horsetail. There are about thirty species, of which two or three are found from Texas to California.

Jointing
Joint´ing, n. The act or process of making a joint; also the joints thus produced. Jointing machine, a planing machine for wood used in furniture and piano factories, etc. — Jointing plane. See Jointer, 2. — Jointing rule (Masonry), a long straight rule, used by bricklayers for securing straight joints and faces.

Jointly
Joint´ly, adv. In a joint manner; together; unitedly; in concert; not separately.
"Then jointly to the ground their knees they bow." Shak.

Jointress
Joint´ress, n. (Law) A woman who has a jointure. [Written also jointuress.] Blackstone.

Jointure
Join´ture, n. [F. jointure a joint, orig., a joining, L. junctura, fr. jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Juncture.]
1. A joining; a joint. [Obs.]
2. (Law) An estate settled on a wife, which she is to enjoy after husband’s decease, for her own life at least, in satisfaction of dower.
"The jointure that your king must make, Which with her dowry shall be counterpoised." Shak.

Jointure
Join´ture, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jointured p. pr. & vb. n. Jointuring.] To settle a jointure upon.

Jointuress
Join´tur•ess, n. See Jointress. Bouvier.

Jointworm
Joint´worm, n. (Zoöl.) The larva of a small, hymenopterous fly ( Eurytoma hordei), which is found in gall-like swellings on the stalks of wheat, usually at or just above the first joint. In some parts of America it does great damage to the crop.

Joist (joist), n. [OE. giste, OF. giste, F. gîte, fr. gesir to lie, F. gesir. See Gist.] (Arch.) A piece of timber laid horizontally, or nearly so, to which the planks of the floor, or the laths or furring strips of a ceiling, are nailed; — called, according to its position or use, binding joist, bridging joist, ceiling joist, trimming joist, etc. See Illust. of Double-framed floor, under Double, a.

Joist, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Joisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Joisting.] To fit or furnish with joists. Johnson.

Jolliment
Jol´li•ment, n. Jollity. [Obs.] Spenser.

Jolliness
Jol´li•ness, n. Jollity; noisy mirth. Chaucer.

Jollity
Jol´li•ty, n. [From Jolly: cf. OF. joliete, jolivete.] Noisy mirth; gayety; merriment; festivity; boisterous enjoyment. Chaucer.
"All now was turned to jollity and game." Milton.
"He with a proud jollity commanded him to leave that quarrel only for him, who was only worthy to enter into it." Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. — Merriment; mirth; gayety; festivity; hilarity.

Jolt (jolt), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Jolted; p. pr. & vb. n. Jolting.] [Prob. fr. jole, joll, jowl, and originally meaning, to knock on the head. See Jowl.] To shake with short, abrupt risings and fallings, as a carriage moving on rough ground; as the coach jolts.

Jolt, v. t. To cause to shake with a sudden up and down motion, as in a carriage going over rough ground, or on a high-trotting horse; as the horse jolts the rider; fast driving jolts the carriage and the passengers.

Jolt, n. A sudden shock or jerk; a jolting motion, as in a carriage moving over rough ground.
"The first jolt had like to have shaken me out." Swift.

Jolter
Jolt´er, n. One who, or that which, jolts. { Jolt´er•head•, Jolt´head• }, n. [See Jolt, Jowl.] A dunce; a blockhead. Sir T. North.

Jolty
Jolt´y, a. That jolts; as a jolty coach. [Colloq.]

Jonah
Jo´nah, n. The Hebrew prophet, who was cast overboard as one who endangered the ship; hence, any person whose presence is unpropitious. Jonah crab (Zoöl.), a large crab ( Cancer borealis) of the eastern coast of the United States, sometimes found between tides, but usually in deep water.

Jonesian
Jo•ne´sian, a. Of or pertaining to Jones. The Jonesian system, a system of transliterating Oriental words by English letters, invented by Sir William Jones. { Jon´gleur, Jon´gler } n. [F. jongleur. See Juggler.]
1. In the Middle Ages, a court attendant or other person who, for hire, recited or sang verses, usually of his own composition. See Troubadour.
"Vivacity and picturesquenees of the jongleur’s verse." J R. Green.
2. A juggler; a conjuror. See Juggler. Milton. { Jon´quil, Jon´quille }, n. [F. jonquille, fr. L. juncus a rush, because it has rushlike leaves.] (Bot.) A bulbous plant of the genus Narcissus ( N. Jonquilla), allied to the daffodil. It has long, rushlike leaves, and yellow or white fragrant flowers. The root has emetic properties. It is sometimes called the rush-leaved daffodil. See Illust. of Corona.

Joseph
Jo´seph, n. An outer garment worn in the 18th century; esp., a woman’s riding habit, buttoned down the front. Fairholt.

Joseph’s flower
Jo"seph’s flow"er (Bot.) A composite herb ( Tragopogon pratensis), of the same genus as the salsify.

Joso
Jo´so, n. (Zoöl.) A small gudgeon.

Joss, n. [Chinese, corrupt. fr. Pg. deos God, L. deus.] A Chinese household divinity; a Chinese idol. "Critic in jars and josses." Colman (1761).Joss house, a Chinese temple or house for the Chinese mode of worship. — Joss stick, a reed covered with a paste made of the dust of odoriferous woods, or a cylinder made wholly of the paste; — burned by the Chinese before an idol.

Joss paper. Gold and silver paper burned by the Chinese, in the form of coins or ingots, in worship and at funerals.

Jossa
Jos´sa, interj. A command to a horse, probably meaning "stand still." [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jostle
Jos´tle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jostled p. pr. & vb. n. Jostling ] [A dim. of joust, just, v. See Joust, and cf. Justle.] [Written also justle.] To run against and shake; to push out of the way; to elbow; to hustle; to disturb by crowding; to crowd against. "Bullies jostled him." Macaulay.
"Systems of movement, physical, intellectual, and moral, which are perpetually jostling each other." I. Taylor.

Jostle
Jos´tle, v. i. To push; to crowd; to hustle.
"None jostle with him for the wall." Lamb.

Jostle
Jos´tle, n. A conflict by collisions; a crowding or bumping together; interference.
"The jostle of South African nationalities and civilization." The Nation.

Jostlement
Jos´tle•ment, n. Crowding; hustling.

Jot, n. [L. iota, Gr. the name of the letter (E. i, Heb. yd), the smallest letter of the Greek alphabet. Cf. Iota.] An iota; a point; a tittle; the smallest particle. Cf. Bit, n.
"Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled." Matt. v. 18.
"Neither will they bate One jot of ceremony." Shak.

Jot, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Jotting.] To set down; to make a brief note of; — usually followed by down.

Jougs, n. [F. joug a yoke, L. jugum. See Yoke.] An iron collar fastened to a wall or post, formerly used in Scotland as a kind of pillory. [Written also juggs.] See Juke. Sir W. Scott.

Jouk, v. i. See Juke.

Joule’s law.
1. (Elec.) The law that the rate at which heat is produced in any part of an electric circuit is measured by the product of the square of the current into the resistance of that part of the circuit. If the current (i) is constant for an interval of time (t), the energy ( H) in heat units equals i²Rt, R being resistance.
2. (Thermodynamics) The law that there is no change of temperature when a gas expands without doing external work and without receiving or rejecting heat. { Jub´bah, n. Also Jub´beh, Joob´beh }. [Hind. jubba, fr. Ar. jubbah.] A long outer garment worn by both sexes of Mohammedans of the better class.

Joulemeter
Joule´me•ter, n. An integrating wattmeter for measuring the energy in joules expended in an electric circuit or developed by a machine.

Jounce (jouns), v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Jounced (jounst); p. pr. & vb. n. Jouncing (joun"sing).] [Cf. Jaunce.] To jolt; to shake, especially by rough riding or by driving over obstructions.

Jounce, n. A jolt; a shake; a hard trot.

Journal
Jour´nal, a. [F., fr. L. diurnalis diurnal, fr. diurnus belonging to the day, fr. dies day. See Diurnal.] Daily; diurnal. [Obs.]
"Whiles from their journal labors they did rest." Spenser.

Journal
Jour´nal, n. [F. journal. See Journal, a. ]
1. A diary; an account of daily transactions and events. Specifically: (a) (Bookkeeping) A book of accounts, in which is entered a condensed and grouped statement of the daily transactions. (b) (Naut.) A daily register of the ship’s course and distance, the winds, weather, incidents of the voyage, etc. (c) (Legislature) The record of daily proceedings, kept by the clerk. (d) A newspaper published daily; by extension, a weekly newspaper or any periodical publication, giving an account of passing events, the proceedings and memoirs of societies, etc.; a periodical; a magazine.
2. That which has occurred in a day; a day’s work or travel; a day’s journey. [Obs. & R.] B. Jonson.
3. (Mach.) That portion of a rotating piece, as a shaft, axle, spindle, etc., which turns in a bearing or box. See Illust. of Axle box. Journal box, or Journal bearing (Mach.) the carrier of a journal; the box in which the journal of a shaft, axle, or pin turns.

Journalist
Jour´nal•ist, n. [Cf. F. journaliste.]
1. One who keeps a journal or diary. [Obs.] Mickle.
2. The conductor of a public journal, or one whose business it to write for a public journal; an editorial or other professional writer for a periodical. Addison.

Journalistic
Jour´nal•is´tic, a. Pertaining to journals or to journalists; contained in, or characteristic of, the public journals; as journalistic literature or enterprise.

Journalize
Jour´nal•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Journalized p. pr. & vb. n. Journalizing ] To enter or record in a journal or diary. Johnson.

Journalize
Jour´nal•ize, v. i. to conduct or contribute to a public journal; to follow the profession of a journalist.

Journey
Jour´ney, n. ; pl. Journeys (#). [OE. jornee, journee, prop., a day’s journey, OF. jornee, jurnee, a day, a day’s work of journey, F. journee, fr. OF. jorn, jurn, jor a day, F. jour, fr. L. diurnus. See Journal.]
1. The travel or work of a day. [Obs.] Chaucer.
"We have yet large day, for scarce the sun Hath finished half his journey." Milton.
2. Travel or passage from one place to another; hence, figuratively, a passage through life.
"The good man … is gone a long journey." Prov. vii. 19.
"We must all have the same journey’s end." Bp. Stillingfleet.
Syn. — Tour; excursion; trip; expedition; pilgrimage. — Journey, Tour, Excursion, Pilgrimage. The word journey suggests the idea of a somewhat prolonged traveling for a specific object, leading a person to pass directly from one point to another. In a tour, we take a roundabout course from place to place, more commonly for pleasure, though sometimes on business. An excursion is usually a brief tour or trip for pleasure, health, etc. In a pilgrimage we travel to a place hallowed by our religions affections, or by some train of sacred or tender associations. A journey on important business; the tour of Europe; an excursion to the lakes; a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.

Journey
Jour´ney, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Journeyed p. pr. & vb. n. Journeying.] To travel from place to place; to go from home to a distance.
"Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south." Gen. xii. 9.

Journey
Jour´ney, v. t. To traverse; to travel over or through. [R.] "I journeyed many a land." Sir W. Scott.

Journey-bated
Jour´ney-bat•ed, a. Worn out with journeying. [Obs.] Shak.

Journeyer
Jour´ney•er, n. One who journeys.

Journeyman
Jour´ney•man, n. ; pl. Journeymen . Formerly, a man hired to work by the day; now, commonly, one who has mastered a handicraft or trade; — distinguished from apprentice and from master workman.
"I have thought some of nature’s journeymen had made men, and not made them well." Shak.

Journeywork
Jour´ney•work, n. Originally, work done by the day; work done by a journeyman at his trade.

Joust, v. i. [OE. justen, jousten, OF. jouster, jouster, joster, F. jouter, fr. L. juxta near to, nigh, from the root of jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Jostle.] To engage in mock combat on horseback, as two knights in the lists; to tilt. [Written also just.]
"For the whole army to joust and tourney." Holland.

Joust, n. [OE. juste, jouste, OF. juste, jouste, joste, F. joute. See Joust, v. i.] A tilting match; a mock combat on horseback between two knights in the lists or inclosed field. [Written also just.]
"Gorgeous knights at joust and tournament." Milton.

Jove, n. [L. Jupiter, gen. Jovis, OL. Jovis, nom. & gen. for Djovis; akin to E. Tuesday. See Tuesday, and cf. Jupiter.]
1. The chief divinity of the ancient Romans; Jupiter.
2. (Astron.) The planet Jupiter. [R.] Pope.
3. (Alchemy) The metal tin. Bird of Jove, the eagle.

Joviality
Jo•vi•al´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. jovialite.] The quality or state of being jovial. Sir T. Herbert.

Jovially
Jo´vi•al•ly, adv. In a jovial manner; merrily; gayly. B. Jonson.

Jovialness
Jo´vi•al•ness, n. Noisy mirth; joviality. Hewyt.

Jovialty
Jo´vi•al•ty, n. Joviality. [R.] Barrow.

Jovian
Jo´vi•an, a. Of or pertaining to Jove, or Jupiter (either the deity or the planet).

Jovicentric
Jo•vi•cen´tric, a. [See Jove, and Center.] (Astron.) Revolving around the planet Jupiter; appearing as viewed from Jupiter. [R.] J. R. Hind.

Jowl, n. [For older chole, chaul, AS. ceaft jaw. Cf. Chaps.] The cheek; the jaw. [Written also jole, choule, chowle, and geoule.] Cheek by jowl, with the cheeks close together; side by side; in close proximity. "I will go with thee cheek by jole." Shak. " Sits cheek by jowl." Dryden.

Jowl, v. t. To throw, dash, or knock. [Obs.]
"How the knave jowls it to the ground." Shak.

Jowler
Jowl´er, n. (Zoöl.) A dog with large jowls, as the beagle.

Jowter
Jow´ter, n. A mounted peddler of fish; — called also jouster. [Obs.] Carew.

Joy, n. [OE. joye, OF. joye, joie, goie, F. joie, L. gaudia, pl. of gaudium joy, fr. gaudere to rejoice, to be glad; cf. Gr. to rejoice, proud. Cf. Gaud, Jewel.]
1. The passion or emotion excited by the acquisition or expectation of good; pleasurable feelings or emotions caused by success, good fortune, and the like, or by a rational prospect of possessing what we love or desire; gladness; exhilaration of spirits; delight.
"Her heavenly form beheld, all wished her joy." Dryden.
"Glides the smooth current of domestic joy." Johnson.
"Who, for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross, despising the shame." Heb. xii. 2.
"Tears of true joy for his return." Shak.
"Joy is a delight of the mind, from the consideration of the present or assured approaching possession of a good." Locke.
2. That which causes joy or happiness.
"For ye are our glory and joy." 1 Thess. ii. 20.
" A thing of beauty is a joy forever." Keats.
3. The sign or exhibition of joy; gayety; mirth; merriment; festivity.
"Such joy made Una, when her knight she found." Spenser.
"The roofs with joy resound." Dryden. Joy is used in composition, esp. with participles, to from many self-explaining compounds; as joy-bells, joy-bringing, joy-inspiring, joy-resounding, etc.
Syn. — Gladness; pleasure; delight; happiness; exultation; transport; felicity; ecstasy; rapture; bliss; gayety; mirth; merriment; festivity; hilarity.

Joy, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Joyed (joid); p. pr. & vb. n. Joying.] [OF. joir, F. jouir. See Joy, n. ] To rejoice; to be glad; to delight; to exult.
"I will joy in the God of my salvation." Hab. iii. 18.
"In whose sight all things joy." Milton.

Joy, v. t.
1. To give joy to; to congratulate. [Obs.] "Joy us of our conquest." Dryden.
"To joy the friend, or grapple with the foe." Prior.
2. To gladden; to make joyful; to exhilarate. [Obs.]
"Neither pleasure’s art can joy my spirits." Shak.
3. To enjoy. [Obs.] See Enjoy.
"Who might have lived and joyed immortal bliss." Milton.

Joyancy
Joy´an•cy, n. Joyance. [R.] Carlyle.

Joyful
Joy´ful, a. Full of joy; having or causing joy; very glad; as a joyful heart. "Joyful tidings." Shak.
"My soul shall be joyful in my God." Is. lxi. 10.
"Sad for their loss, but joyful of our life." Pope. — Joy´ful•ly, adv. — Joy´ful•ness, n.

Joyless
Joy´less, a. Not having joy; not causing joy; unenjoyable. — Joy´less•ly, adv. — Joy´less•ness, n.
"With downcast eyes the joyless victor sat." Dryden.
"Youth and health and war are joyless to him." Addison.
"[He] pining for the lass, Is joyless of the grove, and spurns the growing grass." Dryden.

Joyous
Joy´ous, a. [OE. joyous, joious, joios, F. joyeux.See Joy.] Glad; gay; merry; joyful; also affording or inspiring joy; with of before the word or words expressing the cause of joy.
"Is this your joyous city?" Is. xxiii. 7.
"They all as glad as birds of joyous prime." Spenser.
"And joyous of our conquest early won." Dryden.
Syn. — Merry; lively; blithe; gleeful; gay; glad; mirthful; sportive; festive; joyful; happy; blissful; charming; delightful. — Joy´ous•ly, adv. — Joy´ous•ness, n.